willingness to serve on program advisory panels. Companies, for example, Mobil, Exxon, Dow, Alcoa, IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Celanese, General Motors, Dupont, and others have demonstrated their wish to maintain close communications with CAM through individual short or extended visits and correspondence. The future assignment of Industrial Fellows to participate in the research programs is being discussed with several companies. A listing of American companies indicating interest in CAM by participating in CAM workshops will be submitted for the record.

BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES

AMERICAN COMPANIES PARTICIPATING IN CAM WORKSHOPS

ARCOR, Advanced Research & Applications, Airtron Alcoa Aluminum,
American Cyanamid, Amoco Chemical Corporation, Armco Inc., Atlantic
Richfield Corporation, Baker Manufacturing Company, Bell
Laboratories, Bend Research, Inc., Boeing Commercial Airplane
Company, Cambridge Instruments, Inc., Catalytics Associates, Inc.,
Celanese Research Company, Chevron Research Company, M/A Com
Gallium Arsenide Products, Crystal Specialties, DeGuigne Tech.
Company, Deacon Research, Dow Chemical Company, E. I. DuPont de
Nemours & Co., Inc., Charles Evans & Associates, Exxon Research &
Engineering Co., Filtrol Corporation, Ford Motor Company, General
Instrument, General Motors Research Laboratories, GigaBit Logic,
Inc., Harris Semiconductors, Helionetics, Inc., Hewlett-Packard
Laboratories, Hexcel Corporation, Honeywell, Inc., Hughes Research
Laboratories, IBM Research, Inland Steel, Intel Corporation, J&L
Steel Corporation, Lockheed Missile and Space Co., Inc., 3-M
Corporation, Maxwell Laboratories, Michigan Molecular Institute,
Mobil Research and Development Co., Monsanto Company, Motorola
Laboratories, National Steel Corporation, Oregon Steel Mills,
Owens-Corning Fiberglass Corporation, P. Q. Corporation, Physics
International, RCA Laboratories, Raychem Corporation, Republic
Steel, Rockwell International Corporation, SAB Partners, Shell
Development Company, Texas Instruments, Therma Wave, Inc., Union
Carbide Corporation, Union Oil Company of California, United
Catalysts, Inc., U. S. Steel, Varian Associates, Western Electric,
Westinghouse, Xerox Corporation.

Question: What is the distribution of the proposed $13.6 million increase over FY 1984 in Applied Mathematical Sciences?

Answer: Of the $13.6 million increase, $7 million in operating funds is requested to provide access to supercomputers for the High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Basic Energy Sciences and Biological and Environmental Research programs. This access will be provided by expanding the capability of the National Magnetic Fusion Energy Computer Network. The remaining $6.6 million will be used to expand research on making efficient use of the new multiprocessor supercomputers now being acquired by DOE laboratories and to expand research on algorithms and software for future supercomputing systems being explored in universities.

Question: How much is requested for Supercomputers? How much is requested for supercomputing research and energy science advanced computation and explain the need for these activities.

Answer: A total of $29.8 million is requested for the Applied Mathematical Sciences program in FY 1985. Of this total $21.3 million is requested for an expanded long range research program in large scale scientific computing and $8.5 million is requested to expand computing access available for Energy Research supported researchers at DOE laboratories, universities and industrial laboratories.

Included as part of the FY 1985 request of $8.5 million is $3.5 million for the lease and maintenance of one supercomputer, $1.5 million in capital equipment funds for peripherals and equipment for network access facilities at laboratories and universities, and $3.5 million for support staff, to increase the computing capacity of the National Magnetic Fusion Energy Computer Network. This additional capacity will be used to supply the large scale computing needs of the High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Basic Energy Sciences, and Biological and Environmental Research programs. The need for access by Energy Research researchers is acute with only about 10 percent of program requirements currently being met. This need is documented by proposals requesting time in excess of 10,000 hours in FY 1984.

