But how was she to circumvent their designs? Not a single way of escape seemed open. The minutes passed and her bewildered mind could plan no remedy. She took a desperate resolution. Summoning her private attendant, she sent him to beg the bey to grant her an immediate interview. Fortunately the bey consented, and in a few more moments she found herself in his presence. Summoning all her courage she briefly related to him the details of the plot, and besought him to have pity on her coun-ity; and enclosing the money in a little tryman.

From The Saturday Review.

CHRISTIAN PILGRIM NOTE-PAPER.

him with proper thoughts, to keep the verities of the Christian religion before his eyes, and, in short, to soften his manSINCE the celebrated moral pocket-ners and exercise a generally beneficial handkerchiefs of half a century ago, it influence upon him. It is even suggested may be doubted whether any invention that by a cunning selection the drawings of equal ingenuity has suggested itself might be made appropriate to the subjects to the mind of man until the device the of the letter; though, as their number is name of which stands at the head of this decidedly limited and their connection article. Illustrated note-paper used at with the ordinary affairs of life not obvione time to be rather a favorite institu- ous, the suggestion seems more well tion, especially in connection with water- meant than practicable. Indeed the exing-places. Some of it was comic; and pectations of the effect of the Christian everybody must remember the sheets pilgrim note-paper entertained by its prowhich bore an engraving- borrowed, if moters and panegyrists strike a sober we mistake not, from Leech-represent- critic as, on the whole, enthusiastic. The ing an unutterably hideous bathing-woman City Press thinks that this note-paper will subjecting infants to watery tortures. "lessen the difficulty" caused to missionMore generally the scenery of the water-aries by "the undue prominence given to ing-place formed the heading - very neat abstruse disputations among Christians rows of lodging-houses, with a church in themselves." In short, though zealots the distance and a row of bathing-machines in the foreground, generally doing duty impartially enough for Hastings or Bognor, Broadstairs or Southsea. It is believed that stationery of this kind still flourishes; but the institution of monograms has rather cut the ground from under it. The Christian pilgrim notepaper which lies before us is an effort of a higher kind. Scenes from the "Pilgrim's Progress" decorate the upper half of its obverse leaf, outlined in the manner of Retzsch. It is particularly interesting to observe that the curious costume generally associated with the Prince of Denmark and his friends is here adjusted to the personages of the famous allegory. All the male characters have those peculiar tight fleshings, belted very much at the waist, and surmounted by a neat little jerkin and an elegant cap and feather, which distinguish the inhabitants of Retzschland. Their swords hang at the same angle, and their moustaches have evidently been trimmed by the same artist in hair. Christian, indeed, is particularly like Horatio, and the scene where Pliable and Obstinate endeavor to mislead him, and where he breaks away from them, is for all the world like the German draughtsman's conception of Hamlet breaking away from his friends in search of the ghost. We only miss those very attractive gusseted-is that the proper word? - hauts-de-chausses which sometimes diversify the fleshing arrangement. It is needless to observe that the Christian pilgrim note-paper is intended to do more than merely delight the letter-writer with pleasing views. It is intended to inspire

may fight about doctrines and churches, he can't be wrong who is well provided with Christian pilgrim note-paper. This seems to partake of the error of fetichism. But it is proper to mention that the publisher of the note-paper does not seem to entertain quite such exalted views of his invention. He is, however, a practical man, and has taken a practical view of the matter. Having ascertained from "Whitaker's Almanac" that there are eighteen million Episcopalians, fourteen million Methodists, thirteen and a half million Roman Catholics among Englishspeaking peoples, and that Presbyterians, Baptists, Congregationalists, Unitarians, minor sects, and "no particular religion divide the rest, he has sent a specimen of Christian pilgrim note-paper to representative persons of each persuasion. He has published the answers, and they make a collection which is, if possible, a greater curiosity than the note-paper itself.

