ing, when by an admirable contrivance, they all at once flew open. CARCHEMISH, in ancient geography, a town lying upon the Euphrates, belonging to the Afly. rians, from whom Necho king of Egypt took it. 2 Chr. xxxv. 20. He left a garrifon in it, which was taken and cut to pieces, by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon. 2 Kings xxiii. 29. Ifaiah (x. 9.) ferns to fay, that Tiglath-pilefer had made a conqueft of it. It is thought to be the fame with CIRCESIUM. CARCHESSUM, in furgery, a bandage. CARCINIUM OPALINUM, a genus of marine animals, difcovered by Mr Banks and Dr Solander, in their pallage to Madeira, which fhone in the water with colours that exceeded in variety and brightness any thing they had ever feen. The beautiful colouring and fplendour of thefe animals were equal to thofe of an OPAL; and from their refemblance to that gem, they gave this denomination to the genus. One of them lived feveral hours in a glafs of falt water, fwimming about with great agility, and difplaying at every motion a change of colours almoft infinitely various. (1.) * CARCINOMA. n.. [from xzgx, a crab.] A particular ulcer, called a cancer, very difficult to cure. A diforder likewife in the horny coat of the eye, is thus called. Quincy. (CARCINOMA. See CANCER, III. CARCINOMATOUS. adj. [from carcinoma.] Cancerous; tending to a cancer. CARCLEW, a village of Cornwall, 2 miles from Penryn. fquare, about a foot in length and half a foot in breadth, with a handle placed in the middle of one of the longer fides. The teeth are thus made: The wire being drawn to the fize intended, a number of wires are cut into proper lengths by means of a gauge, and then doubled in a tool contrived for that purpofe; after which they are bent into the proper direction by means of another tool; and then placed in the leather. CARCUS, or CARCASS. See CARCASS, $2. (1.) * CARD. n. f. [carte, Fr. charta, Lat.] 1. paper painted with figures ufed in games of chance or skill A Soon as the fpreads her hand, th' aerial guard Defcend, and fit on each important card; Firit, Ariel perch'd upon a matadore. Pope. The paper on which the winds are marked under the mariner's needle. Upon his cards and compass firm his eye, The mafters of his long experiment. Spenfer. The very points they blow; All the quarters that they know, I'th' fhipman's card. Shakespeare. 3aarde, Dutch] The inftrument with which wool is combed, or comminuted, or broken for Spinning. (4.) CARDS, among gamefters, (§ 1. def. 1.) little pieces of fine thin pafteboard of an oblong figure, of feveral fizes; but moft commonly in Britain, 3 inches long and 24 broad, on which are painted feveral points and figures. The moulds and blocks for making cards are exactly like thofe that were used for the first printed books. They lay a fheet of wet or moift paper on the blocks, which is first flightly done over with a fort of ink made of lamp black diluted in water, and mixed with fome ftarch to give it a body. They afterwards rub it off with a round lift. The court cards are coloured by means of feveral patterns, ftyled ftane files. Thefe confift of papers cut through with a penknife; and in thefe apertures they apply feverally the various colours, as red, black, &c. Thefe patterns are painted with, oil colours, that the brushes may not wear them out; and when the pattern is laid on the pasteboard, they flightly pals over it a brush full of colour, which leaving it within the openings, forms the face of figure of the card. (2) CARD is alfo ufed for a fhort letter of bufinefs or compliment. Dr Afh ftiles it, in this fenfe, unfealed paper; but cards upon all fubjects are as often fent fealed as otherwife. The chief diftinc-, tion, befides brevity) eftablished by etiquette, between cards and letters, is, that the former are rate entirely in the third perfon, whereas the firft and fecond perfons are always ufed in the latter. (3) CARD, (§ 1. def. 3.) confifts of a block of wood, befet with fharp teeth, ferving to arrange the hairs of wool, flax, hemp, and the like. There are different kinds of them, as hand cards, ftock cards, &c. They are made thus: A piece of ck leather, of the fize intended for the card, is frained in a frame, and then pricked full of holes, into which pieces of iron wire are inferted for teeth. The leather is then nailed by the edges to a llat piece of wood, in the form of an oblong (5.) CARDS, DECEPTIONS WITH. See LEGER DEMAIN. (6.) CARDS, FALSE. Among fharpers, divers forts of fraudulent cards have been contrived: as, 1. Marked cards, where the aces, kings, queens, and knaves, are marked on the corners of the backs with fpots of different number and order, either with clear water, or water tinged with pale Indian ink, that thofe in the fecret may diftinguish them. Aces are marked with fingle fpots on two corners oppofite diagonally; kings with two spots at the fame corners; knaves with the fame number tranf verfed. 