The $21.3 million in research proposed in the FY 1985 budget is essential to advance the understanding of the fundamental concepts of mathematics, statistics, and computer science underlying the complex mathematical models of the key physical processes in energy systems. Much of the scientific research and development effort throughout DOE programs is focused directly on analytical and numerical modeling of physical processes. An understanding of the fundamental principles upon which these models are based is important for developing energy systems for the future. Thus, research in mathematical analysis, algorithms, and computational techniques is crucial in conducting most scientific investigations.

Question: What is requested by other agencies for

supercomputers? How do the planned DOE activities differ from those of other agencies? What is DOE doing to assure that there is no duplication of effort with other agencies?

Answer: There are three categories of plans for the use of supercomputers in the Federal agencies: (1) requests for additional capacity and capability to fulfill mission requirements; (2) requests for access to supercomputer facilities for computational science research; and, (3) long range research in supercomputer components, algorithms, and software for future parallel multiprocessor architectures.

In the first category, DOE, NASA, and DOD are planning to acquire additional supercomputers to use in production mode for mission requirements for weapons design, magnetic fusion energy research, aerodynamics studies, etc.

In the second category, the need for access to supercomputers for computational science research, documented in the Lax Report and other reports, is being addressed by DOE and NSF. DOE has requested $8.5 million to expand the National Magnetic Fusion Energy Computer Network to provide access to researchers in the High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Basic Energy Sciences, and

Biological and Environmental Research programs.

NSF has requested $20 million to provide access to their researchers in universities. They are in the process of determining how to provide that access; universities, national laboratories, and private industry firms are being considered for sources of computing capability.

In the third category, long range research, DOE, DOD, NSF, and NASA have programs in basic research in applied mathematics, computer science and engineering that address the broad spectrum of questions for future supercomputing.

In DOE, the Applied Mathematical Sciences research program is focused on numerical algorithms, languages and software for large scale scientific computational modeling. This program, now increased to $21.3 million, will support applied mathematicians and computational scientists at DOE laboratories, universities, and private industry having expertise in scientific computation. The spectrum of research topics ranges from mathematical analysis of systems of equations modeling complex energy systems to algorithms for solving these equations on a variety of supercomputer architectures to studies of the design and implementation of software systems on new supercomputer systems.

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's Strategic Computing program is focused on artificial intelligence techniques for expert systems, image and signal processing and speech understanding aimed toward production of "smart" weapons. This $95 million program will support computer scientists and engineers in universities and industry investigating microelectronic components, computer architectures, and software for symbolic, that is, nonnumerical, processing for the "fifth generation" computers. goal of this program is the development of small, low-power, radiation hardened intelligent systems for embedding in weapons systems.

The

NSF's research program in computer science, mathematics, and engineering is aimed at broad based support of universities, with emphasis on traditional educational aspects, with the goal of maintaining excellence in the Nation s pool of skilled scientists and engineers.

The other agencies in DOD, NASA, etc., have research programs focused on mission requirements.

Coordination of these activities is accomplished by participation in interagency committees and by informal but frequent contact among programs managers. The Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Energy, and Technology working groups, initiated by the Office of Science and Technology Policy, have produced two reports on aspects of the agencies' plans and these groups continue to coordinate their activities on the improved access and long range research programs. The Interagency Committee on Extramural Mathematics Programs is an ongoing activity for coordinating programs in applied mathematics research. Several studies undertaken by the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences have addressed the issues of research needs for the Nation related to scientific computation.

Question: Explain the need for the new ion collision physics facility, 85-ER-403. What is the total cost and annual operating costs of the Project?

Answer: The need for the new ion collision physics facility is to explore totally new and fundamental areas of atomic physics. The areas are not accessible using any facility in the U. S. today. This project will make possible the study of the physics of highly charged ions of the heaviest elements known. The project will allow the U. S. to remain competitive with other countries in accelerator-based atomic physics research.

These arguments are supported by a letter of transmittal of a 1976 report by the National Research Council on accelerator-related atomic physics research which is provided for insertion into the record. The report is one of two reports that recommends increased support for accelerator facilities, the other being a 1980 report which strengthens this recommendation. The research is of practical value to the development of fusion energy and to the development of x-ray lasers.