The Episcopalians are represented by the Archbishop of Canterbury and by Mr. Daniel Wilson, a representation which is perhaps not altogether exhaustive. The archbishop is more cautious than he has sometimes shown himself in his correspondence, and commits himself only to the statement that the outline subjects are "very prettily done." Nor has he, so far as we have observed, in his recent visitation recommended Christian pilgrim note-paper as a means of promoting unity. So, too, the vicar of Islington contents himself with the statement that he 'very much admires the new note-paper." This, it will be observed, is, like the archbishop's, a wholly æsthetic judgment,

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and does not enter upon the question of the chairman of the Congregational Unthe advantage of Christian pilgrim note-ion is in need of a few short lessons in paper to missionaries, or of its efficacy as English composition. However, Dr. Ala healer of the wounds of Christendom. lon picks himself up again, and concludes Cardinal Manning is much less guarded. with a laconic utterance worthy of Victor He, too, is partially æsthetic, and consid- Hugo. Bunyan," he says, "interprets ers the designs to be "executed with all hearts." Therefore it is evident that great skill and taste." But he goes fur- the Christian pilgrim note-paper which ther than this. He "considers the inten-interprets Bunyan is suitable for the tion exceedingly good." This is compli- communications of all hearts. Mr. Spurmentary, if nothing more. But there is geon's commendation and God-speed has much more. His Eminence thinks that a certain grimness about it. "I wish the introduction of this note-paper "will success," he says, "to everything that be productive of much good," as it will brings truth before thoughtless people." "place higher and more Christian ideas This limitation of the range of the Chrisbefore the minds of the world." The tian pilgrim note-paper seems a little cardinal is rather well known as a crotch- unkind. The Church of England, the eteer from his temperance advocacy; but Church of Rome, the Methodists, the this enthusiasm for designs from the Presbyterians, the Baptists, the Congre"Pilgrim's Progress," as "likely to be gationalists, having been spoken for by productive of much good," leaves his these great persons, there remain unacchampionship of water far behind. It counted for the Unitarians, the minor should be noticed that his Eminence's comparatives are a little puzzling. The ideas suggested by Christian's tights, Pliable's feather, and the hornlets and winglets of a very pleasing fiend, who is shedding influence malign over Sloth, Ignorance, and Presumption, will place higher and more Christian ideas before the world. Higher than what? is the question that naturally suggests itself, and the answer is hardly clear. The Methodist fourteen millions are represented by the president of the Wesleyan Conference, who thinks the etchings beautiful and well fitted to promote the object stated in the advertisement. The object stated in the publisher's advertisement is, as far as we can make out, the perfectly legitimate and business-like one of selling the sheets of note-paper at so many for a shilling. But perhaps the president of the Wesleyan Conference adopts the sanguine views of the City Press, and thinks that the note-paper will be a convenient substitute for creeds and confessions. The moderator of the Synod of the "Presbyterian Church of England" is again a cautious man, and confines himself to the statement that he "honors the motive." The chairman of the Congregational Union is critical, not to say sententious. If," says Dr. Allon, "a song may win him who a sermon flies,' art may direct thought to religious things that could not be otherwise arrested." Why Dr. Allon should wish to arrest religious things we do not quite know. But perhaps it is the thought and not the things which are to be arrested, in which case

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sects, and the "no particular religion people. Perhaps the Rev. T. Freckleton of Unity Church is a Unitarian, though our acquaintance with his particular form of belief does not warrant us in pronouncing him to be such. He appears to be more strongly convinced than any other person of the probable effect of the Christian pilgrim note-paper in promoting the unity of Christendom. Judging by the arrangement, the minor sects are answered for by Mrs. Pennefather of Mildmay and the no-particular-religionists by Lord John Manners. This is certainly a libel on Lord John. As for the lady, we are in the same state of ignorance as we are with regard to the Rev. T. Freckleton. Mrs. Pennefather promises her good word to the enterprise, but Lord John Manners associates himself with it by making a suggestion for its further improvement. In the specimen engravings there is a legend under each, but not so on the note-paper, and the late postmaster-general would like to have it there too. Not very long ago it was Lord John's bounden duty to endeavor to increase the consumption of note-paper by all fair means, so as to swell her Majesty's revenue, and as the correspondence is undated, this may have been one of his efforts in his vocation.

