by this principle, he was merely thinking, we believe, of the improper treatment of Federal prisoners by the Southerners, and he stated a policy of reprisal far in advance of the facts in order to point the culmination to which the maltreatment of prisoners led, and by this means to awaken the Southerners to the frightful gravity of the practices which had occurred in some military prisons. A man must be judged by his whole character, the spirit in which his policy is framed, and the context in which his intentions are announced. Nothing inclines us to believe that Lincoln would have taken the life of an innocent man because of the fault of some other persons beyond the reach of punishment. Everything he ever did and ever said compels us to believe the exact contrary. He was in a continual state of disputation with his generals because he wanted to beg off meneven proved spies and traitors and cowards-who had been condemned to death by Courts-Martial. No one was ever killed with Lincoln's consent as a reprisal. After the war a Southerner with a German name was hanged by the Federals for cruelty to Federal prisoners, and another would probably have been hanged if it had been possible to catch him. But it may be said that if Lincoln even went so far as to assert the principle of reprisals, though with no intention of putting it into practice, we might successfully do the same. We do not agree in any shape or form. Lincoln knew his countrymen in the South; we know the Germans. The Germans, as we have found, stop at no horror, and we should be compelled, if we acted upon our word, to proceed from penalty to penalty in the competition till we reached a point beyond which we could not pass. In a competition in barbarism with Germany we should be beaten every time. The German authorities who killed Miss Cavell would not hesitate to kill women.

Is it conceivable that we could respond? Can it be supposed that British officers would lead a German woman, who had never harmed anyone in her life, out of a British detention camp, place her against a wall and shoot her? It is, of course, quite unthinkable. The rifles would drop from the hands of the firing party. When the competition had proceeded for some time we should desist, having achieved nothing but the sacrifice of some innocent lives and our own degradation. Knowing the Germans as we do, we recognize that if we gave them the chance they would certainly force us to such a competition in barbarity—justly confident that our reprisals would soon break down-if they thought it would serve even a minor point in their policy. Where State interests were concerned they would regard it as a duty not to consider the lives of their own people here. Everyone must perceive what reprisals against Germany would mean. Therefore we say that for anyone who knows what Lincoln's life was to cite his sanction for the kind of policy that is now proposed against Germany is an outrage.

He

Mr. Asquith took the right line in saying in the House of Commons, that we should do our best to punish the German criminals, "whoever they might be and whatever their station." distinguished very properly between the authors and the agents of the crimes. The men who actually committed the crimes may be angels of light compared with the men who imagined and ordered them. "By God, the men that did the deed were braver men than they!" As regards other reprisals, there are several possible ones which are not open to any moral objection. It has been suggested that there should be a decree of non-intercourse between the Allies and Germany for a definite period. Again-here the proposal has the advantage of being an immediate reprisal

-it has been suggested that we should confiscate German property in Britain. We do not know what the balance of German property here is over British property in Germany. If the balance is heavily enough against the Germans, confiscation might be advisable. It is a question of expediency rather than of ethics. We should not ourselves hope for very much from the plan, but at least it would be open to the German Government to compensate their own people for losses. There can be no compensation for the loss of a man's The Spectator.

life or health, if that should be the outcome of reprisals. It is odious that the crime of one man should be visited on another who is innocent. We do not say that all reprisals should be ruled out in the unprecedented conditions which German crime has created, but at least let us inflict no suffering that is not remediable. Let us put our hands to nothing that is in itself base and degrading. We should have nothing against our name that does not match the fairness of our

cause.

Robert B. Cridland's "Practical Landscape Gardening," published by the A. T. De La Mare Printing and Publishing Co., New York, is accurately described in its title. It covers all the details of the subject, the planning of the estate, the locating of the house, the arrangement of walks and drives, the construction of lawns and terraces, the laying out of the flower garden, the architectural features of the garden, rose gardens and rock gardens and hardy borders, and all the rest, and it brings all these possibilities and delights before the eye in a wealth of illustrations.

Under the title "Modern Germany in Relation to the Great War," Mitchell Kennerley publishes a translation of the much-discussed collection of essays published in Germany last year, entitled Deutschland und der Weltkrieg. These essays, twenty-one in number, were, with one exception, written by professors in German and Austrian universities, treating of different subjects, but written with the single aim of explaining and defending the German policy before and during the war. Whoever wants an exhaustive German apologia will find it in this book.

