Amphilochius, Bp of Iconium, his time and works, ii. 472; Anatolius, præfect of Illyricum in the time of Constantius, Andrew, Bp of Cæsarea in Cappadocia, his time and com- Angels, an opinion of many of the ancient Christians con- Annas and Caiaphas, high-priests, i. 209 Anonymous author of the second epistle ascribed to Clement Anonymous author of Quaestiones et Responsiones et ortho- Anonymous author of the Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas, Anonymous author in praise of Martyrdom, ii. 33 Anonymous author against the Novatian Heretic, ii. 34 Antipodes, denied by Lactantius, ii. 277; believed by Antonia, widow of Drusus, her excellent character, i. 128 Arrius Antoninus, proconsul of Asia, how he treated the Apelles, a follower of Marcion, i. 431, 445; ii. 493; his Apocalypse of Elijah, ii. 562 Anonymous author of Rebaptizing, or of the Baptism of Apocryphal, equivalent to spurious, i. 476 Heretics, ii. 36 Anonymous author of a Computation of Easter, ii. 39 Anonymous author of a tract concerning the true circum- Anonymous anthor of a book in verse against the Marcionites, Anonymous author of the Acts of Saturninus and others, Anonymous Arian author of a commentary upon the book of Anonymous Arian author of a discourse in Augustine's works, Anonymous author of a History of the Manichees, ii. 148 digested under various heads; quoted, iii. 112 Anonymous writer against the Christians at the beginning of Anthimus, Bp of Nicomedia, his martyrdom, ii. 110, 113 Antichrist, opinions concerning him, ii. 73, 94 Antioch, Bishops of that church from the apostles to Theo- APOCRYPHAL BOOKS, not quoted by the apostolical fathers; books of the New Testament now generally received, Apollinaris (Claudius) Bp of Hierapolis in Phrygia, i. 439 to 441 Apollinarius, Bp of Laodicea in Syria, his time and family, Apollonius, a stoic philosopher, in the time of M. Antoninus, Apollonius, or Apollonides, reckoned among the followers of. Apollonius Tyanaus, set up by Hierocles as a rival with our Apostles, sometimes used in a lower sense, as equivalent to APOSTLES, had the largest measure of the gifts of the spirit, 554; their just sentiments, and excellent philosophy, Apostolical constitutions and canons. See Constitutions. Apostolical men, known companions of apostles, (such as Apostolicon of Marcion, consisted of ten of the epistles of Apostolics, i. 588 Appeals, made to Rome from the provinces, i. 129 Appion; author of a treatise upon the six day's work, i. 413 Apthonius, a learned Manichee, ii. 152 Apuleius, of Madaura in Africa, his time and works, iv. 107; Aquila and Priscilla, their history, iii. 278, 279 Aquila, author of a Greek version of the Old Testament in Aram, who meant by that name, ii. 527 Arator, his work entitled Apostolical history, in verse, com- Archelaus, Bp in Mesopotamia, a work ascribed to him, Aretas, successor of Obodas, king of Arabia, i. 151 Aristides, a letter of Africanus to him, concerning the dif- Aristides (Elius) the sophist, his time and works, iii. 156, Aristobulus, a Jewish writer, mentioned by Anatolius, and Arianism, compared to heathenism; i. 626; said to be the Arians, persecute the Novatians, ii. 54; many of them dis- i. 362. iv. 86, 88, 89; whether he was favoured with the gifts of the Spirit? 