Lot stand against such unanimous an expression of opinion from the Bishop, supported, as it has been, by the concurrence, or at least silence, of all classes in the Church, lay and clerical." On the 25th: "It is not from disappointment, irritation, or impatience that I have, whether rightly or wrongly, resigned St. Mary's, but because I think the Church of Rome the Catholic Church, and ours not a part of the Catholic Church because not in communion with Rome, and because I feel that I could not honestly be a teacher in it any longer."

14.-Daniel O'Connell and John O'Connell enter bail to answer any charge of conspiracy and misdemeanour which may be preferred against them by the Attorney-General next term. The Agitator immediately issued an address "To the People of Ireland.

If you will during this crisis follow my advice, and act as I entreat you to do, patiently, quietly, legally, I think I can pledge myself to you that the period is not distant when our revered Sovereign will open the Irish Parliament on College Green."

- A vacancy having occurred in the representation of London by the death of Sir M. Wood, the Anti-Com Law League engage with great eagerness in the canvass to secure the return of Mr. Pattison against Mr. F. T. Baring. A great improvement took place to-day in the prospects of the League candidate by the publi cation of a letter from Samuel Jones Loyd, Esq. announcing his adhesion to the League both in its general capacity and as a great election

agency.

17. The members of the Free Protesting Assembly commence their sittings in Glasgow City Hall. On taking the chair, the new moderator, Dr. Thomas Brown, insisted strongly on the identity of the seceders with the real Church of Scotland. "We meet not at this time," he said, "for the purpose of framing a new constitution for the Church of Scotland. That constitution, under the guidance of the Spirit of God, has been framed by the skill and the #sdom of our forefathers-the men of emiBence and the men of God of former times-our Protestant Reformers; and it existed before it vas brought into connexion with the State at all. We are the true Church, that was originally recognised by the State.'

21. The last of the coaches, the "Prince of Wales," running between London and Bristol, vas taken off the road this week.

The City of London contest terminates in the return of the Anti-Corn Law candidate, Mr. hison, by a majority of 165 over Mr. Baring. 23. Opening of Conciliation Hall, Dublin, the Repeal Association. O'Connell said : "I wish that the first sentence which I have to er in this Conciliation Hall, formed now as it is into an assembly, shall be this truth, that ere is but one way to obtain the Repeal of the Union, and that is by strictly peaceable means. (Cheers.) My second sentence, and

the only one I shall utter before I hand in money, is that the Repeal is certain." (Deafening applause.) A letter was read from Mr. W. S. O'Brien, giving in his adhesion to the cause of the Repealers, and forwarding a subscription. The Repeal rent for this week was reported to be 2,284/.

24. At the first annual meeting of the Tamworth Farmers' Club, the Premier delivers an address having reference almost exclusively to agricultural topics-improved farming, leases, and injury by game.

25.-The Queen and Prince Albert visit Cambridge, and receive addresses from the Heads of Colleges. In the afternoon the royal party set out for Wimpole, the seat of the Earl of Hardwicke, where they remained over the night.

26.-A Special Commission opened at Cardiff for the trial of the "Rebecca" rioters. Those against whom the grand jury found true bills mostly pleaded guilty, and were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. John Hughes, the leader of an attack against Pontardulais gate, and charged with shooting at Captain Napier, of the county police, with intent to murder him, was sentenced to be transported for twenty years. Up to this time Hughes was the only leader captured.

Mr. Thomas Attwood promulgates his scheme for organizing "The National Union. or general confederation of all classes, to hold the Ministers of the Crown legally responsible for the welfare of the people."

27. About midnight a gang of armed burglars enter the rectory of Sutton Bonnington. They plundered the house and bar barously ill-treated the Rev. R. Meek, on attempting to make his escape in his night-dress to the nearest village. He was insensible for some time, but recovered consciousness when being led back by one of the gang through his own hall. They had all masks, he said, mede of a kind of black calico, with large eyeholes cut in them, and hanging down below the chin. Under threat of instant death they compelled the other inmates of the house to bring the valuables to them, which were carefully packed up and removed by the burglars. At the ensuing Nottingham Assizes (December 18th) four of the gang were sentenced to transportation for life.

November 1.-Announcement made that a commission was to be issued for inquiring into the tenure of land in Ireland.

