the most advanced point of the Nile delta, 479-search of the author for the central point from which the Nile delta has advanced, 479, 480 --" sand- islands" north of Cairo, 481, 482 traces of marine productions beneath the sand of Lower Egypt, 481, 482- calcareous rocks of the shore west of Abou-Kir, 483-character of the Egyp- tian beech-sands, 483-lagoon district of the delta, 484- no proof obtained that the Red Sea and Mediterranean were ever connected, 484-theory of difference of level of Atlantic and Med- - table of specific › iterranean Seas, 485- easterly current along gravities, 486- the Egyptian coast, 486-not a danger- ous coast, 486-prevailing winds, 486, 487-length and route of the ship-canal, 487 character of the country through which it passes, 487 climate, 488 rain and "khamseen," 488-harbor of Port Said, and length and direction of -moles, 488, 489-statement of similar works in other waters, 489-effect of the long mole upon the sands of the shore- line, 490, 491-inroads of sand in the harbor itself, 491-material of, and man- ner of building, the piers, 492-com- parison of fascines and smooth beton blocks, 493, note-size of artificial blocks at Port Said and at other works, 494 material of which they are made, 494 area of the harbor of Port Said, 495- the city, 495, 496-table of dimensions character of the of the canal, 497 material through which it is cut, 498, 499-barrier of El Guisr, 499-ancient Lake Timsah, canal of Necos, 500 600-fresh-water canal, its effects upon vegetation, 501-movable dunes about Lake Timsah, 502-effective velocities of running water, 508- barrier of Sera- péum, 503- the Lacs Amers, 504 - 506 route from Lacs Amers to the barrier of Chalouf, 506 the barrier of Cha- louf, 507-course from this barrier to Suez, 507 roadstead of Suez, 508 — winds, channel, and currents of the Red Sea, 508, 509-Suez Canal the largest - ever made, 509 -no co-operation on the part of the Egyptian or Turkish govern- ments, 509.
Erie, A Chapter of, article on, 30–106 — the vices and abuses of the past confront us in the present under new names, 30
illustrated in the Erie wars of 1868, 81-checkered history of Erie Railroad, 81, 32- Mr. Drew as director of Erie Railway, bear of Wall Street, treasurer of his operation in Erie Railway, 32, 33 1866, 33, 34 -the fiduciary position of a treasurer, 34, 35 points of resemblance and of contrast between Vanderbilt and Vanderbilt's manage- Drew, 35-37 - ment of Harlem and Hudson River Rail- roads, 37- accepts control of Central, 88-tendency to consolidation illustrat-
ed by the great railroad combinations of Vanderbilt's efforts to later years, 38- get control of the Erie Railway, 39 opposed by Drew, and Boston, Hart- ford, and Erie Railroad, 40- Drew and Vanderbilt form an alliance, 40, 41- story of a "pool," 41, 42-the conflict between Vanderbilt and Drew, 43 proceedings of the courts, 45-69-ex- citement caused by reports that Mr. Drew was to be kidnapped, 60 Erie Railway made a corporation of New Jersey, by legislature, 60, 61 ruption of New York Legislature, 62, 63 Erie Railway in the New York As- sembly, 63-72— defeat of Vanderbilt, amicable negotiations between Drew and Vanderbilt, 73, 74 — details of their treaty, 74, 75-condition of Erie when it fell into the hands of Fisk and Gould, 76-political and financial al- liance of Tammany ring with Erie ring, 78 process of procuring monetary stringency in New York, 78, 79-ex- traordinary inflation of Erie stock, 79, 80-interference of Secretary McCal- loch, 81 Mr. Drew appears on the stage again, and is hopelessly cornered, 82 -his humiliation before Fisk and Gould, 83, 84-the matter again before the courts, 84-100-another corner, 86-88 Judge Davies's course as re- ceiver, 93, 94 Mr. Fisk's hurried jour- ney to Binghamton, 95-action against Mr. Bowles, 101-the Erie and Vander- bilt in active alliance, 102- decay of our social edifice, 103-despotism of corporations, 104, 105-danger for the future, 105, 106.
Evans, E. P., his Abriss der deutschen Li- teraturgeschichte, critical notice of, 606 -
609. Grape-Culture, Open-air, article on, 155- 175- rapid progress of grape-culture in United States, 155-its past history, 156- -account of various American va- - hybrids, rieties of grape, 157-159 160-varieties recommended for out- door cultivation, 161, 162- soil and cultivation, 162, 193-fertilizers recom- mended, 163-training and pruning, 164, 165 grafting, 165 — diseases of the vine, 166-profits of grape-culture, 167 its literature, 168 American wines, their growing value, and rank of different varieties, 168-172-the ques tion of adding sugar to acid grape-juice, 172-price of American wines, 173- experimenters working for new varie- ties, 175.