91 Audians, followers of Audius, of Mesopotamia, their history and sentiments, ii. 411, 412 ibid.; their want of moderation, 308, 309; said to be great persecutors, 399; the cruelty of a persecution raised by them, iii. 27; not allowed to be Christians by Athanasius, ii. 399; their writers, 311 to 321; free remarks upon their conduct in the time of Constantius, iv. 374 Arius, his letter to Eusebius of Nicomedia quoted, ii. 115; makes mention of the Manichees, 148; his history, 303, 305; his works, 305, 306; his character, 306; his opinions, 307; his and his follower's testimony to the scriptures, 309, 310; excommunicated by the council of Nice, and banished by Constantine, 350 Arnobius, his history, work, and time, iii. 244 to 247; his character, 247, 248; select passages from him, 248 to 252; his testimony to the scriptures, 253 10 255; a fine saying of his, 363 Arnobius, author of a commentary upon the Psalms, ii. 247, 255, 256 Arnold (Godfrey) his history of all Heresies, ii. 179 Arrian, who published the Enchiridion, and discourses of Epictetus, his time and character, iv. 47 to 49. Artemon, or Artemas, and his followers; an anonymous author against them, i. 485; they received the scriptures, 486 to 488. iv. 658; charges against them as corrupters. of the scriptures, weakened and confuted, i. 486 to 488; their sentiment the same as that of Paul of Samosata, 485, 625. Artemas, mentioned by Methodius, ii. 105; the time when he lived, iv. 659; believed Christ was a mere man, born of a virgin, 658 Ascension of Moses, an apocryphal book, how mentioned by Origen, i. 541, 557 Ascension of Isaiah, an apocryphal book, how mentioned by Jerom, ii. 562. See Isaiah Asclepiades, Bp of Antioch after Serapion, i. 493 Asclepiodotus, or Asclepiades, reckoned among the followers of Artemon, i. 486, 487 Asiarchs, or chief men of Asia, who they were, i. 91 Asseman (Jos.) commended, ii. 480, 488, 490 Assessment, the nature of a Roman assessment, i. 142, 143; sometimes made in the territories of dependent princes, 149 to 151; there was an assessment made in Judea, at the time of our Saviour's birth, 140, 141, and 151 to 156; objections against that supposition considered, 156 to 160 Asterius Urbanus, author of a work against the Montanists, his history, i. 489, 490; his charity and moderation, 491; his testimony to the books of the New Testament, 490, 491 Asterius, an Arian author, his history and works, ii. 313; Marcellus of Ancyra wrote against him, 396 Asturius, a Roman senator, and a Christian, who buried in an honourable manner the body of Marinus, a martyr, in the time of Gallienus, iv. 199 Athanasian Creed, considered, v. 310, 311 Athanasius, Bp of Alexandria, his time, ii. 398; select passages from him, 399; his bitterness against the Arians, ibid.; condemns persecution, iv. 498, 499; his testimony to the scriptures, ii. 399; received all the books of the New Testament, which are commonly received now, and no other, 299 to 403; a bible sent by him to the emperor Constans, 402; the Synopsis of sacred scripture ascribed to him, not his, 403, 405; extracts out of it, for shewing the writer's testimony to the scriptures, 403 to 405; the truth of Athanasius's account of Meletius and his followers, disputed, ii. 129, 130; his catalogue of the books of the Old Testament, iii. 544; Julian's great enmity to him, iv. 343 to 345; quoted, v. 387 note 2, 408 note Athenagoras, an apologist for the Christian religion in the time of M. Antoninus, his history, works, and testimony to the scriptures, i. 377 to 381 Athenians, their character, i. 105, 106 Athenodorus, brother of Gregory, Bishop of Neocæsarea, i. 597, 6οι Attalus, native of Pergamus, one of the martyrs at Lyons, Auditors, among the Manichees, an account of them, ii. 156 to 158; needed purification after death, 198; their misery, 236 Augustan Writers, six in number, an account of them, iv. 250, 251 Augustine, Bp of Hippo Regius in Africa, his character of the Sibylline oracles, i. 420, 455; how long he was with the Manichees, ii. 149; his zeal for Manichæism, 149, 150, 237; by what arguments he was misled, 185, 186; his writings against them, 145; particularly against Faustus, 152; asserted free-will against them, 147, 197; commended, 236; his fine passages, shewing the genuineness and authority of the scriptures of the New Testament, 224 to 226; his charity and moderation toward