Street, was erected in 1855; and a monu- | distances on the same side of the river. ment of Joseph Hume, in 1859. The Edzell Castle, the ruin of the ancient Burgh Academy, on the Links, is a large, handsome edifice, surmounted by a dome. Dorward's House of Refuge is a neat Tudor structure, built in 1839. A building on the Links, long used as a lunatic asylum, was recently superseded by a very large and elegant edifice at Sunnyside, 2 miles distant, built at a cost of upwards of £20,000. Several other public buildings, particularly churches, are neat or pleasing. magnificent seat of the Lindsays of Glenesk, still comprising two fine towers, of different styles and dates, is 7 miles to the north-west. Lochlee parish, lying among the Grampians, beyond Edzell up to the sources of the North Esk, contains a shooting-lodge of Lord Panmure; embosoms some grand, romantic scenery; takes up a path, by a wild, lofty, stairlike pass, toward Ballater on the Dee; and was the residence of Alexander Ross, the author of the "Fortunate Shepherdess." 1141. NORTH ESK WATER rises among the Grampians, 8 miles east of Lochnagar, and runs 28 miles south-eastward to the German Ocean, 34 miles north of Montrose. Its chief affluents are West Water and Crook Water on the right bank, and Luther Water on the left. Its extent of basin is about 230 square miles. Its scenery is first grandly Highland, and afterwards variously Lowland. Its waters contain large numbers of excellent trout and salmon. The town owns shipping to the amount of about 17,000 tons, and carries on extensive industry in flax-spinning, linenweaving, ship-building, rope-making, iron-working, machine-making, and other crafts. It has a key post office, six banking offices, several public newsrooms and libraries, a public museum, public baths, and four chief inns-the Star, the White Horse, the Albion, and the Railway. It is governed by a provost and fourteen councillors; and it unites with Arbroath and three other burghs in sending a member to Parliament. Its population in 1851 was 15,238. Montrose was a place of bulk and note so early as the 13th century; and it long had a military castle. Sir James Douglas embarked at it in 1330 to carry the heart of Robert Bruce to Jerusalem. The Che-tains the mansions of Kirktonhill, George valier St. George disembarked at it in December 1715, and re-embarked at it in February 1716. It was the birth-place of the famous Marquis of Montrose; and it gives the titles of Earl, Marquis, and Duke to the family of Graham. 1140. CRAIGO village, on the right bank of the North Esk, adjacent to Craigo Station, is a seat of manufacture, and has about 350 inhabitants. Logie village, of similar character and size to Craigo; three remarkable tumuli, called the Laws of Logie; and the mansions of Craigo, J. F. Grant, Esq.; Gallary, David Lyall, Esq.; Strickathrow, Sir James Campbell; and Auchenreoch, Archibald Gibson, Esq., are at short 1142. MARYKIRK village, on the North Esk, a mile south-east of Marykirk Station, contains a post office under Montrose, a Parish Church, and about 200 inhabitants. Marykirk parish con Taylor, Esq.; Thornton Castle, Alexander Crombie, Esq.; Balmakewan, Mrs. Colonel Frazer; Hatton, the Hon. General Hugh Arbuthnot, M. P.; and Inglismaldie, the Earl of Kintore. St. Cyrus parish, to the east, along the North Esk and the sea, contains a curious ancient obelisk, a handsome parochial church of 1854, and the mansions of Kirkside, Laurieston Castle, Bridgeton, and Mount Cyrus; and is associated with the name of Dr. Keith, the author of works on prophecy. Benholme parish, on the coast north of St. Cyrus, contains Johnshaven fishing town, with about 1200 inhabitants; and Benholme Castle, an ancient, well-pre 386 LAURENCEKIRK-BERVIE WATER. served fortalice, the property of Lord | extinct ancient capital of Kincardine shire, is the vestige of a royal palace in which Kenneth III. was murdered, and in which John Baliol made submission to Edward I. of England. Cranstoun; and gives title to one of the present judges of the Court of Session. 