It cannot be supposed that such a brilliant idea as that of the Christian pilgrim note-paper will be allowed to remain the exclusive property of Christianity. We should imagine that Cardinal Manning has already suggested to his temperance friends the propriety of following the

From The Examiner.

THEIR RETURN TO ENGLAND.

example. Note-paper with drunkards of
the finest Cruikshankian type represented A GLANCE AT THE JEWS OF ENGLAND.
at the top would be quite in harmony with
the general character of the movement,
and Sir Wilfrid Lawson making his annual DURING the three centuries and a half
motion, Cardinal Manning leading tem- that elapsed from the expulsion of the
perance processions through the streets, Israelites from this country in 1290 to the
and many other ennobling subjects sug-protectorate of Oliver Cromwell, little was
gest themselves as variations. From the seen or heard of Jews or Judaism in Great
temperance people the plan will naturally. Britain. For a prolonged period they
be borrowed by the anti-vaccinationists. must have been conspicuous by their ab-
For them a better heading can hardly be sence. In course of time their spirit of
imagined than Mr. Dodson's celebrated enterprise and commercial instinct prob-
group of the policeman, the tortured in- ably led them again to these shores.
fant, the fiendish doctor, and the agonized During the reign of Queen Elizabeth,
mother. Perhaps some of the old plates, Jews were known to come over to En-
already referred to, representing the woes gland, and the queen herself engaged the
of infants at the hands of bathing-women, services of a Hebrew physician, Rodrigo
might be worked up for this purpose. Lopez, after the fashion of other eminent
The bathing-machine could be trans- potentates of the day. Lopez was ac-
formed into a surgery and the bathing- cused of an attempt to poison his royal
woman into a policeman with the greatest mistress. He was tried, found guilty,
ease and with a certainty of success, and executed, though the evidence against
while the infant, which, if we recollect him in the present day would scarcely
aright, is very plump and squalls loudly, conduce to the conviction of a pickpocket.
would be available without the slightest Lopez being a Jew, that offence rendered
alteration. Indeed the capacities of illus- his participation in crimes, real or imag-
trated note-paper are endless, and if the inary, far more easily established. Israel-
machinery is half so powerful as Cardinal ites continued occasionally to arrive in
Manning, Dr. Allon, and others of its England, though their visits, like those of
panegyrists affirm, no earnest agitator can angels, were few and far between. They
afford to neglect it. Even politics proper probably despatched their business and
are not beyond its sphere, and it would departed, and their presence as Jews was
be easy to give hints to any draughtsman not in any way recognized. Their relig-
for a striking and appropriate series of ious ceremonies were not tolerated; they
plates representing the chief perform- possessed no place appropriated for pub-
ances of her Majesty's government dur-lic worship; and if any of them died dur-
ing the past session. As for the Christian ing a sojourn here his bones rested side
pilgrim note-paper itself, we very sincerely by side with the remains of Gentiles.
hope that it may produce all the good
which its friends expect from it. No
statistics, we believe, are available as to
the actual improvement in morality pro-
duced by the use of moral pocket hand-
kerchiefs; and it may not be easy to
gauge the advances made towards the
unity of Christendom by the employment
of Christian pilgrim note-paper. But, as
the representative men say, almost with
one accord, the motive is excellent; and
if thoughtful writers or, as Mr. Spur-
geon thinks more likely, thoughtless ones
-find their tone becoming higher as a
result of the contemplation of the tights
and the feathers and the other belongings
of these Christian pilgrims, why so much
the better for them and for the publisher
and for the world at large.