the Manichees, 236, 237; his time, 576; his character, and compared with Jerom, 576; what acquaintance he had with the Greek language, 577; his testimony to the scriptures, 578 to 597; his judicious observations upon the conduct of St. Peter and St. Paul towards Jews and Gentiles, and towards each other, iv. 231 to 233; and his good sense acknowledged, 234. See also v. 514, 517; his excellent observations upon idols and heathen deities, iv. 245, note; select passages from him, ii. 596 to 599; a passage in him amended, 596; his quotations of the work called The Philosophy of Oracles, and remarks upon them, iv. 245 to 249; his account of the treatment given to heathen people by Christian magistrates, 403, 494; the occasion of writing his large work, Of the City of God, 482; quotations from him, v. 375, note, 377, 387, referred to, 394, 427; his account of the Heretics, Adamians, iv. 575; Cerdon, 587; Leucius, 625; the Montanists, 674 Augustus, his decree in favour of the Jews in Asia and Cyrene, i. 97, 98; several computations of his reign, 194; the nature of this title of Augustus, 198; his jest upon Herod for killing his sons, 183, 184 Aurelian, his treatment of Zenobia and Longinus, iv. 203 ; his time and character, 207; how the Christians were mentioned by him in a letter to the senate of Rome, 207, 208; his conduct towards Paul of Samosata, Bp of Antioch, i. 623. iv. 208; his persecution of the Christians, 208, 209 Authentic Letters, as used by Tertullian, explained, i. 425, 426 Autolicus, a learned heathen of the second century, i. 383, to whom Theophilus, bishop of Antioch, sent his Apology for the Christian religion, iv. 113 B Babylas, Bp of Antioch, a martyr under Decius, iv. 192 Bacchanalia, prohibited by the Roman senate, i. 96 Bacchylus, Bp of Corinth, and writer in the second century, i. 445 Bagoas, an eunuch in the court of Herod the great, i. 152; bantered by Josephus, i. 153 Balduinus, (Fr.) his judicious observations upon Pliny's letter to Trajan concerning the Christians, iv. 20, 30; and upon Trajan's rescript, 30, note ; his remark upon the temper of Severus toward the Christians, 166; his observation concerning Papinian, 170, 171 Baluze (Stephen) quoted, ii. 326, 329 Baptism had its original from John, ii. 410; women not initiated among the Jews by baptism, v. 501, 502; Christian baptism, how misrepresented by Julian, 339, 340, by Zosimus, 402 Barcabbas, and Barcoph or Parcor, their prophecies were oriental books, and not forged by Basilides, iv. 556 Bar-Cepha, Moses, his time, i. 515 Barchochebas, a Jewish impostor, who set himself up for the Bardesanes, the Syrian, his age, and whether the same as the Barsalas, surnamed Justus, Acts i. 23; a miracle wrought Bar-Salibi (Dionysius) Bp of Amida in Mesopotamia; his Bartholomew (St.) said to have preached the gospel in India, Basil, Bp of Ancyra, an Arian, or Semi-Arian, his history Basil, Bp of Cæsarea, in Cappadocia, his time and works, ii. Basnage (S.) his solution concerning the different names of Bassianus, put to death by Constantine, ii. 340 Batricides, his peculiar opinion concerning Simon the just, Bayle, his remarks upon Phlegon, iv. 63; his observation Beausobre (J. de) his opinion of the author of the Testa- mended, i. 581, 584, 619. ii. 104, 349, 392, 450, 490, Beausobre and Lenfant, quoted, ii. 63, 69. v. 408 Bede (Venerable) his time and testimony to the scriptures, Bemarchius, his history of Constantine, which was favourable Bengelius (J.A.) quoted, iii. 30, 34 Benson (Dr. G.) quoted, i. 270, 572. ii. 287 note', 407 Bentley (Dr. R.) quoted, i. 476, 624. ii. 596. iii. 68; his Bernice, her descent, i. 16, 18; envied her sister Drusilla, Beryllus, Bp of Bostra, i. 495; his history and time, 524 Bible, the origin of that word, iii. 137 Biblias, one of the martyrs at Lyons, iv. 87 Birth, natural, how