2. Breef cards, thofe which are longer or broader than the reft; chiefly ufed at whift and piquet. The broad cards are ufually for kings, queens, knaves, and aces; the long for the reft. Their defign is to direct the cutting, to enable the perfon in the fecret to cut the cards difadvanta geoufly to his adverfary, and draw the perfon unacquainted with the fraud to cut them favourably for the fharper. As the pack is placed either endwife or fidewife to him that is to cut, the long or broad cards naturally lead him to cut to them. Breef cards are fometimes made thus by the mafacturer; but, in defect of thefe, tharpers pare all but the breefs with a pen-knife or razor. 3. Corner bend, denotes four cards turned down finely at the corner to ferve as a fignal to cut by. 4. Middie bend, or Kingston Bridge, is where the tricks are bent two different ways, which caufes an opening or arch in the middle, to direct likewife the cutting. (7) CARDS, ORIGIN OF. Cards were invented about A. D. 1390, to divert Charles VI. of France, who had fallen into melancholy. The inventor propofed, by the figures of the four fuits or colours, as the French call them, to reprefent the forr They delight in a foft loamy foil, but not too ftiff. By fome they are reckoned antifcorbutic. four claffes of men in the kingdom. By the cœurs (hearts) are meant the gens de choeur, choir-men, or ecclefiaftics; and therefore the Spaniards, who certainly received the use of the cards from the French, have copas, or chalices inftead of hearts. The nobility or prime military part of the kingdom, are reprefented by the ends or points of lances or pikes; and our ignorance of the meaning or refemblance of the figure induced us to call them fpades: The Spaniards have efpadas, fwords, in lieu of pikes, which are of a fimilar import. By diamonds are defigned the order of citizens, merchants, or tradefmen, carreaux, (fquare ftones, tiles, or the like:) The Spaniards have a coin, dineros, which anfwers to it; and the Dutch call the French word carreaux, "ftrenneen," ftones and diamonds, from the form. Trefle, the trefoil leaf, or clover grafs, (corruptly called clubs) alludes to the husbandmen and peafants. But how this fuit came to be called clubs, is not cafily explained; unless borrowing the game from the Spaniards, who have balos, (ftaves or clubs) inftead of the trefoil, we give the Spanish fignification to the French figure. The four kings are David, Alexander, Cæfar, and Charles; the names were then, and (if they are not lately changed for republican names) ftill are, on the French cards. Thefe reprefent the four monarchies of the Jews, Greeks, Romans, and Franks under Charlemagne. The queens are Argine, Efther, Judith, and Pallas, typical of birth, piety, fortitude, and wifdom, the qualifications refiding in each perfon. Argine is an anagram for regina, queen by defeent. By the knaves, were defigned the fervants to knights, for knave originally meant only fervant; others fancy that the knights themfelves were defigned by thofe cards; becaufe Hogier and Lahire, two names on the French cards, were famous knights at the time cards were fuppofed to have been in vented. * (1.) To CARD. v. a. [from the noun. To comb or comminute wool, with a piece of wood, thick fet with crooked wires.- The while their wives do fit Befide them, carding wool. May's Virgil. (2.) To CARD. . . To game; to play much at cards: as, a carding wife. CARDAMINDUM, in botany, a name given by Tournefort to the TROPAOLUM of Linnæus. CARDAMINE, in botany, lady's fmoke; a genus of the filiquofa order, belonging to the tetradynamia clafs of plants; and in the natural method ranking under the 39th order, Siliquofa. The filiqua parts afunder with a fpring, and the valves roll fpirally backward; the ftigma is entire, and the calyx a little gaping. Of this there are 15 fpecies; but the most remarkable is the CARDAMINE PRATENSIS, with a large purplith flower. It grows naturally in many parts of Britain, and is alfo called cuckow-flower. There are 4 varieties, viz. the fingle, with purple and white flowers, which are frequently intermixed in the meadows; and the double, of both colours. The fingle forts are not admitted into gardens; but the double deferve a place, as making a pretty appearance during the time they are in flower. They will thrive in a moit fhady border; and are 1 ropagated by parting their roots in autumn. (1.) CARDAMOMUM. n. f. [Latin.) A me dicinal