"Blackfeet Tales of Glacier National Park" by James Willard Schultz,

(Houghton Mifflin Company) is a genuine frontier book, written by a genuine frontiersman. The author, in his youth, was adopted by the Blackfeet tribe, married an Indian maiden, and for years fought and hunted with the tribe. He seized the opportunity afforded by a recent visit to his former comrades, now encamped in Glacier Park, to collect some of their most interesting and characteristic legends. These, fifteen or more in number, he tells in a simple and direct fashion, stringing them on a thread of personal experience and reminiscence. The book makes a double appeal, to lovers of adventure, and to students of Indian life and character; and twenty full page illustrations, from photographs by R. W. Reed, add greatly to its interest.

Miss Amanda M. Douglas continues her history of the eight Firth boys and girls, their mother and stepfather with "The Red House Children Growing Up," in which something good happens to every one of them. Two weddings, a procession of bad servants, and an attempted robbery supply as much adventure as any reasonable child can ask in a family story. Miss Isabel Hornibrook's "Girls of the MorningGlory Camp-Fire" tells of outdoor

girls of the new pattern modeled on the Boy-Scout plan, developing their bodies and souls together and steadily striving towards the best things in conduct and character. Some real knowledge of Indians and their ways is introduced here and there, with suggestions for pleasant games and "dressing up," and both books are excellently illustrated. Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co.

Fourth and last to appear in the Blue Bonnet Series is "Blue Bonnet Keeps House" by C. E. Jacobs and Lela Horn Richards. In this book Blue Bonnet resumes her course at Miss North's school in Boston, but invests in a home in Brookline which becomes the center around which her devoted relatives and friends and protégés gather. The plot is Blue Bonnet's search for the facts about the parentage of Gabriel, the unfortunate boy whom she adopted in the previous book of the series, and her success in finding them. The incidents are characteristic of the Blue Bonnet who has already won an admiring constituency of girl readers; they are full of her frankness, generosity, sunniness and tender-heartedness. Blue Bonnet's is a world of "things as they ought to be" not of things as they unfortunately too often are. The sentiment of all the stories, however, is so wholesome and strong that they escape the taint of over-goodness. The books are thoroughly well-written, never thin nor padded, and true always to human nature. The Page Company.

Susan Clegg has so long been the friend of a multitude of readers that the happy ending of "Susan Clegg and Her Love Affairs" will give them as much genuine pleasure as if she were a real being instead of the creation of the late Anne Warner. That she is no more when the story closes will trouble nobody, because speaking in the Clegg dialect, she is certainly better off.

That the gentleman who relieves her of her patronymic is undoubtedly a burglar is a trifle, for at their first meeting, he fully acquainted her with. his little eccentricity, and, as he is master of the secret of making her hold her tongue for five consecutive hours, any rational person must see that he is really a great man. The happily named Jathrop Lathrop returns from his wanderings with a companion in many ways shocking to Susan, and is the subject of some grave misunderstandings, all the funnier because of their intense seriousness and their general acceptation. Those who were somewhat scandalized by Susan's therapeutics in the case of her father will be reconciled to her policy when they discover that he was really a monster of hypocritical deceit and they will sympathize heartily with her sufferings as recorded in H. M. Brett's frontispiece. She continues her old custom of carrying on both sides of a conversation; and it is evident that she will be the same Susan to the end. She has been mistaken for an imitation of more than one English model, but she is purely American, and although a thoroughly disagreeable figure, she will live longer than many more lovable creations. Anne Warner's work, taken as a whole, is a remarkable example of what may be accomplished by an author who attempts nothing beyond her powers, and is not satisfied with anything less than her best. From certain hints in this last book one infers that she was occasionally reproached by those who fancied that they were the characters whom she portrayed in her books, and the finely satirical turn which she gives to this circumstance is one of her best strokes. She was at the zenith of her powers when she died and fortunate is the author who never, like Thackeray, knows the sorrow of saying, "What a genius I had when I wrote that!" Little, Brown and Co.

OF MICH

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The

whose fine steel steamers, "Cape Ann and "City of Gloucester." leave north side Central Wharf, foot of State Street, every day. (For hours see daily papers.) route lies along the historic North Shore, passing points of great interest, and Gloucester is reached about noon with time for luncheon and sight-seeing before taking the return steamer. There is much in the picturesque old seaport to interest visitors. The great fishing industries, the quaint streets, the wharves, all attract the sight-seer

By all means, take the sail to Gloucester

Commonwealth Hotel

(Incorporated)

Opposite State House, Boston, Mass.

Offers room with hot and cold water for $1.00 per day, which includes free use of public shower baths

Nothing to Equal This in New England

Rooms with private bath for $1.50 per day; suites of two rooms and bath for $4 per day.

ABSOLUTELY FIREPROOF

Temperance Hotel

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STORER F. CRAFTS. Gen. Mgr.