the Manichees speak of it, ii. 194, 196 Bishops, charged with pride by Jerom, iii. 572; their office Blandina, maid-servant, and martyr at Lyons, i. 361; her Blastus, a Valentinian, to whom Irenæus wrote a letter, Blondel (D.) his confutation of the opinion of Grotius con- Blood forbidden to be eaten, in Gen. ix. 4. v. 495 Brekel quoted, iv. 532 Britain, Christians there in the time of Eusebius of Cæsarea, Bruttius Præsens, his time, and his testimony to Domitian's Buddas, a disciple of Mani, said to have taken that name Buddeus, J. Fr. quoted, ii. 546 Burial allowed to malefactors in Judea, i. 89 Burnet (Bishop) an observation of his, concerning persecutors, ii. 345 Burning the scriptures, and concerning traitors, in Dioclesian's persecution, ii. 293, 294 Byrrhus, captain of the guard to Nero, i. 128 C Cæcilian, Bp of Carthage, charges against him by the Donatists, ii. 295, 296; was present at the council of Nice, 349 Cæsarea in Palestine, its inhabitants, i. 10, 101; a library erected there by Pamphilus, ii. 116, 120; it was repaired by Euxoius, Bp of that city, 120; made use of by Jerom, ibid. and Eusebius, 363; and Euthalius, iii. 38; destroyed before the middle of the seventh century, ii. 121 Caians, or Cair les, supposed a part of the Sethians, iv. 653; the accounts of them from Epiphanius and Irenæus, incredible, 652, 653; no sect ever called themselves by that name, or professed such principles, 654 Caiaphas, high priest when our Saviour was crucified, i. 79; called Joseph by Josephus, 216 Caius, adopted son of Augustus, his journey through Judea, i. 157 Caius or Gaius, to whom St. John wrote his third epistle, iii. 432. Caius, his history and time, i. 481; said to have been a disciple of Irenæus, ibid.; did not receive the epistle to the Hebrews, as Paul's, ibid, 482, 484; did not receive the Revelation, 484, 485, 637; not certain that he was a Presbyter of Rome, 482, 483; the Dialogue with Proculus a Montanist, the only piece rightly ascribed to him, 482, 484; what he writes of the martyrdoms of St. Peter and St. Paul at Rome, 482; how he reckons St. Paul's'epistles, 482 to 484; the reason why he did not receive the epistle to the Hebrews, considered, 483, 484 Calama, in Numidia, a disturbance there in the year 408, occasioned by Gentile worship, iv. 478, 479 Caligula, his attempt to set up his statue at Jerusalem, i. 54; favoured Herod Agrippa, 128 Calvin (J.) quoted, v. 390, 424 Calumnies upon the Primitive Christians, what they were, and how they may be accounted for, i. 378, 452. iii.4 86 to 488; the notice taken of them by Arnobius, ii. 251, 252; and by Lactantius, 268 Cambridge manuscript, character of the, ii. 17; the same with Stephens's second MS. 19 Camerarius. (Joach.) his judgment concerning The Revelation, i. 646 Canon, several senses of the word, iii. 138; that word, and Canonical, much used, denoting books of the highest au. thority, 138, 139 Canon of the O. T. the Jewish canon, received by Melito, i. 359; by Jerom, ii. 542, 579; by Rufinus, 578, 579; Augustine, 578 to 581; Chrysostom, 600, 601; Theodoret, iii. 10; Cosmas of Alexandria, 51; Gregory, Bp of Rome, 69; Leontius, 77; generally regarded by Christians, 48 to 50 Canon of the scriptures of the N. T. general observations upon it, iii. 142 to 144; how it has been formed, 148 to 150; not settled by any authority universally acknowledged among Christians in the time of Eusebius of Cæsarea, ii. 371; nor in the time of Augustine, 578; nor in the time of Cosmas of Alexandria, iii. 54; nor in the time of Cassiodorius, 61. See likewise 5, 17; nevertheless there was a general agreement among Christians upon this head, 61; nor were there any books received as sacred by Christians in former times, beside those now generally received by us, ibid. and 48, 49. 