feed, of the aromatic kind, contained in pods, and brought from the Eaft Indies. Chamb. (2.) CARDAMOMUM. See AMOMUM, N° 1. CARDAN, Jerom, one of the most extraordinary geniufes of his age, was born at Pavia, 24th Sept. 1501. As his mother was not married, the tried every method to procure an abortion, but without effect. She was three days in labour, and they were at laft obliged to cut the child from her. He was born with his head covered with black curled hair. When 4 years old, he was carried to Milan, where his father was an advocate. At 20, he went to study in the univerfity, and two years afterwards he explained Euclid. In 1523 he went to Padua, and was admitted M. A. and in 1525, M. D. He married about 1531. For ten years before he had been impotent, which was a great mortification to him. He attributed it to the evil influences of the planet under which be was born. When he enumerates the greateft misfortunes of his life, this 10 years impotency is al ways one. At the age of 32 he became profeffor of mathematics at Milan. In 1539, he was ad mitted member of the college of phyficians at Milan; in 1543, he read public lectures of medi cine in that city, and at Pavia in 1544; but dilcontinued thefe becaufe he could not get payment of his falary, and returned to Milan. In 155 he went into Scotland, having been fent for by the Abp. of St Andrews, who had in vain applied to the French king's phyficians, and those of the emperor. This prelate, then 40 years old, had for 10 years been afflicted with a fhortnefs of breath, which returned every 8 days for the 2 laft years. He began to recover from the moment that Car dan. prefcribed for him. Cardan took leave him at the end of fix weeks and three days, ka ing him prefcriptions which in two years wrot a complete cure. Cardan in his journey to Scot land croffed France; and returned through Ge many and the Netherlands, along the Rhine. On this occafion he went to London, and calculatol king Edward's nativity. This tour took up about four months: after which, returning to Mir, he continued there till October 1452; then wer to Pavia, from whence he was invited to Bologna in 1562. He taught in this city till 1570; t left it in 1571, and went to Rome, where he ed for fome time without public employment He was, however, admitted a member of the co lege of phyficians, and received a penfion from the pope. He died at Rome, 21st Sept. 175, cording to Thuanus. This account might be fut ficient to flew the reader that Cardan was of a very fickle temper; but he will have a much bet ter idea of his odd turn of mind from what he hire feif has written concerning his own good and bad qualities. He paid himself congratulatory com pliments for not having a friend in this work; but that, in requittal, he was attended by an rial fpirit, emanated partly from Saturn and party from Mercury, who was the conftant guide of l actions. He declared, too, that he was fe int gular in his manner, of walking the freets, at in duced all beholders to point at him as a feel Sometinic with fpirits; a likeness to whom, he afferted, we might attain by purifying ourselves with philofophy. He chofe for himfelf, however, notwiths ftanding fuch reveries, this fine device, Tempus mea poffeffio, tempus meus ager: "Time is my fole poffeffion, and the only fund I have to improve." In fact, with all his oddities, we muft allow, that Cardan cultivated every species of knowledge, and made a greater progrefs in philofophy, medicine, aftronomy, mathematics, &c. than the greatest part of his cotemporaries who had applied their minds but to one of thofe fciences. Scaliger affirms, that Cardan, having fixed the time of his death, abftained from food, that his prediction might be fulfilled, and that has continuance to live might not difcredit his art. Cardan's father, who was a doctor of medicine, and a profeffor of civil and canon law, died in the fame manner, in 1524, having abftained from all fuftenance for 9 days. His fon tells us, that he had white eyes, and could fee in the night. CARDAS, 1. a fort of card, proper for carding flocks of filk, to make cappadine: 2. The name which the French give to thofe flocks of filk: 3. A large card used in the cloth manufac tories of Languedoc, for carding the dyed wool, to make cloth of mixed colours. CARDEN, a town in Cheshire, NW. of Malpas. CARDANERO, a river of Spain, in Catalonia. CARDEN HALL, in Cumberland, S. of Carlife. Sometimes he walked very flowly, like a man ab (1.) * CARDER. n.f. [from card.] 1. One that cards wool. The clothiers all have put off Shak. (2.) CARDERS, fpinners, weavers, fullers, fheermen, and dyers, not performing their duty in their occupations, incur