3.-The Morning Chronicle publishes the first of Sydney Smith's amusing letters on Pennsylvanian repudiation.

4.-Fatal affray at the Patent Saw Mills

Cork, originating in a dispute concerning the ownership. Dr. Quarry, one of the partners, was shot, and two workmen badly wounded.

6.-Attempt to assassinate General Narvaez while proceeding in his carriage to the Theatre del Circo. One of his attendants was killed, but the General escaped unhurt.

7.-Commotion in Liverpool commercial circles caused by an announcement that a tidal harbour with capacious dock was to be constructed by local commissioners at Birkenhead on the opposite side of the Mersey.

Died, aged 71, William Frederick L., King of the Netherlands.

8.-The grand jury charged with the indictments against O'Connell and others return into court with true bills against all the parties. The traversers appeared upon their recognizances, and the judges sanctioned the application made to them by the Attorney-General that they should be called on to plead within four days. Before the expiry of this time they put in a plea of abatement, but after much legal wrangling it was pronounced bad in form and substance. The trial was ultimately arranged to commence on the 15th January.

9.-Came up for sentence before the High Court of Justiciary, Edinburgh, Henry Robinson and Thomas Paterson, charged with selling blasphemous and indecent publications. The first was sentenced to imprisonment for twelve months and the second to fifteen months.

- The lighthouse on the western end of Plymouth break water completed, the last stone being fixed to-day by Rear-Admiral Pym, Superintendent of the Dockyard.

Queen Pomaré writes to the King of the French that the sovereignty of Tahiti had been seized by the French admiral, because she was accused of violating the treaty of September 1843. "I never intended, when I placed my crown on my flag, to condemn the treaty and insult you, O King. Your admiral only required a slight change in it; but had I acceded to his desire, I would have been despised by my great chiefs." She further protested against the harsh measures of the Admiral, and hoped for support and compassion from the King.

Kendal election carried by the League, the numbers being: Warburton, Free Trader, 182; Bentinck, Conservative, 119.

11.-Luton Hoo, the seat of the Marquis of Bute, destroyed by fire. The greater part of the furniture saved, and also the books and paintings.

12.-Sacrifice of the Mass offered up in the parish chapel of Ballintra, Donegal, for the spiritual and temporal benefit of the Libe

rator.

Murderous outrage by Irish peasants within the dwelling of Mr. Waller of Finnoe, near Borrisokane, county of Tipperary. They surrounded the house when the family were

seated at dinner, and after firing on the inmates, beat several of them in the most shocking manner in the course of the struggle which followed. Mr. Waller and two others died of the injuries received.

14. The Anti-Corn Law League, flushed with their victories in London and Kendal, now commence a course of agitation exciting and general beyond all former precedent. At a meeting in Manchester to-day, convened at the request of above seventy of the principal firms of the town, it was resolved to raise a fund of 100,000l. to assist in the dissemination of their principles. At the close of Mr. Cobden's address, and amid evidences of the greatest enthusiasm on the part of those assembled, 12,6067. was subscribed in the room. The list showed six subscribers of 500/., two of 400!., seven of 300/., one of 250/., eleven of 200, one of 150/., and twenty-one of 100!.

15. A rumour being current that the Ministry intended to propose some provision for the Roman Catholic clergy in Ireland, the hierarchy met to-day and renewed resolutions come to in 1837 and 1841, pledging themselves to resist the attempt.

16. Great alarm was excited throughout the south and west of Ireland to-night by the lighting of signal or "bale" fires on the hills, accompanied as the display was by serious outrages, thought to have connexion with the pending trials in Dublin.

19.-Tribute Sunday in Ireland. 3,490. collected for the maintenance and defence of O'Connell.

20.-Barcelona surrenders to the Royalists.

21.-The Times declares the League to be a great fact. The number of its members, the amount of its funds, and the extent of its labours, are all facts. "It is our duty to recognise, not conceal them; to meet them, not to slight them; to extract from an admitted evil the good which may lurk beneath..... Let some concession be proposed, some neutral ground fixed on, and the voice of discord will be hushed."