Greece, Ancient, the Religion of, article on, 106 121- comparative mythology partial and incomplete, 107- principles of investigation of Karl Ottfried Müller, 197-difference between Hebrew my- thology and Christian monotheism, 108, 109-pure fetich-worship not unknown difference among the Greeks, 109 -
between the Greek and Roman idea of gods, 110 Greek religion essentially polytheistic, 110-two classes of myths, 111-three points of view of the Hel- lenic faith, 111 Aryan origin of the earliest Greek religion, 111, 112 — uni- versality of the worship of Zeus, 112– antiquity of name and of eminence not necessarily equal, 112 - - the pantheon full of change and development, 113- the fully developed gods have elementary spirits or demons, 113, 114-fidelity of the Greeks to their old gods, 115 - two classes of religious epochs, first intro- duction of foreign gods, 115 - derived principally from the Phoenicians, 115, 116-influence of the Egyptians, 116, 117- the worship of Apollo, 118-mys- teries of Dionysus and Demeter, 118- 120-elasticity of polytheism, 120, 121
the religious need of the seventh and sixth centuries before Christ, 121. Hazard, Mr. Rowland G., The Writings of, article on, 367-391-an anti-protec- tionist, 369 - collection "Our Resour- ces," 369-871 "Finance, and Hours of Labor," 371 "Essay on Language," 371 376-language of poetry, 371, 872 distinction between abstraction and ideality, 373-language of the fu- ture life, 373-influence of ideality on character, 374, 375-mutual relations and separate agencies of the poetic and scientific functions of the mind, 375, 376
no decisive proof of matter as distinct entity, 377 mind possessed of an original causal agency, 377-the con- ditions of want and knowledge necessary to action of the will, 377, 378- creative power of mind the same in kind as that of Deity, 378- the phraseology of Edwards criticised, 379, 380-neces- sity of choice, 380, 381 - Mr. Hazard rejects foreknowledge of God, 381, 382
the doctrine not opposed to liberty of will, 382-arguments against Mill's doc- trine of causation, 382-384-perma- nent states of the will, 384-386-criti- cism of Mr. Hazard's theory of choice, 386 of the power of contrary choice, 387-390.
Hereditary Insanity, article on, 1-29- former hindrances to its study, 1-3- recent methods and facilities for obser- vation, 3, 4 elements of the brain, and modes of disturbance, 5, 6 - first symp- toms of morbid condition of the brain, 7-hereditary transmission, 8-11 - of bodily features, 8-10 mental and moral qualities, 10-why genius in its highest form is not transmitted, 10-in- struction raises the individual, but he- redity the race, 11-propagation of dis- ease subject to the same laws, 11, 12- mental disease not generally transmitted in the same form as in the parent, 12 -slight affections of the brain, as head- ache, the roots of severe forms of mental
disease, 18-morbid movement ending in insanity, is progressive, 14-some ways in which it is developed, 15, 16 eccentric people and the "insane tem- perament," 16, 17-various manifesta- tions of it, 18 -no part of the mental economy suffers more than the appe- tites, affections, and emotions, 19 lustration of this, 20-general ignorance in regard to the character of mental dis- ease, 22, 23-organic conditions of in- sanity the same as those of political and religious fanaticism, 24, 25-theory (of M. Moreau) that the excitation of nerve- cells producing intellectual greatness is identical with that producing madness, 25-28-proof of such identity wanting, 28, 29.