double damages; to be committed until payment. One juftice to hear and determine complaints. Carders, combers, forters, fpinners, or weavers, conveying away, embezzling or detaining any wool or yarn, delivered by the clothier, or any other perfon, fhall give the party grieved fuch fatisfaction, as two juftices, mayor, &c. fhall think fit: if not able or willing to make fatisfaction, for the first offence to be whipped, or fet in the ftocks in fome market town, or in any other town where the offence is committed: the fecond offence to incur the like, or fuch further punishment by whipping, &c. as juftices fhall think proper. Conviction by one witnefs on oath, or confeffion. BARDI, Lewis, an Italian painter, called alfo CIVOLI, or CIGOLI, from the place of his birth, was born, in 1559. His ecce bomo, which he performed as a trial of skill with Barochia and Michael Angelo de Carravaggio, was judged better than thofe executed by them. He excelled in defigning, and was employed by the popes and princes of his time. He died at Rome in 1763. CARDIACA, in botany, See LEONUKUS. * CARDIACAL. adj. [x, the heart.] (1.) *CARDIACK. Cordial; having the qua 23 for the acquifition of glory. The Lyons edi- lity of invigorating the spirits. tion of his works, printed in 1663, confifts of 10 (2.) CARDIACS, medicines beneficial to the heart, tola folio. He revived in latter times all the fecret whether internally or externally applied; particuphilofophy of the cabalifts, which filled the world, larly thofe which raife the spirits, and give prefent VOL. V. PART I. ftrength Arength and cheerfulness; commonly called COR- the Irish channel. It is of confiderable fize and DIALS. Cardiacs were anciently fuppofed to ex- well built, containing 3 wards, one church and ert themfelves immediately in comforting and the county goal. It is governed by a mayor, 13 ftrengthening the heart: but modern phyficians aldermen 13 common council-men, &c. Here rather fuppofe them to produce the effect by put- are the ruins of a caftle which was built by Gilting the blood into a gentle fermentation, where- bert de Clare, about A. D. 1160. It has markets, by the fprings, before decayed, are repaired and on Tuef. and Sat. It is 33 NE. by E. of St Da invigorated, and the tone and elafticity of the fi- vid's; and 225 WNW. of London. Lon. 4. 38. bres of the veffels reftored; and thus occafioning W. Lat. 52. 10. N. a more eafy and brifk circulation. CARDIALGIA. See MEDICINE, Index. *CARDIALGY. n. f. [from xagdia, the heart, and 2, pain. The heart-burn; a pain fuppofed to be felt in the heart, but more properly in the ftomach, which fometimes rifes all along from thence up to the afophagus, occafioned by fome acrimonious matter. Quincy. CARDIFF, of CAERDIFF, a town of S. Wales, in Glamorganshire, feated on the river Tave, in a rich and fruitful foil. It is a large, compact, well-built town, having a caftle, a wall, and four gates, built by Robert Fitz-Hamon, a Nornan, about A. D. 1100. It is governed by the conftable of the castle, 12 aldermen, 12 burgeffes, &c. and fends one member to parliament. Here the aflizes and feffions are held, befides feveral courts. There is a handfome bridge over the river, to which finali veffels come to take in their lading. It has now only one church, St Mary's having been long ago thrown down by the undermining of the river. The caftle, though much decayed, ftill makes a grand appearance, and the walls are very frong and thick. The church has a fine fteeple, and the town hall is a good ftructure. The magiftrates are elected every year by the majority of the burgeffes. Near the town are fome iron-works, and a canal extending 25 miles to the iron-works at Merthyr-Tidvil. Cardiff lies 12 miles E. of Cowbridge, and 164 W. of London. Lon. 3. 12. W. Lat. 51. 30. N. (1.) CARDIGAN, or CARDIGANSHIRE, a county of South Wales, bounded on the N by Merionethfhire and Montgomeryshire, on the E. by Radnorthire and Brecknockshire, on the W. by the Bay (N° 3.) and on the S. by Caermarthenfhire. Its length from NW. to SE. is about 44 miles, and its breath near 20. The air, as in other parts of Wales, varies with the foil, which in the fouthern and western parts is more upon a level than this principality generally is, which renders the air mild and temperate. On the S. and W. it is fertile; but on the N. and E. mountainous, barren and bleak. However, there are cattle bred in all parts; but they have neither wood nor coals of their own for fuel: they have rich Kad mines, and 6th in plenty, with fowls both tame and wild. The principal rivers are the Tyvy, the Ridal, and the itwito. This county has market towns, viz. Cardigan, Aberiftwith, Lian badarnyawn, Llubedar, and Tregaron, with 64 pariches; and was formerly computed to have up wards of poco beukes, and 150,000 acres of land. It fonds two members to parliament; one for the county and one for the town. The mountning abourd with her and lead cres, which have been WTOMA wire advantage. VAU KARDIGAN, the capital of the courte ( (3) CARDIGAN BAY, a bay of S. Wales; at the mouth of the Tave, extending to Barfey island in Caernarvonshire. It is 40 miles long, and affords good fhelter for fhips. (1.) CARDINAL. adj. [cardinalis, Lat] Prin cipal; chief.