not usually seen in antique Busts. (Visconti, p. 2.) There is a marble Bust of this Emperor at the Capitol, and a head on the gems of the Palais Royal. (Tom. ii. pl. 50.) This head has a singular crest on the helmet, apparently a dog's or wolf's head, terminating in an undulatory train of horse hair. By the way, the appearances on some coins have produced a strange opinion, that there were four Gordians, of which see Histoire des quatre Gordiens, Par. 1695, 12mo. Historia trium Gordianorum, of Cuper, 1697, 12mo. and Spanheim de us. et præst. Num. tom. ii. Diss. xi. p. 243, seq. But the coins of Gordian Pius have mostly AUG.; the others AUGG.; and if AUG. sometimes occurs with the others, they have then the adjunct of AFR. A III. BACCHUS AND ARIADNE. bas relief. Bacchus and his fair companion, crowned with vine leaves, each holding a thyrsus, are carried upon two cars, drawn by Centaurs. Among the accessory figures, executed with very elaborate skill, is a little Fawn, mounted upon the croupe of the Centaur, who offers him drink from a horn or Rhyton. The medallion in the middle contains the busts of two Romans, whose ashes are deposited in this tomb. The head-dress of the woman is in the costume of the third century of the Christian æra. Thus Visconti, p. 3. This marble of fers room for some important remarks. The most curious fact concerning statues of Bacchus is, according to Winckelman, their representa tion of the second species of ideal youth, borrowed from the form of eunuchs, i. e. mixed features of both sexes; limbs of effeminate round con tour, and the salient haunches of fe males. This be ascribes to Bacchus having been brought up in the habits of a girl, and refers to Apollodor. Bibl. 3. p. 85. b.; Plin. 36, 4.; Senec. Edip. v. 419. The cone of the pine at the end of the thyrsus has been hitherto unexplained." In all parts of Greece (says M. Chateaubriand, Trav. 194.) it is more or less customary to infuse the cones of the pine in the wine vats, and thus communicate to the liquor a bitter and aromatic taste. To this custom, as I presume, of ancient origin, is owing the consecration of the cone of the pine to Bacchus." As to the car, Beger and Buonarota have published cars of Bacchus (one dicta sunt de centauris, significare IV. DOMITIAN. A Colossal Bust, He is in a from the Villa Albani. cuirass, crowned with laurel. (Visconti, p. 3.) Portraits of this Emperor are very rare, because the Senate ordered his statues to be destroyed. There are only two known, even at Rome; one a fine head at the Capitol; the other a statue, at the Guistiniani Palace, which is also in a cuirass. Thus Winckelman. Mongez (Rec. d'Antiq. p. 15.) mentions a naked heroic statue at the Villa Aldobrandini; another from the Villa Albani in the French Museum; and a portrait on a gem of the Florentine Collection, i. pl. 10. No. 2. (To be continued.) Mr. URBAN, Colchester, Feb. 3. Native last Number of your inteanswer to Mr. Lawrence's inquiry resting Miscellany, p. 22, having occasion lately to ride over to Tolleshunt Knights, I requested permission to see the Church. The only object I found worth notice was the ancient Monument in the North wall, which attracted the attention of your correspondent, and has continued in his recollection from the year 1761. The tomb has suffered much from damp and the decay of time; but the Knight, though not entirely destroyed, has undergone the most mischievous mutilation his arms, legs, and sword, have been wantonly broken off: the two canine animals are gone: his nose is chipped off: and what remains of the figure, is sadly defaced by some who have, it is supposed, improperly amused themselves during the hours of divine service, in engraving their names upon its venerable trunk. : The story related by your Correspondent respecting the combat with his Satanic Majesty is still traditionary at Tolleshunt Knights. Yours, &c. W. W. FRANCIS. *+* The Drawing and Account of Staveley Church were safely received. 17. [ 137 ] REVIEW OF NEW PUBLICATIONS. The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester; compiled from original Evidences in Public Offices, the Harleian and Cottonian MSS. parochial Registers, private Muniments, unpublished MS Collections of successive Cheshire Antiquaries, and a personal Survey of every Township in the County; incorporated with a Republication of King's Vale Royal, and Leycester's Cheshire Antiquities. By George Ormerod, LL.D. F. R. S. and F. S. A. Three Volumes Folio. Lackington and Co. HESE splendid Volumes THE are highly creditable to the abilities, the good taste, and the patient industry of the Author. Nor are they less so to the liberality of the Publishers, and to the skill and attention of the Artists. The "History of Cheshire" (and more especially the Large Paper copies) may fairly come into competition with the proudest specimens either of English or Foreign Typography; and the numerous Embellishments are in the firstrate style of eminence. They consist of one hundred and ninety-four Engravings on copper and on wood, exclusive of no less than three bundred and fifty-seven Armorial subjects, which are attached to the Pedigrees. The dispatch, also, and the regularity, with which the several portions have been completed, deserve commendation. Though Cheshire may be said to have been hitherto without a regular Topographical Historian, several pub. lications have prepared the way for