History, The Laws of, article on, 197-230 -difficulties attending the study of laws of social changes, 197, 198- progress the universal law, 198, 199 - unrecog- nized by the ancients, 199 -the in- fluence of Roman jurisprudence over modern thought, 200, 201-the hopeful view of Hebrew thinkers, and after- wards of the Christian, 201, 202- theory of universal and necessary pro- gress, 202, 203-its unsoundness, 203, 204 cyclical progression, 205 trine of the "social organism," 205 — critical examination of Dr. Draper's development of the doctrine, 206–212 -its arbitrary character, 206-208- Arabic history gives no support to the theory, 209 no good data for reason- ing upon the early state of Asia, 209, 210 decline of nations not senility, illustrated by Russia, Greece, and Rome, 210, 211 -two objections to Dr. Dra- per's theory, 212 the law of organic development in the animal from homo- geneity to heterogeneity, 213, 214 → this law equally true of social progress, 215- 218 shown in productive occupations, 215-in government, 215, 216 in divergences of nations of commón origin, 216, 217 in languages, 217+ Mr. Spencer's definition of life, 219- the law traced from lowest forms to man, 219-221-applied to the progress of society, 221, 222 effect of the polit- ical isolation of ancient communities, 222, 223- the law of change in organic beings identical with that of social life, 223, 224- -progress of man from the condition of aggregations of families to collections of individuals, 224, 225- advance from community to nation, shown by France, 225-idea of national oneness first reached by the Romans, 226- advantage of this to Christianity, 226 -beneficial influence of the Roman Church. 226, 227-personal freedom not recognized among the ancients, 228 -its recognition brought about by the feudal system, Roman Church, and development of industry, 229-the dif-
ferential element in the phenomena of organic and social development, 230. Hungary and Roumania, article on, 176- 197 the interest of the United States in Hungary twenty years ago, 176- Lord Palmerston's position, its fallacy, 176, 177Hungary a separate king- dom until 1849, 177 when it struck for greater parliamentary freedom and was defeated, 178-doctrine of central- ized Austria. 179-attitude of the Vien- nese, 179-of the Italian peasantry, 180 the Ruthenians, 181-great va- riety of races in Hungary, 182 - 184 - predominance of the Magyars, 183 strength of Hungary, even under defeat, 184- - policy of Vou Schierling, 185 the Hungarians repudiate it, 185, 186- plans to bring them to terms, 186 triumph of the Magyars, 186, 187 plans of Russia against Hungary, 187 danger from internal separatists, 188 operations of Mr. Bratiano, 189-the attempts of the Czars through a long period to gain power over the Danu- bian Principalities, 190, 191- annexa- tion of the Crimea, 191, 192- at pres- ent Russia sets Roumania against the Magyars, 192-social condition of Moldo-Wallachia, 193-explains the success of Couza, 193-overthrow of Couza, 194- Mr. Pano, 194- -race quarrels, their folly, 194, 195- dis- course of Kossuth on "Nationalities," 195, 196.
Indian Migrations, article on, 391-442- purpose of the article, 391- common type and name of the native Americans, 392 their occupation of the country at a very remote age, 392-physical causes which influence migration, 393
-slight knowledge we have of the aborigines of South America, 394 - skill attained by the Roving Indians, 394, 395- by the Village Indians, 395 -the occupations of the aborigines, 397fish the principal article of food, 897-migrations of men not accidental, but governed by law, 398-geographi- cal features of North America, prairie areas, 399-403- mountain areas, 403, 404- forest areas, 405-407 - means of subsistence, and centres of population, 407-region east of the Mississippi, 408-fable of the origin of the Crane tribe, 408, note-earthworks of the Mound-Builders, 409-411, note-coun- try about the head-waters of the Missis- sippi, 412-country of the Lower Mis- souri, 412 Canada and Hudson Bay territory, 413- the superiority of the valley of the Columbia for the subsist- ence of Indian tribes, 414-421-the kamash root and edible moss, 415, note
- great number of salinon in the region of Columbia River, 416- Indian modes of taking and preserving them, 417- 419-mild climate of this region, 421
-estimates of the number of Indians upon Columbia River and tributaries, 422-geographical location of Village Indians, 423-425-their condition at the time of the conquest of Mexico, 425 Aztec Confederacy, 426, 427- other nations, 428, 429 degree of eiv- ilization of the Indians of Yucatan and Guatemala, 429, 480- -extent and na- ture of Indian agriculture, 432-436- irrigation, 434-436-lakes near the City of Mexico, 436, 437-explanation of the lake onçe surrounding the city, and its disappearance after the Con- quest, 438-440- hindrances to the advancement of Village Indians, 441,
Kinglake, Alexander William, his Invasion of the Crimea, Vol. II., critical notice of, 612-619.
Kirk, John Foster, his History of Charles the Bold, Vol. III., critical notice of, 596-602.
Language, The Genesis of, article on, 805-367-effects of the conquest of India upon philological knowledge, 305, 306-happy guesses giving way to scientific principles, 306, 307 — exam- ples of the changes undergone by words in form and in meaning, 308, 309- enough known now, to proceed to the inquiry concerning the origin of lan- guage, 310 unsoundness of the theory of one primitive language, 310-312- contraction and vocalization of French, Spanish, and other tongues, 313, 314- "phonetic decay," or integration, 314- 316-method of forming inflected words by integration, 317-319-analysis of twenty, 319-of eleven and twelce, 320, 821- of which and such, 321-exami- nation of the Latin amatur, 321-327- primarily reflexive, 322- the t of amatur, 323-earliest method of form- ing plurals, 327 -constant and varia- ble roots, 328- William von Hum- boldt's classification of language, 329- 331-Schleicher's notation, 330-every language originally of the juxtapositive class, 332- Humboldt's view of lin- guistic development adopted by nearly all eminent philologists, 333 -- rejected by Renan, 323, 334-diagram showing lan- guages derived from the Latin, 335- rapid change of Hindoo dialects, 836 — the lines of division between the three types not clearly traceable, 337-liter- ary dialect of the Chinese, 337 — aggiu- tination not equally prominent in all secondary languages, 338, 239-ter- tiary languages still use the primitive method of compounding roots, 359- originating new inflections, 340-342- effect of printing upon the integrating- process of a language, 346, 347 - some phenomena of the Semitic languages 348-351-comparison between the older Hebrew and younger Arabic, 349,
Lippitt, Francis J., his Military Treatises, critical notice of, 290, 291.