-The divifions of the year in frequent ufe with aftronomers, according to the cardinal interfections of the zoadiac; that is the two equi noctials, and both the folftitial points BrownHis cardinal perfection was induftry. Clarendon. (2.) CARDINAL. n. One of the chief gover nours of the Romish church, by whom he pope is clected out of their own number, which con. tains 6 bishops, 50 priefts, and 14 deacons, who conftitute the facred college, and are chofen by the pope.-A cardinal is fo ftiled, becaufe ferviceable to the apoftolical fee, as an axle or hinge on which the whole government of the church turns; or as they have from the pope's grant, the hinge and government of the Romish church. Ayliffe. (3.) CARDINAL, ACCOUNT OF THE ORIGIN AND OFFICE OF. Some fay the cardinals were fo called from the Latin incardinatio, which fignifies the adoption in any church made of a prieft of a foreign church, driven thence by misfortune; and add, that the use of the word commenced at Rome and Ravenna; the revenues of the churches of which cities being very great, they became the common refuge of the unhappy priefts of all other churches. The cardinals compofe, the pope's council or fenate; in the Vatican is a conftitution of pope John, which regulates the rights and titles of the cardinals; and which declares, that as the pope reprefents Mofes, fo the cardinals reprefent the 70 elders, who, under the pontifical authority, decide private differences. Cardinals, in their firt inflitution, were only the principal priefts of the parithes of Rome. In the primitive church, the chief prieft of a parifh, next the bishop was ca". ed prefbyter cardinalis, to diftinguith him from the other petty priefts, who had no church. The term was firft applied to them in A. D. rgo; others fay, 300. Under pope Gregory, cardinal pricft, and deacons, were only fuch as had a church 7 chapel under their care: and this was the cr ginal ufe of the word. Leo IV. in the council of Rome, held in 853, calls them prefenteres ji zor. dinis; and their churches, parestias cardinat The cardinals continued on this footing till the 11th century: but as the grandeur of his bolines became then exceedingly augmented, he wou! have his council of cardinals make a better figur than the ancient priefs had done. It was a good while, however, before they had the precedence over bithops, or got the election of the pope it their hands; but they foon after got the red hat and purple; and became at length fuperior to the bithops, by the fele quality of being cardina's Du-Cange obfirves, that originally there were kinds of churches: the firft or genuine churches were properly called parishes; the 2d deaconries. which were chapels joined to hofpitals, and ferved by deacons; the 3d oratories, where private maffes were faid, and were difcharged by local and refident chaplains. He adds, that to diftinguish the principal churches from the chapels and oraturies, the name cardinales was given to them. Accordingly, parish churches gave titles to cardial prieits; and fome chapels alfo, at length, gave the title of cardinal deacons. Others are of opinion, that the title was given not only to priefts, but likewife to fuch bithops and deacons as were attached to certain churches, to diftinguish them from thofe who only ferved them en passant, and by commiffion. Titular churches, or benefices, were a kind of parishes, i. e. churches affigned each to a cardinal prieft; with fome stated diftrict, and a font for adminiftering baptifm, in cales where the bifhop himself could not do it. Thefe cardinals were fubordinate to the bishops; and accordingly, in councils, particularly that held at Rome in 868, fubfcribed after them. It was not, however, only at Rome, that priefts bare this title; for there were cardinal priefts in France: thus, the curate of the parish of St John de Vignes is called in old charters the cardinal prie of that parish. The title is alfo given to Come bifhops, quatenus bifhops; e.g. to thofe of Mentz and Milan: the archbishop of Bourges is , in ancient writings, called cardinal. The facred college confifts of 70 cardinals, divided into