The living of St. Peter's becoming va cant in 1613, Sir John Peyton, without taking any advice, appointed Elias Messervy, a Jersey man, who had been episcopally ordained, and was determined not to subscribe to the Calvinistic discipline. The elders of that church, on their side, would not have him as their pastor, "if he did not submit as the others to the maintenance of peace and the union of the churches." The colloquy humbly requested that the case be referred to the next synod; but Sir John was immovable, and demanded obedience. The colloquy, not daring to resist further, yielded. Their weakness naturally gave fresh courage to their adversaries, who resolved to give the decisive blow. They sent another complaint to the king in council, in which it was stated that the inhabitants generally were discontented with the discipline of their Church, and preferred the Anglican form. Both parties were summoned to appear at court. Messervy, the incumbent of St. Peter's, and Marrett, the attorney-general, were deputed by the Anglican party, and David Bandinel, Thomas Olivier, Nicholas Essart, and Samuel de la Place, ministers, by the Presbyterians. De la Place was seduced by the hope of becoming first dean of the new Church, and betrayed the cause he had promised to serve. The other three defended the rights of their party as best they could. But the debate was purely formal. The commissioners, one of whom was Abbot the Archbishop of Canterbury, were all Churchmen who had determined beforehand to Anglicanize the Jersey Calvinists. The archbishop declared to the deputies, "that for the restoration of peace and good order in the island, his Majesty found it necessary in the first place to revive the office of dean, and would appoint to it one from among themselves, who should have instructions given to him by way of interim for his and their present conduct, till things could be more perfectly settled. That to attain to such a settlement they were to go back to their respective charges, and confer with their brethren in the island about compiling a new body of canons and constitutions, as near in conformity to the Church of England as their laws and usages (from which his Majesty had no intention to derogate) would bear. That the liturgy which had formerly been translated into French for their use, should again be sent to them, yet without tying them to a strict observ. ance of everything therein, his Majesty having so good an opinion of their judg. ment that he doubted not but the more they grew acquainted with the book the better they would like it.” The deputies of the colloquy returned to Jersey, and had not much difficulty in persuading themselves and others that they must yield. An order of James I., dated June 14, 1618, charged the States (the political power) to nominate "three of the most grave and learned ministers there, out of which his Majesty may please to choose one for a dean." On the rec ommendation of the governor and Archbishop of Canterbury, David Bandinel, one of those who were deputed to support the polity and discipline of Presbyterianism, was appointed. He was an Italian by birth and of noble extraction. ability, and took an important part in the He was [says Le Quesne] a man of great affairs of the island; but his sudden change from Presbyterianism to Episcopacy does not denote consistency or principle; and his hostility to Sir Philip de Carteret, tinctured with the spirit of Italian revenge and cruelty, without a grain of generosity or Christian feeling, led him to espouse the cause of the Parlia His life was a very ment against the Crown. chequered one: he had to endure most severe trials, misfortunes, and calamities, and he died miserably, without the solace or consolation which a friend affords.* Olivier, another of the Presbyterian deputies, was appointed sub-dean. As regards De la Place, disappointed at not receiving the promised deanery, he retired to Guernsey, where he became a deter mined supporter of Presbyterianism. The other ministers seem to have been won over with little trouble. They became Anglican clergymen; not one gave in his resignation. The canons prepared by the ministers were submitted to the governor, bailiff, and jurats, but did not meet with their approval. They deputed three jurats to urge their objections before the lords of the council. The Archbishop of Canterbury, with the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester, were commissioned to examine into the matter, and they so modified the project as to render it acceptable to both parties. The canons were confirmed and approved by King James I. on June 30, 1623, and have to this day continued to be the ecclesiastical law of Jersey. Presbyterianism continued in Guernsey forty years longer than in Jersey. The chief cause of this was that the governors of that island were opposed to the change Le Quesnc, Constitutional History of Jersey, p. 171. on political grounds. One of them, the | baptism, which was for a time omitted Earl of Danby, sent Charles I. a memorial explaining the reasons for not modifying the discipline. It ended in these words: I presume to add that the time itself is no way meet for this alteration, in respect of the troubles in Jersey, under the new dean, which will make those of Guernsey the more averse. Lastly, there being many old ministers in Guernsey, if they die, we shall not know from whence to supply them with others, for out of France they will not come to us, and here we can find few or none.* The intensity of Presbyterian feeling in Guernsey was so great that the people embraced the cause of the Parliament against the king. The islands, being dependencies of the English crown, though not under the jurisdiction of Parliament, had no political interest in the triumph of the latter. Their attitude brought upon the people great calamities; their commerce was ruined, and their ships were taken by Jersey pirates. It was Charles II. who, by the Act of Uniformity, put an end to all resistance in Guernsey. The unpublished correspondence of the first dean of the island allows us briefly to relate here the circumstances of this crisis. This man, John de Saumarez, rector of St. Martin's, belonged to one of the high families of the island, and was cousin to the bailiff. He was an ardent royalist, and at the Restoration, without waiting the Act of Uniformity, he introduced the Liturgy in his parish, notwithstanding the opposition of his parishioners. His zeal was rewarded. An order from the king, dated July 15, 1662, and addressed to Lord Hatton, the gov. ernor, required that the Act of Uniformity should be enforced in Guernsey, and appointed John de Saumarez dean of that island and its dependencies, "from the good report," says the document, "we have had both of his sufficiency and abilities to discharge that office, and of his fidelity to us, and approved inclination to our church government." The royal order Saumarez brought from London with his nomination was received by the inhabitants of Guernsey with divided feelings. The