1143. LAURENCEKIRK, in the southeastern vicinity of the station, consists chiefly of one street, about a mile long; 1145. FORDOUN, 2 miles north-west has a key post office, two banking offices, of the station, has a neat inn, and a a news-room, a public library, an inn handsome parish church, the latter a called the Gardenstone Arms, four places large Gothic edifice, with a tower 93 of worship, and about 1650 inhabitants; feet high, built in 1829. Auchinblae viland was the birth-place of Dr. Beattie, lage, in its northern vicinity, has a post and the scene of the labours of Ruddi- office under Laurencekirk, two banking man the grammarian, and Dr. Cooke offices, a weekly market, and about 700 the Church historian. Johnstone Lodge, inhabitants. Fenella Hill, in the westadjacent to it, is the seat of Alexan-ern neighbourhood, is an isolated ridge der Gibbon, Esq. Garvock Hill, on the east, rises to an altitude of about 750 feet above the level of the sea; commands a brilliant panoramic view, and is crowned by two large cairns, one of them surmounted by a modern tower 30 feet high. Denfennella, beyond the hill, is a romantic ravine. 1144. FETTERCAIRN village, 4 miles west by north of Laurencekirk, has a post office under that town, a banking office, two inns, an ancient market cross, two places of worship, and about 290 inhabitants. Fettercairn estate anciently bore the name of Middleton, and belonged to a family who acquired, in the reign of Charles II., the titles of Viscount Fettercairn and Earl of Middleton. Fettercairn House, in the northern vicinity of the village, the seat of Sir John S. Forbes, Bart., is partly an edifice of 1666, partly a tasteful modern addition. Fasque House, 11⁄2 mile to the north, the seat of Sir Thomas Gladstone Bart., is a large, modern, castellated structure. Phesdo House, 2 miles to the north-east, another seat of Sir Thomas Gladstone, is a modern Grecian edifice of Aberdeen granite. Burn House, 3 miles to the west, the seat of Major William M'Inroy, was built in 1791, by Lord Adam Gordon. Balbegno Castle, a mile to the south-west, is an edifice of 1509, still entire. Kincardine Castle, 11⁄2 mile to the north-east, adjacent to the about 4 miles long and 1200 feet high ; and Strathfenella is a pleasant vale curving round it to Fordoun, and bringing down the rivulet Luther. Drumtochty Castle, in the vale 2 miles above Fordoun, the seat of Andrew Gammell, Esq., is a splendid Gothic edifice, built at a cost of £30,000, after a design by Gillespie Graham. Monboddo House, a mile north-east of Auchinblae, the seat of J. B. Burnett, Esq., is an old mansion, the birth-place of the metaphysical writer, Lord Monboddo. A Roman camp exists about a mile southeast of Fordoun; and a Carmelite friary, in a glen above Drumtochty. George Wishart, the reformer, was a native of Fordoun parish; and a handsome monument to his memory was recently erected in the church-yard. John of Fordoun, the author of the "Scotichronicon," a Scottish history of the 14th century, was either a native or a resident. 1146. BERVIE WATER, rises 4 miles north-west of Fordoun, runs 12 miles south-eastward to the sea, is an excellent trouting stream, and has a salmon fishery. Bervie town, at the right side of its mouth, 6 miles from the Fordoun and the Drumlithie Stations, is a small, ancient, royal burgh, and has a key post office, a banking office, a modern town hall with a belfry, and a handsome Gothic church of 1837, with a tower upwards of 100 feet high. It is governed by a DRUMLITHIE-PORTLETHEN. 387 council of fifteen ; and it unites with the | after the attainder of the last Earl Montrose burghs in sending a member Marischal in 1715. Dunnottar Church, to Parliament. Its population in 1851 1 mile to the north-west, near the railwas 934. Halgreen Castle, in its south-way, is a building of 1782; and its ern vicinity, is a well preserved, large, church-yard contains a gravestone to the strong pile of 1376. Arbuthnot House, memory of the Covenanters who died in 3 miles to the north-west, is the seat of the castle; and was the place where Sir Viscount Arbuthnot; and Kair House, Walter Scott saw David Paterson, his 11⁄2 mile further north-west, is the seat of "Old Mortality." Dunnottar House, the James J. Kinloch, Esq. seat of W. N. Forbes, Esq., is a modern mansion. 1147. DRUMLITHIE village, adjacent to Drumlithie Station, has a post office under Stonehaven, an Episcopalian Chapel, and about 420 inhabitants. Carron Water, reached by the railway 1 mile beyond it, makes an easterly run of 8 miles to the sea at Stonehaven. Fetteresso House, on the left bank of the Carron, 24 miles above Stonehaven, the seat of Robert Duff, Esq., is partly a modern edifice, partly the ancient abode of the Earls Marischal of Scotland. 