manner and style and intention.

I think you

had a Gulliver interleaved and set right in those mangled and murdered pages. I enquired of several persons where that copy was. Some said Mr. Pilkington had it, but his wife sent me word that she could not find it. . . . To say the truth, I cannot with patience endure that mingled and mangled manner as it came from Motte's hands, and it will be extremely difficult for me to correct it by any other means, with so ill a memory and so bad a state of health." Six weeks later he wrote to the same friend: "Motte tells me he designs to print a new edition of Gulliver in quarto, with cuts and all as it was in the genuine copy. He is very uneasy about the Irish edition. All I can do is to strike out the trash in the edition to be printed here. It was to avoid offence that Motte got those alterations and insertions to be made. I suppose by Mr. Took, the clergyman deceased, so that I fear the second edition will not mend the matter further than as to literall faults. For instance, the Title of one Chapter is of the Queen's Administration, without a Prime Minister, and accordingly in the chapter it is said that she had no chief Minister &c. Besides the whole sting is absent out of several passages in order to soften them. Thus the style is debased, the humour quite lost, and the matter insipid."

This interleaved Gulliver is also in the John

Forster Library. The text as corrected in it was first printed in the Dublin edition of 1735.1

To this edition Swift prefixed the Letter from Captain Gulliver to his Cousin Sympson written in the Year 1727. It is likely enough that the letter really was written at that time in the expectation that Motte would make use of it. At all events it is clear that the author wished his readers to know that he was now giving them the text as it originally stood. In this letter he says: "I do not remember I gave you power to consent that anything should be omitted, and much less that anything should be inserted: Therefore, as to the latter, I do here renounce everything of that kind, particularly a paragraph about her majesty Queen Anne, of most pious and glorious memory, although I did reverence and esteem her more than any of the human species. But you, or your interpolator, ought to have considered that, as it was not my inclination, so was it not decent to praise any animal of our composition before my master Houyhnhnm; and besides the fact was altogether false; for to my knowledge, being in England during some part of her majesty's reign, she did govern by a chief minister; nay, even by two successively; the first whereof was the Lord of Godolphin, and the

An addition to the Voyage to Lapula was apparently overlooked. It was first printed in Mr. George A. Aitken's appendix to the edition of Gulliver's Travels published in 1896 by Messrs. J. M. Dent & Co.

second the Lord of Oxford, so that you have made me say the thing that was not."

Ford, in his letter to Motte, speaking of the same paragraph, had said: "It is plainly false in Fact, since all the World knows that the Queen during her whole Reign governed by one first Minister or other. Neither do I find the Author to be anywhere given to Flattery or indeed very favourable to any Prince or Minister whatsoever." The Rev. Mr. Took had flattered the Queen in the title of Chapter VI. of Part IV., which had originally stood: "A Continuation of the State of England; The Character of a first or chief Minister of State in

European Courts." In the first edition this had been changed into: "A Continuation of the State of England; so well governed by a Queen as to need no first Minister. The Character of such an

one in some European Courts." In the Chapter itself a page and a half had been inserted which Swift directed the printer to blot out. Motte had not even dared to print the famous passage correctly where Swift laughs at the orders of the Garter, Bath and Thistle. The three fine silken threads with which the Emperor of Lilliput rewarded the agility of his courtiers, instead of being blue, red and green, were in the first edition purple, yellow and white.

This was the second time that the Archbishop of Dublin by his recovery "disappointed some hopers." Three years earlier than the date of the letter in the

text, the Primate Boulter had written to the Duke of Newcastle: "The Archbishop of Dublin has of late been very ill. I think his Majesty's service absolutely requires that whenever he drops the place be filled with an Englishman." He recovered enough from this second attack to vex Swift, who, writing to him on May 18th of this year about "the visitation of the Dean and Chapter," said: "I see very well how personal all this proceeding is; and how, from the very moment of the Queen's death, your Grace has thought fit to take every opportunity of giving me all sorts of uneasiness, without ever giving me, in my whole life, one single mark of your favour beyond common civilities. . . . Neither my age, health, humour or fortune qualify me for little brangles; but I will hold to the practice delivered down by my predecessors." To Dr. Sheridan he wrote on June 24th about the same matter : "I will spend a hundred or two pounds rather than be enslaved, or betray a right which I do not value threepence, but my successors may."

XLVII.

DUBLIN. Nour 23rd 1727.

S-I have yours of the 15th instant, wherein you tell me that upon my last leaving Ireland, you supposed I would return no more, which was probable enough, for I was nine weeks very ill in

England, both of Giddyness and Deafness, which latter being an unconversable disorder I thought it better to come to a place of my own, than be troublesome to my Friends, or live in a lodging; and this hastened me over, and by a hard Journy I recovered both my Aylments. But if you imagined me to have any favor at Court you were much mistaken or misinformed. It is quite otherwise at least among the Ministry. Neither did I ever go to Court, except when I was sent for and not always then. Besides my illness gave me too good an excuse the last two months.

I

As to Politicks; in Engl" it is hard to keep out of them, and here it is a shame to be in them, unless by way of Laught' [Laughter] and ridicule, for both which my tast is gone. suppose there will be as much mischief as Interest, folly, ambition and Faction can bring about, but let those who are younger than I look to the consequences. The publick is an old tattred House but may last as long as my lease in it, and therefore like a true Irish tenant I shall consider no further.

I wish I had some Retirement two or three miles from this Town, to amuse my self, as you do, with planting much, but not as you do, for I would build very little. But I cannot thing of a remote Journey