this. more complete Work. The "Vale Royal" of Master William Smith, published by Daniel King; the "Historical Collections" of Sir Peter Leycester; the "Natural History" of Dr. Leigh; and the "Magna Britannia" of Messrs. Lysons, have proved an excellent ground-work for Mr. Ormerod; who has very ably incorporated with them the great variety of MS Collections of Dr. Gower and Dr. Latham; superadding an amazing mass in the British Museum, and other public depositories; with his own important researches, and the communications of many distinguish GENT. MAG. February, 1820. ed Antiquarian friends. All these are duly and handsomely acknowledged in the Preface. After an enumeration of the va rious sources of information which have enabled Mr. Ormerod to" toil through his long and arduous undertaking," he adds, "The Publick are entitled to an account of the manner in which they have been brought to bear upon the present Work. It is with regret that the Author is compelled to speak so long of himself and his labours, but the egotism is unavoidable. "A considerable portion of the district described in the following Work has been familiar to the Author from childhood, and from an early period he has amused himself with collecting documents relative to its genealogical antiquities. He had formed an intention of pursuing the subject with a view to publication in 1809 (as already mentioned), but this measure was first positively decided upon in 1813. From that time to the present his hours have been dedicated to the pursuit with little intermission. The County has been examined in the summer and autumn from the central points of his own residence at Chorlton, and that of a near relative at Bradwall, and the winter and spring have been devoted to researches among the Harl. MSS. and the other literary treasures of the public repositories in the metropolis. "All of the foregoing documents to which he has had access, or which have been lent to him, have been made to bear upon the subject, but the principal outline of his arrangement was as follows: "The basis of the manerial history consisted of the extracts from Domesday, and the first grants of the Earls or of their greater tenants, from which the fines and Inquisitions, with the aid of the Villare Cestriense, brought down a tolerably clear descent to the time when they connect with existing title deeds. Nearly all the manerial proprietors, or their agents, were in their turn requested to supply the necessary continuations, and the instances are very few in which the request was not complied with, though, as might be obviously expected, with various degrees of precision. "The immense fund of genealogical evidence already mentioned, the later entries of the Randle Holmes in Harl. MSS. 2119, 2138 2153, and 2161, and the pedigree rolls of existing families, rendered the extensive portion of the Work which relates to this subject, an undertaking of less labour than would be imagined; where these failed the parochial registers were examined, and in many instances were searched through from beginning to end. "The documents which have elucidated the ecclesiastical department have been already enumerated. The antient monu ments are given from a most valuable MS. (Harl. MSS. 2151) consisting of church notes taken at the close of the sixteenth and the beginning of the following century, and all the accounts of the present churches, and of existing monuments, were written on the spot, and the printed copy set up from the original notes so written. The only exceptions to this consist of the church notes of Sale, furnished by the Rev. I. T. Allen, and those of Malpas and Iscoyd, taken by Archdeacon Churton, whose well-known accuracy rendered a new copy unnecessary. "The Author can also positively state that every township was personally visited by himself, and many of them repeatedly; that every existing object described (unless otherwise mentioned) was seen by his own eyes, and that his notes were either taken on the spot in the words in which they appear in the printed Work, or the descriptions re-written in a very few days subsequent to his visits, but this mode of transcription was very rarely adopted, from a wish to avoid the possibility of multiplying clerical errors. "Such have been the efforts of the Author to give as perfect a form as his humble powers enabled him to the Work which he now submits with diffidence to the censure or approval of the Publick; and although the incessant labour of six years, devoted to the extension and correction of previous collections, has been exclusively directed to the attainment of all possible accuracy, he is perfectly aware that, on a subject involving such a multiplicity of minute facts and dates, perfect exactness never was attained and never will be attainable. Errors, neither inconsiderable in number or importance, are to be found in the copies and abstracts of original documents which the collectors of former days have left, and other misstatements have crept into the returns of existing families, in some cases from unavoidable oversight, in many from inattention, and in a very few from wilfulness, from an anxiety to aggrandize family importance, or to conceal unavoidable blemishes. In reducing these documents to connected narratives, compilers have multiplied original mistakes tenfold: many of these have doubtless been corrected; but the Author must also fear that he