1148. DUNNOTTAR CASTLE, 'long the stronghold of the Earls Marischal, stands on the coast, 1 mile south of Stonehaven; is now a picturesque, extensive ruin, on an area of about 4 acres; comprises battlemented walls, stately towers, and military out-works; and surmounts a salient rock of similar outline to that of Edinburgh Castle, breaking sheer to the sea in cliffs of 160 feet, and insulated on the land side by a deep chasm. The castle was built during the contest between Bruce and Baliol, suffered capture by Sir William Wallace, and repeatedly changed fortunes and form in the course of the succeeding wars. The regalia were deposited in it for protection from Cromwell, and would have passed into the possession of his besieging forces but for being secretly carried off by the minister of Kinneff's wife, and hidden beneath his pulpit. The castle was made a State prison for the persecuted Covenanters in the times of Charles II. and James VII., when numbers of them were subjected to horrific sufferings within a dungeon of it still called the Whig's Vault; and it was dismantled 1149. STONEHAVEN on the coast, about a mile from Stonehaven Station, is a market town, a small sea-port, and the capital of Kincardineshire. It consists of two parts, old and new, on opposite sides of Carron Water. The old part is irregular and dingy; the new, well planned, well built, and containing a central square. The town has a neat market house, county buildings, a key post office, three banking offices, three good inns, and six places of worship. Its population in 1851 was 3240. Cowie Water, falling into the sea adjacent to it, has an east-south-easterly run hither for 9 miles, and is crossed by the railway on a fourteen-arched viaduct, 100 feet high, with a striking view. A chalybeate spring near the viaduct has much medicinal repute. Ury House, on the left side of the stream, about a mile above the viaduct, a newly-erected edifice, in the Tudor style, is the seat of Alexander Baird, Esq.; and Cowie House and Rickarton, in the neighbourhood, are the seats of Alexander Innes and W. R. Hepburn, Esqs. The scenery along the railway from Stonehaven to the Dee, is bleak and moorish, yet presents points of interest in bold high coast. 1150. PORTLETHEN, a little east of the station, is a fishing village, with a parish church and about 280 inhabitants. Two other fishing villages stand within 1 mile of it; Downies, on the south; Findon, on the north,—and the latter possesses notoriety for having given name to the famous dried haddocks, 388 COVE-BROUGHTY FERRY. 1151. COVE, adjacent to the station, | showing two fixed lights, the one above is a fishing village, with a post office the other, visible at the distance of 16 under Aberdeen, and about 450 inhabit- and 19 nautical miles. ants. Granite, for exportation, has been extensively quarried in its southern neighbourhood. Nigg Church, on a conspicuous site, some distance to the north, is a neat granite structure, with a tower, built in 1829. Girdleness promontory, at the south side of the mouth of the Dee, is crowned by a light-house 1152. TORRY, on the right side of the Dee, opposite Aberdeen, is a fishing village, with pier, harbour, and about 350 inhabitants. Measures were adopted, in the spring of 1860, to construct here, at a cost of £7500, a nine-gun battery, with fortifications and barracks, to occupy an area of two acres. XCIII.-FROM DUNDEE TO ABERDEEN. By railway from the station at the east end of Dock Street; along the coast to Arbroath, and there striking inland. A long sea-embankment traversed, with many fine villas on the left, and pleasant view over the Tay on the right; Taybank, Craigie, and Claypots Castle, left; Broughty Ferry Station, Paragraph 3 ..1153 Paragraph Road to Murroes, left; Feus, right; Car- miles.......... It 1153. BROUGHTY FERRY is a small sea-port, a great railway thoroughfare, and a fashionable watering-place. consists of two parts, Broughty Ferry proper and West Ferry; includes the keep of a strong old castle; contains a post office under Dundee, a banking office, a good hotel, and four places of worship; and is adjoined by several splendid mansions. The castle was built in 1496, by Lord Gray; made considerable figure in the wars of the next century; resisted, at one time, a siege of three years' duration; passed afterwards into neglect and demolition; and is at present under a course of refortification, ....1158 Parsgraph Station, 16 miles......1159 Parkhill and Kinblyth- Perth, left; Lunan at a cost of £7000. The Episcopalian Church is a handsome edifice of 1859, in the Gothic style, after a design by Gilbert Scott of London. Dr. Thomas Dick, the "Christian Philosopher," lived many years, and died, in Broughty Ferry; and a monument to him was erected here in 1860, consisting of an obelisk of polished granite, 14 feet high, on a symmetrical pedestal. The population of the town at the census of 1851 was 2782; and it sometimes rises, in the bathing season, to about 5000. Claypots Castle, about a mile to the north-west, is a heavy pile of the 16th century, popularly but erroneously ascribed to Cardinal Beaton. MONIFIETH-ARBROATH. 