claffes; viz. bishops, priefts, and deacons. See $2. The cardinal bithops, who are the pope's vicars, the titles of the bishoprics affigned to them; the relt take fuch titles as are given them: the tumber of cardinal bithops has been fixed; but that of cardinal priefts and deacons, and confequently the facred college itfelf, has often fluctuated. Till 1115, the college only confifted of 52 or 53: the council of Conftance reduced them to 24; but Sixtus IV. about 1480, raised them again to 53, and Leo X. to 65. Thus, as the number of cardinal priefts was anciently fixed to 28, new tatles were to be eftablifhed, in proportion as new cardinals were created. The cardinal deacons were originally no more than 7, for the 14 quarters of Rome; but they were afterwards increafed 1919, and after that were again diminished. Pope Pius IV. enacted, in 1562, that the Pope fhould be chofen only by the fenate of cardinals. Some Lay, the election of the pope refted in the cardials, exclufive of the clergy, in the time of Alexander III. in 1160. Others go higher ftill, and Lay, that Nicholas II. having been elected at Sien dinal's mouth is fhut, he can neither give his voice in the election of a new pope, nor be himfelf advanced to that dignity. The drefs of a cardinal is a red foutanne, a rocket, a fhort purple mantle, and a red hat. The cardinals began to wear the red hat at the council of Lyons, in 1243. The decree of pope Urban VIII. whereby it is appointed, that the cardinals be addreffed under the title of eminence, is dated 1630; till then, they were called illuftriffimi. When cardi nals are fent to the courts of Princes, it is in quality of legates a latere; and when they are appointed governors of towns, their government is called by the name of legation. in 1958, by the cardinals alone, occafioned the right of election to be taken from the clergy and people of Rome; only leaving them that of confirming him by their confent; which was at length, likewife taken from them. At the creation of a new cardinal, the pope performs the ceremony of opening and butting his mouth; wich is done in a private confiftory. The thutting his mouth implies the depriving him of the liberty of giving his opinion in congregations; and the opening his mouth, which is performed 15 ays after, fignifies the taking off this reftraint. If the pope happens to die during the time a car (4.) CARDINAL FLOWER, in botany. See Lo BELIA. (5.) CARDINAL NUMBERS, in grammar, are the numbers one, two, three, &c. in diftinction from the ordinal numbers, firft, fecond, third, &c. (6.) CARDINAL POINTS, in aftrology, are the rifing and fetting of the fun, the zenith, and nadir, (7.) CARDINAL POINTS, in cofmography, are the 4 interfections of the horizon with the meridian, and the prime verticle circle. Of thefe, two, viz. the interfections of the horizon and meridian, are called North and South, with regard to the poles they are directed to. The other two, viz. the interfections of the horizon, and first vertical, are called East and Weft. The cardinal points, therefore, coincide with the four cardinal regions of the heavens; and are 90° distant from each other. The intermediate points are called collateral. (8) CARDINAL'S FLOWER. 2. f. [rapuntium, Lat. A flower.-The fpecies are, 1. Greater rampions, with a crimfon fpiked flower, commonly called the fearlet cardinal's flower. 2. The blue cardinal's flower. The firft fort is greatly prized for the beauty of its rich crimson flowers, exceeding all flowers in deepness. Miller. 19.) CARDINAL SIGNS, in aftronomy, are Aries, Cancer, Libra, and Capricorn. The name has (10.) CARDINALS, SECULAR. alfo been applied to fecular officers. Thus, the prime minifters in the court of the emperor Theodofius, are called cardinales, Caffiodorus, lib. vii. formul. 31. makes mention of the cardinal prince of the city of Rome; and in the lift of officers of the duke of Bretagne, in 1447, we meet with one Raoul de Thorel, cardinal of Quillart, chancellor, and fervant of the vifcount de Rohan: which fhows it to have been an inferior quality. (11.) CARDINAL VIRTUES. Juftice, prudence, temperance, and fortitude, are called the 4 cardinal virtues, as being the bafis of all the reft. (12.) CARDINAL WINDS are those that blow from the cardinal points. *CARDINALATE. n. f. [from cardinal.] *CARDINALSHIP. The office and rank of a cardinal.-An ingenious cavalier, hearing that an old friend of his was advanced to a cardinalate, went to congratulate his eminence upon his new honour. L'Etrange. CARDINGHAM, a village in Cornwall, NE. of Bodmin. CARDINGTON, 2 fmall towns; viz. 1. SE. of Bedford: 2. between Bishop's Cattle and Wenlock, Salop. CARDIOID, C 3 |