The total cost of the project is $4,000,000 of which DOE is to provide $3,400,000 over a two year period, $2,000,000 in FY 1985 and $1,400,000 in FY 1986. Kansas State will provide the

additional $600,000 for housing of the facility. The operating costs associated with this construction project will be $700,000 in FY 1987.

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL RELATING TO THE REPORT OF THE AD HOC PANEL ON ACCELERATOR-RELATED ATOMIC PHYSICS RESEARCH

This report deals with the emergence of an increasingly in-
portant new subfield of physics, in which accelerators are used
for the study of atomic inner-shell transitions, collisions, and
While the
the properties of highly ionized and excited atoms.
excitation and subsequent behavior of atomic inner shells have
long been studied in connection with x rays and Auger electron
their systematic study in connection with the collisions of heavy
The report outlines
ions is a relatively new field of endeavor.
the present research activity in this new area, its recent ac-
complishments, many of its open problems, and its prospects and
challenges. It also outlines some of its current connections
with practical areas of application, ranging from the detection
of trace species by x-ray fluorescence analysis to the measure-
ment of the collisional and radiative properties of highly excit-
ed impurity ions that are expected to have a crucial influence on
the behavior of plasmas in fusion reactors.

The new field of research in atomic inner-shell and high-
energy collision processes and spectroscopy depends on the use
of accelerators operating in energy ranges that were recently
Without the
considered the exclusive domain of nuclear physics.
existence of current accelerator resources, which were construct-
ed almost exclusively for nuclear research purposes, knowledge in
this new area of inner-shell physics would be almost nonexistent.
Its development and present state of high activity testify to the
fruitful consequences of interactions in both resources and per-
sonnel between the areas of physics classified, respectively, as
nuclear and atomic science.

Because of its dependence on facilities of substantial size
and cost, accelerator-related atomic physics requires special
attention on the part of funding agencies responsible for both
pure and applied research in its field; because it has thus far
been able to grow through the use of accelerators that were ini-
tially constructed under nuclear auspices, full recognition of
the needs of this promising research field has not had to be
faced in the budgeting process. It is clearly unwise for the re-
sources available to this field to remain dependent on decisions
that are determined primarily by the changing priorities of nu-
clear science. The Panel that has prepared this report recommends
that the special needs of this field be explicitly recognized and
responsibility assumed by appropriate agencies of the federal
government.

The peculiar position of this subfield, closely associated with nuclear physics in its needs for major facilities, but having its basis of concepts and common language in atomic and molecular science, calls for special and continuing effort in maintaining liaison and information flow among the communities that are involved. The Panel's report points to these needs and recommends actions to meet them. In carrying out its task the Panel has also provided a significant and interesting summary of a promising field of scientific endeavor.

Yours sincerely,

/signed/

Felix T. Smith, Chairman
Committee on Atomic and
Molecular Science

Question: Why was GPP funding responsibility for Argonne shifted to the BES program? What was the funding level in FY 1984?

Answer: It has been the practice of the DOE to assign GPP funding responsibility for a given laboratory to the program providing the greatest amount of support to that laboratory. In FY 1984 and prior years, the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy's (NE) Breeder Program budgeted these funds for ANL. An analysis of funding trends to ANL prior to the submission of the FY 1985 budget showed declining Breeder Program support to ANL, most of which went to ANL-West, and that the Office of Energy Research's Basic Energy Sciences program was increasing its support of ANL activities. Thus, the decision was made to transfer funding responsibility to the BES program in 1985, particularly in light of the CRBR cancellation and the general uncertainty regarding breeder funding in the outyears. This decision was made in conjunction with the DOE's decision, during the internal formulation of the FY 1985 budget, to increase FY 1985 GPP funding for all the multiprogram laboratories. This was a conscious management effort to reverse the recent trend of deteriorating facilities at these laboratories due to the inadequacy of GPP resource availability to the laboratories.

The Breeder Program provided $1.6 million in GPP funding to the Argonne National Laboratory in FY 1984. This level of funding was felt to be inadequate given the capital investment at ANL and the FY 1985 budget request of $5.0 million is considered a more appropriate funding level.