BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOTH for facts and for lists of the best biographies the Dictionary of National Biography is the most useful source. For the assistance of readers, however, to whom so comprehensive a work is not accessible there are given in the following accounts: (1) the chief biography of each man; (2) when this may be found too long, the most useful shorter biographies (not exceeding one volume each).

1. For CHAUCER the "Life" by A. W. Ward, in the English Men of Letters Series (1 vol.), is the most useful. It is based, of course, on the Life Records of Chaucer printed in various numbers of the Chaucer Society publications. Valuable for further reading are: "Chaucer and Some of his Friends," by G. L. Kittredge, in Modern Philology, i, 1; "English Wayfaring Life in the XIV Century," by Jusserand; "Fifteenth Century Prose and Verse," by A. W. Pollard.

2. For RALEGH the "Life" (2 vols.) by Edward Edwards is valuable chiefly for the letters it contains; a better and shorter life is that (1 vol.) by W. Stebbing; a careful though highly colored life is that by M. A. S. Hume. Other references: "Letters by Eminent Persons and Lives of Eminent Men," by John Aubrey ; "The Life of Sir Walter Ralegh," by J. Buchan; "The Temper of the XVII Century in English Literature," by B. Wendell.

3. For SPENSER the best life is that (1 vol.) by R. W. Church, in the English Men of Letters Series. Other reference: "Some Landmarks in the History of English Grammar," by G. L. Kittredge.

4. For BACON the authority is "Francis Bacon and his Times" (2 vols.), by J. Spedding; briefer is the Life" by R. W. Church, in the English Men of Letters Series.

5. For SHAKESPEARE the fullest life is by Sidney Lee; a shorter, excellent biography is that by Walter Raleigh. Readers are also referred to "The Development of Shakespeare as a Dramatist," by G. P. Baker.

6. For MILTON the "Life in Connexion with the History of his