Lists of Some Recent Publications, 302- 304, 620.
Marcel, C., his Study of Languages, criti-
cal notice of, 285-287. Mill, John Stuart, his Subjection of Women, critical notice of, 556 - 565. Müller, Max. M. A., his Chips from a German Workshop, critical notice of, 544-555.
Nicolas, J. B., his Les Quatrains de Kheyam, critical notice of, 565 - 584. Noelleke, Theodor, his Die Alttestament- liche Literatur, critical notice of, 602-
Paraguay and the Present War, article on, 510-543- - arrival of Sebastian Cabot in 1527. 511-the peaceful rule of the Jesuit fathers in Paraguay, 511- their missions, 512- their enemies, 513 Jesuits expelled in 1766, 514- the por- tion of the country which they occupied, 514, 515-first steps towards indepen- dence, 515-royal Spanish governinent deposed, Francia chosen consul and af- terwards dictator, 516 his stern and jealous rule, 516, 517- detention of strangers in the country, 518 - Don Carlos Lopez called to the Presidency; his rigorous rule, 518, 519- his educa- tion, and his ambitious designs, 520- the political complications of Brazil, Uruguay, and Buenos Ayres, 520, 521 Lopez declares war upon Brazil and the Argentine Republic, 522- these coun- tries, with Uruguay, form an alliance against Lopez, 523-size of the Para- guayan army, 524-geographical scene of the war, 524. 525-campaign of 1866, 525-528 of 1867, 528, 529-success of the allies, 529, 530— Count d'Eu in com- mand of the allies, 530 - General Bari- eto's march into the interior of Paraguay, 531 efforts for a reconciliation made by American ministers, 531 - Minister Washburn's course, 532 arrest and torture of Bliss and Masterman, 533- 536 stern discipline of the Paraguayan armies, 537-extreme cruelties of Lo- pez, 537-541 - Mr. McMahon as Ameri- can minister, 542-condition of the respective armies at present, 543. Peirce, B. K., his A Half-Century with Juvenile Delinquents; or, The New
York House of Refuge and its Times, critical notice of. 292, 293.
Prince Society, Publications of the, crit- ical notice of, 609-612.
Report, Eleventh Annual, of the Columbian Institute for the Deaf and Dumb, critical notice of, 287 - 289.
Rückert, Friedrich, his Works, critical no- tice of, 584-594.
Sprague, W. B., his Annals of the Amer-
ican Pulpit, critical notice of, 283-285. Stedman, Edmund Clarence, his The Blameless Prince, and other Poems, critical notice of, 301.
Suez Canal, and the Coast of Egypt, article See Egypt. Volcanoes, article on, 231-265 unusual activity of the literature of volcanoes, 231 -suddenness of an earthquake, 232- volcanoes give warning, 232 - notice of a work on Vesuvius, by John Phillips, 233 by M. Le Hon, 233 - work on New Zealand, by Hochstetter, 234 - on Central America, by Dolifus and Mont Serrat, 234, 235 -geological work of Richtofen, 235 — difficulties of studying volcanoes, 236, 237 definition of vol- cano, 237 called "active," "dormant," " extinct," 237 times of activity and of repose of Vesuvius, 238 the Gunung Gelungung of Java, 238 -the moon an extinct volcano, 229- Volcanic region of Central France, 239
the condition called "solfataric," 239, 240- - condition of Vesuvius in 1843, 240, 241 from 1847 to the present, 241 -condition of partial activity as seen in Stromboli, Etna, Kelauea, 241, 242 — phenomena preceding eruptions, 242, 243- description, by Scrope, of an eruption of Vesuvius in 1822, 244 — ac- tion of a volcano emitting lava, 245 of those sending out ashes and cinders, appearance of an eruption at night, 245-electric phenomena of an eruption, 246 - Vesuvius in 1794, 246- the different matters ejected, 246-im- mense distances to which volcanic lava, rocks, and ashes are thrown, 248, 249 Herculaneum and Pompeii buried by mud-flow, 249-formation of cones of volcanoes, 250- - why molten lava seeks an issue below the summit, 251-va- rieties of lava, 251, 252 -formation of volcanic cones, 253, 254-crater-of-ele- vation theory, 254-256- volcanoes with encircling ring, 256-258-" circle of fire" about the Pacific, 256-260- active volcanoes of South America, 260, 261 volcanic phenomena of North America, 261–265.
Page 551, line 5, for "wind" read "mind."
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