The Canadian Ministry resign office of the ground of differences with the Governor General as to the exercise of patronage. 23.-O'Connell issues another address to the people of Ireland, warning them agains Ribandism, riot, and violence. Every man, he said, "who is guilty of the slightest breach o the peace is an enemy of mine and of Ireland This is my advice. No Ribandism. N

66

Billy Smiths! No bonfires. Peace, quiet and tranquillity; and within twelve months the Repeal of the Union will be at hand."

28. The Spanish Cortes having declare

the young Queen of age, S. Olozaga compels her to sign a decree for the dissolution of the Chambers.

28. Treaty signed by England and France recognising the independence of the Sandwich

Islands.

The Queen and Prince Albert, with the Queen Dowager, visit Sir Robert Peel at Drayton Manor; next day the Duke of Devonshire, at Chatsworth; and finally the Duke of Rutland at Belvoir.

December 2.-Came on for hearing in the Court of Queen's Bench the case of the Duke of Brunswick against Holt and the two Branders, for libels published in the Age newspaper. The libels were contained in a number of articles, described by Serjeant Talfourd as conveying abominable imputations in a dark and cowardly manner. The jury returned a verdict of Guilty.

- The French Legitimists in London give a public welcome to the Duke of Bordeaux, presently living in Belgrave Square.

3-In his message to Congress, President Tyler speaks of the Oregon question as still remaining in dispute. He expressed himself as of opinion that America had rights to the entire country lying on the Pacific embraced within the 42° and 54° 40′ of north latitude. The President recommended the establishment of military posts for the protection of American citizens who had settled in the territory. Hostile measures were threatened against Mexico for her interference in Texas.

8. At the Guildhall Police Court, Sir Peter Laurie permits an operative tailor to expose, and substantiate by evidence, the evils of the "sweating system,' as practised by the lower Cass of clothiers in London.

11. The 44th, Cabul Regiment, presented with new colours at Portsmouth by Lady Pakenham.

12.-Died, aged 71, William Frederick, Count of Nassau, ex-King of Holland.

14. Died at Bayswater, London, J. C. London, landscape gardener.

15.-Writing to M. Guizot on the subject of the marriage of the Queen of Spain, Lord Aberdeen expresses an opinion that, while her Majesty's Government cannot admit that the preferable claims of any prince or family are ach as to control the free choice of the Spanish Government, they would be fully disposed to Concur in the proposition of the Cabinet of the Tileries, and to recommend that the selection of the Queen's Consort should be made from the descendants of Philip the Fifth.

18.-Died, aged 93, Thomas Graham, Earon Lyndoch, the victor of Barossa.

20.-A party of Ojibbeway Indians exhibit themselves at Windsor Castle, under the auspices of Mr. Catlin.

20.-Numerous incendiary fires about this time in the counties of Essex, Suffolk, and Norfolk.

Died in obscurity in Edinburgh, where he lived under the name of Thomas Wilson, the Rev. Percy Jocelyn, once Bishop of Clogher, but degraded for a crime said to have been committed in London in 1822.

The Governor-General of India announces his intention of interfering in the affairs of the Scindia district. "The British Government has so long deferred intervention in the distracted affairs of the Gwalior State, in the sincere hope that the chiefs themselves would establish an administration willing and able to satisfy its reasonable demands, and to maintain the accustomed friendly relations between the two States. The British Government can neither permit the existence of an unfriendly government within the territories of Scindia, nor that those territories should be without a government capable of coercing its own subjects. The Governor-General will therefore direct the immediate advance of forces amply sufficient to effect all the just purposes of the British Government,-to obtain guarantees for the future security of its own subjects on the common frontier of the two States, to protect the person of the Maharajah, to quell disturbances within his Highness's territories, and to chastise all who shall remain in disobedience."

25.-Earthquake shock experienced in Ger

many.

27.-Between 4 and 5 o'clock this morning a murder is committed in the cottage of John Geddes, a farm labourer, living at Blaw Wearie, in the parish of West Calder. James Bryce, his brother-in-law, had called on him the night before to borrow money on the pretence that one of his children was dead. Geddes refused to give him any, but permitted Bryce to remain all night, as he had about twenty miles to walk back. He awoke him early to start on his return journey. Geddes arose at the same time to make him some brose for breakfast. They had some angry words about the money, as also about a watch formerly left for a small loan. "I was sitting," Bryce afterwards confessed, "by the fire with the tongs in my hand. He had just put the pot on, and was turning round, when it came into my head to murder him, and

struck him with the tongs. He never spoke, but I kept beating him after he was down. I struck him many blows, and when he began to stir I took a cord which was lying on the floor, and put it round his neck to strangle him should he come to life again.' Bryce secured what money he could find in the house, and made his escape from the locality. He was apprehended near Dumfries on the 12th January.