often in his turn may have erred in his conceptions of the subjects; and that further clerical errors must have occasionally occurred in committing these conceptions to paper; and he is aware that the Press has in many cases added others of its own, although he is bound to acknowledge the extreme care and attention with which the correction of it was superintended by Mr. Bentley, and his conviction that the immense complication of dates and figures put such occasional errors beyond all possible means of prevention. Still, however, whilst he makes this candid avowal, he fully trusts that such unavoidable inaccuracies are as few as the nature of the Work can possibly admit of. No labour or expence has been spared in the amassing of materials; every nerve has been strained to ensure the most fastidious exactness in the statements; and though his judgment may and must have sometimes erred, he can conscientiously asseverate, that in every case his opinion (humble as it is) has been given as scrupulously to the best of his belief and knowledge, as if his verdict had been required in a matter of judicial importance. "With this statement he takes his leave of the Publick, and if,-trusting to the importance of his subject, and not to any merit of his own in treating of it,― he may presume to hope that his name will, for some generations at least, be included in the honourable list of those whose lives have been dedicated to illustrating the antiquities of the proverbial mother of "THE CHIEF OF MEN" the CHESHIRE PALATINATE, his anxious toils and imperfect services will have had an ample reward.". Among the many valuable articles in these Volumes, the extensive Parish of Malpas is one of the most have much conspicuous; and we pleasure in extracting from it some excellent biographical notices: "Reginald Heber, M. A. previously Fellow of Brazenose College, Oxford, was presented by William Drake, esq. in exchange for Chelsea with Mr. Drake's brother, Dr. Thomas Drake, of Amersham. He was the second son of Thomas Heber, esq. of Marton Hall, in Yorkshire, where he was born, Sept. 4, 1718. From Manchester School, he was entered a commoner of Brazenose College, Oxford, March 4, 1747, and was chosen Fellow, Nov. 15, 1753. In July 1766, on the decease of his brother without issue male, the Vernon estate at Hodnet in Shropshire, devolved to him, as did also the family estate in Yorkshire in 1803, on the death of his brother's widow, Mrs. Heber, of Weston, in Northamptonshire. "Dec. 5, 1820.] Review of New Publications. "Dec. 5, 1766, he was inducted into the valuable living of Chelsea, which had several years before been purchased for him by his brother, and another kind relative. In 1770, as has been said, he exchanged this living for Malpas, where he built an excellent new rectorial house on a new site, commanding a most extensive view of Flintshire and Denbighshire, and some other counties. Mr. Heber married April 15, 1773, Mary, third daughter and co-heiress of Martin Baylie, M. A. rector of Kelsal and Wrentham, in Suffolk, who died in January following, leaving him an infant son, Richard Heber, esq. now of Hodnet and Marton, and M.A. of Brazenose College. He married to his second wife, July 30, 1782, Mary, eldest daughter of Cuthbert Allanson, D.D. rector of Wath in Yorkshire, by whom he had Reginald Heber, M.A. a commoner of Brazenose College, Oxford, afterward fellow of All Souls College, and now rector of Hodnet; Thomas Cuthbert Heber, M.A. third son, fellow of Brazenose, who died in 1816; and one daughter, Mary. "Mr. Heber died Jan. 10, 1804. He has an elegant copy of English verses, in the Oxford Verses on the King's Accession, published in 1762, but without his name; "An Elegy written among the Tombs in Westminster Abbey :" printed for Dodsley; inserted also, but without his knowledge, in Pearch's Collection. "His eldest son, Richard Heber, well known in the literary world, and described under the character of Atticus in the "Bibliomania" of Dibdin, edited in early life an elegant edition of Silius Italicus.His second son, Reginald, is author of the Bampton Lectures of 1815, of three compositions which successively obtained the University Prize-" Carmen Seculare," "Palestine," and an "Essay on the Sense of Honour ;" and of several minor poetical productions which have been published collectively." Of the Rev. Dr. Thomas Townson a good biographical sketch is given, from materials communicated by Mr. Archdeacon Churton. Having extracted in vol. LXX. i. page 48, an abridged account of Mr. Churton's Memoir of Dr. Townson, when reviewing his valuable edition of that eminent Divine's Works, we shall content ourselves, on the present occasion, with giving his Epitaph : "Ou a plain white marble slab, against the South wall of the chancel: The Reverend Thomas Townson, D.D. Archdeacon of Richmond, whose remains are interred, as he directed, near the North wall of the churchyard, was sometime Fellow of St. Mary Magdalen College, Oxford, 139 was fervent without enthusiasm, inexhaustible, yet studiously concealed; We take one more Epitaph, from a brass plate in the nave : "Heere lyeth interred the body of Standley Burroughes, gent. chiefe steward to the Right Hon'ble Robert Viscount Cholmondeley, who after a faithfull discharge of another's trust, perfected the account of his owne dayes October the 12th, in the yeare of our Lord 1653. In a note the Author adds, . "This