54, 77, 91 Authors, who had the same canon of the New Testament, with that which is generally received in our times; Athana sius, ii. 400, 403. Cyril of Jerusalem, excepting that he has not the Revelation, 409, 410. In like manner the council of Laodicea, 415. Epiphanius has the same as ́ours, 417 ; so likewise Basil, 465, 466; Gregory Nazian zep 470, 471; Amphilochius, 473; Gregory Nyssen, 474, 475; Jerom, 548, 561; Rufinus, 573; the third council of Carthage, 574, 575; Augustine, 578 to 579; Innocent I. bishop of Rome, 628; Isidore of Pelusium, iii. 7; Cyril of Alexandria, 9; Cassian, 17; Prosper of Aquitain, 21; Eucherius, Bp of Lyons, 29, 30; Sedulius, 34; Leo, Bp of Rome, 34, 35; Salvian, 36; Dionysius, called the Areopagite, 41; Gelasius, Bp of Rome, 42; Andrew, 43, 44; Facundus, 55, 56; Arethas, 57; Cassiodorius, 61, 62; the author of the Imperfect Work, 66 ; Photius, 82; Oecumenius, 84, 85; Nicephorus Callisti, 90 to 92; Theophylact, excepting the Revelation, 87, 88 Canterbury (The Archbishop of) his sermon quoted with respect, iv. 398 Canticles (The book of) quoted by Ephrem, ii. 481; Pacian, 491; Ambrose of Milan, 493; Commentaries upon it by Rheticius, 441, and by Triphyllus, 442; received by Paulinus, 629; Theodoret, iii. 9, 10; Arethas, 57; the author of the Imperfect Work, 64; Gregory, Bp of Rome, 69; is in the catalogue of Dionysius called the Arcopagite, 41; in the Alexandrian MS. 45. See Solomon Capernaum, called our Lord's own city, and why, ii. 612 Capito, collector of the Roman tribute in Judea, i. 50, note a Capitolinus (Jul.) his account of M. Antoninus's deliverance in Germany, iv. 102 Captain of the temple, a Jewish officer, i. 26, 58, 59 Captain of the guard, at Rome, prisoners sent to him from the provinces, i. 129; sometimes there were two, 130 Carabas, a distracted fellow at Alexandria, i. 88 Caracalla, a story told of him, when young, by Spartian, iv. 166; had a Christian nurse, ibid. ; the Christians had an advantage by his act of indemnity, 168 Carpocrates, an account of him from ancient authors, iv. 556, 557; his time, 557; he and his followers believed that the world was made by angels, 558; that Jesus Christ was born of Joseph and Mary, ibid.; accusations against them, 559,560, 561; the improbability of these accusations, 562; a general view of what they believed, 560; what scriptures they received, 563 Carter, Mrs. Elix. her translation of Epictetus quoted and commended, iv. 46, 47, 49, 50 Carthage, The third Council of, its time, and the scriptures received by the bishops there assembled, ii. 574, 575 Casaubon (J.) a remark of his upon a passage in Ignatius, i. 323; his observations upon Lampridius quoted and commended, iv.55 Casley (D.) his remarks upon a passage in Augustine, ii. 595; quoted, iii. 45 Cassian (John) his country, works, and testimony to the scriptures, iii. 16 to 18; reckoned an opposer of the Augustinian doctrine, 18; how he treats Nestorius, and others called heretics, ibid. Cassianus (Julius) or Cassian, an heretical writer of the second century, mentioned by Clement of Alexandria, i. 408; one of the Docetæ, who argued from the Old as well as the New Testament, iv. 681; his opinions and country, 682 Cassiodorius, (M. A.) Senator, his time and works, and testimony to the scriptures, iii. 59 to 62; à Latin translation of the Adumbrations of Clement of Alexandria, made by his order, i. 399, 404 Castle, at Jerusalem, see Antonia CATALOGUES of the books of the Old Testament; Melito's, i. 359; Jerom's, ii. 539, 540; three such catalogues taken notice of by Eusebius, 393; such catalogues of several recited, namely, from the book of Ecclesiasticus, Philo, the New Testament, Josephus, Melito, Origen, Athanasius, Cyril of Jerusalem, Epiphanius, 543 to 545 CATALOGUES of the books of the Old and New Testament in Origen, i. 532 to 542; Athanasius, ii. 400; in the Synopsis |