28. Fire in Liverpool, commencing in Brancker's extensive sugar refinery, and destroying a range of premises filled with stock and machinery. One or two lives were lost.

66

29. The army of Gwalior, under the command of Gen. Sir H. Gough, Commander-inChief, and in presence of the Governor-General, defeat the native forces at Maharajpoor. "Your lordship," writes Sir H. Gough, 'must have witnessed with the same pride and pleasure that I did the brilliant advance of those columns under their respective leaders, the European and native soldiers appearing emulous to prove their loyalty and devotion; and I must here do justice to the gallantry of their opponents, who received the shock without flinching, their guns doing severe execution as we advanced; but nothing could withstand the rush of British soldiers." On the same day the left wing of the army, under Major-General Grey, defeated the Gwalior troops at Punniar.

1844.

January 1.-The Marquis of Westminster writes to the chairman of the council of the Anti-Corn Law League: "I have much pleasure in sending a contribution of 500l. to your fund; and I venture to express a hope that you will not relax your endeavours until you have obtained from Government, in whatever hands it may happen to be, the fullest measure of free trade compatible with what is due to the maintenance of public credit."

2. Two blacksmiths belonging to the Mormon body tried at the Chester assizes for causing the death of a female disciple by their violence at the ceremony of immersion. The evidence failed to connect the prisoners with the offence, and Justice Wightman instructed the jury to return a verdict of Acquittal.

-

- Chantrey's equestrian statue of George IV., originally designed to surmount the marble arch at Buckingham Palace, set up in Trafalgar-square.

3. The Oxford delegates of appeal in Congregation give judgment in favour of Dr. Hampden, and against Mr. M'Mullen, a candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Divinity, who refused to write on two exercises given out by Dr. Hampden :-"1. The Church of England does not teach, nor can it be proved from Scripture, that any change takes place in the elements of consecration in the Lord's Supper. 2. It is a mode of expression calculated to give erroneous views of Divine revelation, to speak of Scripture and tradition as joint authorities in the matter of Christian doctrine."

to most of the Roman Catholics selected to serve on the special jury.

10.-Died, aged 77, Lieut.-General Sir Hudson Lowe, Governor of St. Helena during the captivity of Napoleon I.

In view of the meeting of Parliament, numerous Corn - Law and Anti-Corn-Law meetings were held throughout the country this week. At Northampton Sir C. Knightley characterised the Leaguers as 66 ragamuffins,' and the "refuse of mankind."

12.-Tried before the High Court of Justiciary, Edinburgh, and acquitted, Christina Cochrane, or Gilmour, charged with poisoning her husband at Lochinvar. She was the first person surrendered on a criminal charge by the United States under the Ashburton Treaty.

13. Came on for hearing in the Rolls Court the case of the Duke of Brunswick 2 the King of Hanover, being a prayer that two instruments, and the appointment thereunder of the Duke of Cambridge as guardian of the fortunes of the plaintiff might be void, and the defendant held liable to account for the per sonal estate and produce of the sales of the real estates of the plaintiff, received by the defendant as for his use since his appointment to the guardianship. Lord Lord Langdale decided that the alleged acts of the defendant under the instrument were not acts in respect of which the court had jurisdiction, or which the defendant was liable to be sued for in this court.

15. Commenced in Dublin the trial of Daniel O'Connell and eight others, charged with conspiracy and misdemeanour. The evidence during the proceedings had reference chiefly to the language quoted in the huge indictment as having been used by the traversers at various Repeal demonstrations.