epitaph is concise, apposite, and striking; which, tradition says, the subject of it well deserved. He took into his service a little boy, named William Povey, to give him his horse, saying, ' If (as the father feared) he is too little to bridle him, he must get into the manger. And if he is a good boy, and lives with me till I die, I will settle an annuity of 10l. a year on him for life.' A grant to that effect was accordingly made and kept in his hands, till, upon occasion of sickness, he ordered it to be given up to Povey; saying, If I die, it is his; and if I live, we shall never differ about it.' This Povey, who died in 1725, aged 94, was one of three persons employed in the Grand Rebellion to bury plate under the gravel walk at Bickley Hall (where Robert, Earl of Leinster Viscount Cholmondeley lived), and to put firkins of money into what have since, from that circumstance, been called the money pits.' Upon searching for these treasures afterwards, the plate was safe, but the money was gone. Povey used, in later life, to read Sanderson's History of the Rebellion, and weep over it, well remembering those days of trouble. Information of his daughter, Mary Betteley, who died a widow, and upwards of fourscore, in 1782.-Communicated by Archdeacon Churton.” 18. The 18. The Rawdon Papers, consisting of Letters on various Subjects, literary, political, and ecclesiastical, to and from Dr. John Bramball, Primate of Ireland. Including the Correspondence of several most eminent Men, during the greater Part of the Seventeenth Century. Faithfully printed from the Originals; and illustrated with literary and historical Notes. By the Rev. Edward Berwick, Chaplain to the Marquis of Hastings, &c. Lond. 8vo. pp. 430. Nichols and Sou. COLLECTIONS of this kind generally consist of curious illustrations of antient manners, state affairs, and latent biography. In literary character, they mingle the secresy of the private epistle with the familiar narrative of the newspaper. They furnish the Antiquary and the Historian with fortunate elucidations of obscure difficulties, and they amuse the general reader, by desultory miscellany. The Statesman and Historian may rummage and study them for instruction; the Lounger may dip into and skim over them for entertainment. In short, they form bays at the mouth of the great literary river Plata, where the larger aquatic birds can fish and dive; and the humbler martins pursue insects and refresh their wings. It must be evident to persons of common knowledge of life, that numerous incidents in History can never be explained, unless by the narrative of the parties concerned in originating the transactions. For want of such information, the most interesting things become mysteries. For instance, who knows precisely the cause of the breach between Buckingham and Richard the Third; or why Blood was pensioned by Charles II? The courtiers about the person of Elizabeth, knew that she never recovered her spirits after the decapitation of Essex: and when the curious ring-story was published, the fact of her melancholy, recorded in the private letters of a contemporary *, gives authenticity to the romantic incident, and explains the silent despair which seemed to attend her last moments. Many curious things occur in these Papers. We find that Bishops performed the office of land-stewards to their patrons. P. 17, seq. * In Harrington's "Nuge Antiquæ." Salmon formerly abounded in excess: "Upon the 27th of May, at Colerain only, they had taken 62 tuns of salmon." ▸ P. 18. Noblemen in the seventeenth century presented churches with sets of bells. Ibid. Archbishop Laud was an epicure. He complains bitterly of some Lenten presents of bad salmon and eels, and Martinmas beef, 66 as hard as the very horn the old runt wore when she lived." Pp. 47, 48. Of the state of medical knowledge, we have various amusing accounts: "Cardinal Mazarine is certainly believed to be in no condition of escaping death, because of the desperate fever, wherein be bath lain for some time, bis physicians being at last driven to this only remedu of lapping him in cow-dung, to cool the heat of his body, renewing the same every day, as often as the dung begins to P. 125. dry." Amazing storms attended the death of Cromwell, and removal of his coffin to Tyburn. P. 134. Rainy weather rendered the roads impracticable for coach-travelling. P. 134. We know that it was discussed in the Common Council of London, whether the Regent's Answer to the party Address on the Manchester business, should be styled gracious. These Letters show that the debate was founded upon ignorance of Royal etiquette. "It is unparliamentary for the King to anticipate the freedom of the votes of a House of Parliament by the prejudging any thing undebated." P. 143. Town houses, without "gardens for pleasurable retreat," were not approved in 1661. P. 156. In furnished lodgings, the lodger was to find linen and pewter, or “allow a great rate for them." Ibid. We remember that drums were beat to drown the voice of Louis XVI. when on the scaffold. M. de Santerre, the Paris brewer, has had the credit of this ingenious invention; but it appears that it was practised at the execution of Sir Harry Vane, the regicide. P. 166. We find, p. 186, a Secretary ap. pointed, who could neither write nor read, and invalids going to hot climates" in order to recover flesh." In p. 192, doctors and midwives appear |