Judaism had neither a local habitation nor a name within the British Islands for over three and a half centuries before the advent of Oliver Cromwell. At the time of the Commonwealth the Jews of Holland, many of whom were of Spanish and Portuguese descent, desired to open a larger field for commercial adventure than could be found in the Dutch_cities. They had heard the fame of English wealth and liberality; the few Jews who were personally acquainted with England gave a glowing account of the country, and the Hebrew authorities of Amsterdam ventured to address the Lord Protector, who graciously gave them permission to depute an agent to plead their cause. Oliver Cromwell was prepared to receive favorably the application of the Dutch Jews, and he seemed determined to signalize himself by ending the proscription of the Israelites. His comprehensive

mind enabled him to perceive all the advantages of their formal readmission into England. The liberality of his disposition, and his avowed attachment to the cause of toleration, urged him to repair the injustice of past ages. As a man, he held that no human being should be proscribed for the accident of his birth. As a Christian, he looked upon the Jews as his elder brethren, who could only be won over to Christianity, if at all, by kind treatment and impartial justice. As a statesman, he was aware how useful the Jews might be made to England, on account of their commercial habits and extended correspondence throughout the globe; for in those days the Jews were looked upon as a means of acquiring valuable information.

time could not be found for the experi ment of restoring his countrymen to the privileges of men in the island. In execution of the project he had at that time applied from Amsterdam to the Long Parliament, for a passport, which he had obtained. He was, however, prevented from making use of their indulgence. He then addressed the second or Barebones Parliament, and obtained the same favor, but was still detained on the Continent. Finding, however, that his coming over would not be unwelcome to Cromwell, he set out for London." It would seem from. this, that a Jew required a special per mission to enter England as a recognized Jew. Cromwell received the representative of Judaism with distinction, and ap pointed a conference of learned lawyers, The champion of the Jews in this in- sagacious citizens, and erudite preachers stance was the celebrated Menasseh ben of the gospel, to meet at Whitehall to Joseph ben Israel. He had been born in consider the proposals of the eminent Portugal about the year 1604, and had Hebrew. Chief Justice Glyn, Chief Baron succeeded with difficulty in escaping, in Steele, and subsequently Chief Justice his early days, from the fangs of the In- St. John were there to expound the law; quisition, in company with his father. whilst Lord Mayor Dethick, two alderMenasseh displayed great zeal and talent men, and the two sheriffs, expressed the in his studies. At eighteen he was views of London citizens. Finally, a elected preacher and expounder of the number of divines, among whom were to Talmud in the synagogue of Amsterdam; be seen Good, Wise, Owen, Nye, Cudat twenty-eight he had already published worth, Peters, and Bulkeley, the provost in Spanish the first part of the "Concilia- of Eton, upheld the authority of Chrisdor," of which a Latin version was issued in the following year by Dionysius Vossius. When Menasseh ben Israel was entrusted with this mission, he had already brought to light about sixty works in English, Hebrew, and Spanish. He was learned in the Jewish law, and had, moreover, acquired the art of medicine. He was more abundantly endowed with wisdom than with worldly wealth, as the Holy Office, in revenge for not being able to broil him at a stake, had stripped his family of all their property. He arrived in England in October 1655; he immediately set to writing a tract, entitled "A Humble Address to the Lord Protector in Behalf of the Jewish Nation," and shortly afterwards he composed his "Vindicia Judæorum." He wielded the pen right well, and he endeavored to influence public opinion, so far as the voice of the people had any weight in those days, in favor of his co-religionists.

In his "Hope of Israel," Menasseh says of himself "that he had been moved by the great things the Parliament had achieved five years before, and the unusual attempt in which they were engaged; he had conceived that a fitter

tianity, and were its spokesmen. All this wit and wisdom, all these distinguished men, with the addition of Cromwell himself and his Council, assembled four times to discuss whether a few Dutch merchants, of Spanish or Portuguese descent and of Jewish race, were to be allowed to establish counting-houses and warehouses in Great Britain. The demands of the children of Israel were moderate and unpretending. They humbly prayed that they might be admitted into the Commonwealth as the natives themselves, with permission to worship the God of their forefathers without disguise. They asked that they might erect a synagogue and inter their dead in their own cemetery; that they might deal in all sorts of merchandise; that they might institute a tribunal, consisting of the head of the nation, supported by two almoners, to determine all differences between their own people according to the law of Moses, with power to appeal to the law of the land; that any laws existing against the Jews might be revoked; that generals of armies should be ordered to protect them, and should even be sworn to do so; and finally, that the Lord Protector should