19. The Gazette contains the following notice with reference to one of the principals in the late fatal duel :-" Lieut. and Adjutant A. T. Monro, of the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards (Blue), is superseded, being absent without leave."

fondest and best-beloved child?' No! it shall never be! You will not consign him to the spot to which the Attorney-General invites you to surrender him! No! When the spring shall have come again, and the winter shall have passed, it is not through the windows of such a prison that the father of such a son, and the son of such a father, shall look on those green hills on which the eyes of so many a captive have gazed so wistfully in vain ; but in their own mountain home again they shall listen to the murmurs of the great Atlantic; they stall go forth and inhale the freshness of the morning air together; they shall be free of the mountain solitude;' they will be encompassed with the loftiest images of liberty upon every side; and if time shall have stolen its suppleness from the father's knee, or impaired the firmness of his tread, he shall lean upon the child of her that watches over him from heaven, and shall look out from some high place far and wide into the island whose greatness and whose glory shall be ever associated with his rame. In your love of justice-in your love of Ireland-in your love of honesty and fairplay-I place my confidence. I ask you for an acquittal, not only for the sake of your country, but for your own. Upon the day when this trial shall have been brought to a termination, when, amidst the burst of public expectancy, in answer to the solemn interrogatory which shall be put to you by the officer of the court, you shall answer Not guilty,' with what a transport will that glorious negative be welcomed! How will you be blest, adored, worshipped! And when, retiring from this scene of excitement and of passion, you shall return to your own tranquil homes, how leasurably you will look upon your children

the consciousness that you will have left them a patrimony of peace, by impressing pon the British Cabinet that some other measure besides a State prosecution is necessary for the pacification of your country."-The

gestion of an ambulatory Parliament which Mr. Shiel had thrown out in his speech did not meet with the approval of his client, who ok the earliest opportunity, on the morning of the 29th, to insist upon the right of Ireland to an independent Legislature.

29.-Died at Gotha, aged 60, the Grand Duke of Saxe Coburg Gotha, father of Prince

Albert.

30. Scene at the O'Connell trial between the Attorney-General and Mr. Fitzgibbon, zansel for one of the traversers. On the return of the Court after refreshment, Mr. Fitzgibbon rose and said: "My lord, while I was endeavouring during the adjournment of the ocart to take a little rest, rendered so necessary by my state of health, a note was placed in my hand signed by the Attorney-General, which tote I deemed it my duty to throw back again, and I now ask him to place it in your lordship's bands." The Attorney-General making no movement, Mr Fitzgibbon paused a few

minutes, and then went on. 'He will not. Then I must tell the court the substance of its contents. In that note the Attorney-General tells me that I have in my address to the court given him a personal offence, and that if I do not apologize at once, to name my friend. (Sensation.) I do not deny, my lord, that his position is one of difficulty. In the peculiar circumstances of the case, it is for him to say whether he thinks it manly to adopt the course he has taken. I leave him, my lord, in your hands." The Attorney-General replied: "The language complained of I have taken down, and it attri butes to me that I have been actuated by dishonourable motives in the conduct of this prosecution, and influenced by the effect that failure might have on my party and my professional advancement. A mutual friend of the learned gentlemen having interposed with the sanction of the court, the Attorney-General withdrew the note, stating that he had been very much irritated at the time of writing it. This personal matter disposed of, Mr. Fitzgibbon resumed his address to the jury on behalf of his client, Dr. Gray.

February 2.-In a letter to Sir John Coleridge, dated on "The Feast of the Purification," the Rev. J. Keble writes :-"We go on working in the dark, and in the dark it will be, until the rule of systematic confession is revived in our Church." Later, Keble wrote that he was in darkness as to the moral and religious condition of his people, "for want of being able to use the arm of confession."

5. Mr. Gladstone, now President of the Board of Trade, obtains the appointment of a select committee to consider the Standing Orders relating to Railways, with a view to new provisions in future railway bills for the improvement of the railway system.

On this, the fifteenth day of trial, O'Connell delivers his defence to the jury, which occupied the entire time of the court. He denied that there was anything in the case to stain him with the guilt of conspiracy.

6. Sir James Graham re-introduces a bill to amend the Factory Act. No child under eight to be employed in factories, nor any young person under sixteen. Children not to work more than six hours and a half daily, and young persons and women not more than twelve. Work on Saturdays to cease at 4 o'clock. Education clauses in the bill of last year omitted.

8.-Lord Ashley moves an address to the Crown, praying that her Majesty will be "graciously pleased to take into her consideration the situation and treatment of the Ameers of Scinde; and that she will direct their immediate restoration to liberty and the enjoyment of their estates, or make such provision for their future maintenance as may be considered a just equivalent." On a division 68 voted for the motion and 202 against it.