389 1154. MONIFIETH village, adjacent | latter 13 mile south-west, are fishing vilto the station, sprang from a Culdee cell, lages, with jointly about 450 inhabitants. and contains a Parish Church, a Free Kelly Castle, on a high rock at the side Church, and about 320 inhabitants. of Elliot Water, 23 miles north of EastLaws Hill, 1 mile to the north, 530 feet | haven, is a picturesque old fortalice, unhigh, is crowned by vestiges of a vitrified fort, and commands an extensive view. Laws House, a modern florid edifice, taking name from the hill, is the seat of James Neish, Esq.; and Linlathen House, further south, on Dighty Water, is the seat of Thomas Erskine, Esq. Dighty Water has an east-south-easterly run of 13 miles to the sea, midway between Broughty Ferry and Monifieth; and contains trout and a few salmon. 1155. BARRY village has a parish church and about 220 inhabitants. Buddon-ness, a low, sandy headland, southward from the village, flanks the north side of the entrance of the Frith of Tay, and is crowned by two lighthouses. Downie Hill, at a point 2 miles north-west of Barry, bears aloft the "Live and let live Testimonial," a cylindrical column 105 feet high, erected in 1839 in honour of the late Lord Panmure. Another height, 12 mile further north-west, is crowned by Affleck Castle, a nearly entire old feudal fortalice. Camustane Hill, in the same neighbourhood, bears an ornamented stone cross, supposed to mark the scene of a victory over the Danes in 1020. A locality near Affleck Castle contains interesting extensive works for supplying Dundee with water. 1156. CARNOUSTIE has a key post office, two inns, four places of worship, and about 1350 inhabitants. Panbride Church, three-quarters of a mile northeast of it, is a cruciform Gothic edifice of 1851. Panmure House, the seat of Lord Panmure, 3 miles north-west of Carnoustie, and 2 north-east of the Panmure Testimonial, is a very spacious and splendid renovation of 1855, after a design by Bryce of Edinburgh, and encases a massive previous edifice. 1157. EASTHAVEN and Westhaven, the former adjacent to the station, the inhabited, but scarcely ruinous. Elliot Water runs 7 miles east-south-eastward to the sea 1 mile from Arbroath, and was long noted for peculiarly fine trout. Gwynd and Cononsyth, in the upper part of its basin, are fine mansions. 1158. THE BELL ROCK, 12 miles south by east of Arbroath, is a dangerous reef, alternately covered and revealed by the tide. A tradition says that a bell was hung upon it by the abbots of Arbroath, so suspended as to be rung by the waves, and serving to warn mariners of their danger; and this tradition is adopted by Dr. Southey in his ballad of "Ralph the Rover.' A light-house now stands on the reef, 115 feet high, built in 1807-11, at a cost of £60,000, showing a revolving light visible at the distance of 14 nautical miles, and containing two bells rung by machinery during thick weather. 1159. ARBROATH is a sea-port, a manufacturing town, and a parliamentary burgh. It contains some good streets, and has recently been much extended and improved, yet does not display an architectural character proportionate to its importance or size. The Town Hall, built in 1806, is a neat edifice. The Market Place, erected in 1856, at a cost of about £5000, is ornamental. A steeple, added to the Parish Church in 1830, is a handsome Gothic structure 152 feet high. The Episcopalian Chapel, built in 1854, is an elegant Gothic edifice with a spire. The Erskine United Presbyterian Church, the Arbroath Academy, and two or three other public buildings, have a pleasing appearance. The ruins of the Tyronensian Abbey, founded in 1178, by William the Lion, are extensive and imposing. This was one of the largest and richest monasteries in Scotland, and stood within an area of 1150 feet by 706, surrounded by |