court readily enrolled the king's let ter; but the pastors followed the example of the two thousand ministers in England, and gave in their resignation. As for the people generally, they showed little favor to the alteration. They protested energetically against the sign of the cross in Tupper, History of Guernsey, p. 226. because they left off having their children baptized. The dean could not be seen in certain parts of the country without being insulted, and the churches in which he preached were almost empty. At the Vale there were only. two communicants, and he wrote that "there were not ten persons in that parish who were conformed." When elections for constables and vingteniers took place, candidates most zealously opposed to the new views were elected. Religious conventicles were opened in several places, and presided over by ministers who had resigned, laymen, or even women; and they were yet held twenty years after the Restoration. On August 30, 1681, the dean, writing to the bailiff, said: "You do well to suppress conventicles; that will prevent complaints being made against our island." The man in whom opposition to Angli. canism was personified was Thomas Le Marchant, the minister of St. Sampson and the Vale, a distinguished scholar, who wrote a remarkable work on Norman laws and customs. "This excellent man," says Tupper, "who was greatly in advance of his age, after taking his degrees at Cambridge, passed some years at the academy of Caen, where he enjoyed the friendship of the learned Bochart and Huet, who corresponded with him on his return to Guernsey." He was one of the first to resign his benefice. Around him gathered all those who preferred the austerity of Calvinistic worship to Anglicanism, and the government of an elected assembly to that of a man alone. He engaged in a very unequal conflict with Saumarez, who had the political power on his side. Le Marchant was obliged to find security for one thousand écus for good behavior. Nor did his trials end there. We find by the correspondence of the dean that he not only imprisoned him in Cornet Castle, but later obtained of the governor his incarceration in the Tower of London, which he quitted only in 1667, "on his entering into recognizance of £1,000 that he shall not at any time presume to go to the isl and of Guernsey. To make the people submit to the royal order, the Guernsey court, at the instigation of the dean, issued a decree which obliged every person exercising an office, whether civil or military, to partake of the Lord's Supper according to the form of the Church of England. This of course was but following out the legislation and policy of the English king and Parliament. King Charles II. personally interposed by addressing letters to the Court encour- If by degrees the remaining vestiges of Presbyterianism tend to disappear, something of the Presbyterian spirit survives in both islands. Is it not, indeed, prob. able, that to such a feeling is due the great success of Methodism, which, appearing a century back, has drawn within its orbit nearly one-half of the population? * History of Guernsey, p. 350. From Tinsley's Magazine. JOHNNIE'S DIARY-FROM LONDON TO NEW YORK. MY DEAR MAMMA, Ship Europa. As you told me to be sure and write to you and tell you all that happened every day, I think I had better begin at once. After we left you all standing at the gate, and drove away, I felt rather low, and put my hand in my pocket to get out my handkerchief, because I felt like crying; however, I did not, because I came across a brandy ball, which was sticking to the inside of my pocket, in one of the corners, and after I had eaten that I felt cheered up considerably, and can now quite understand people taking to drink when they are very unhappy. ask after you, and as I know that is the proper thing to do, I waited till she had left off laughing for a moment, and said: "Mamma is pretty well in health, thank you, but rather distressed, of course, about papa going away." Papa got rather red, and the young lady leaned over the counter and said, "Gracious! who is that?" I don't think she addressed me, but I answered that my name was Johnnie Campbell, and that papa was my papa. She looked surprised, and did not speak for a moment, then she laughed very loudly, and called papa a base deceiver." Pa laughed, too, but he looked like I feel when you find out that I have not been to school when I say I have; he shook hands with the young lady before we left the refreshment room, and said something to her very softly. I edged up closely to him under pretence of wanting to pick some plums out of a bath bun, and tried to hear what he said, because I thought it might interest you, dear mamma, but I could not. I daresay it was only some message which papa sent by the pretty young lady, and you will have had it by this time. On the platform I got dreadfully knocked about, and had to be quite angry with a porter, who ran a truck full of boxes into me, and hurt me very much; however, he apologized, and said, "I hope you are not hurt, captain ? So I let it pass. He must have known that I was going on a ship by calling me captain." I wonder how he found out. In the train were only two other people besides ourselves at least, I mean in our carriage one was an old man, and the other a lady, and we had a window each. I looked out of mine for some time, but did not think much of the scenery; then I thought I would go over to the other window where the lady and old man sat, and see what it was like there. I went very carefully, because the old man was asleep, and though he was making dreadful snoring noises, something like hogs make, I did not want to awaken him; however, just as I reached him, the train gave a jump, and I fell upon his feet. Iam sorry to say that he swore very badly, and called me several profane names. Pa was Papa was very silent till we reached also angry, which I thought unreasonable; the railway station, when he seemed to but the lady took my part, and let me sit brighten up a bit. He took me into the upon her lap. I could not well reprove refreshment room and bought me some the old man for his temper, so I talked cakes; there was a very pretty lady there," at him," like you do sometimes at papa. and pa and she seemed to know each I told the lady that I was going for a other very well. I don't think her man- trip to America with my papa, but that I ners were very good, because she did not thought it would have been better had I stayed at home, if I was to hear many | send me home. So I remained silent and such words as those which had just been listened to their conversation, while preaddressed to me. I said that old men tending to look at the houses and shops. ought to think, before they speak, of the I am afraid papa is a "sad dog." I will influence their example will have on the say no more, because I do not wish to rising generation, and a lot more like make you uneasy. that. The lady laughed, but I think I I was glad when we reached the ship, made the old man pretty mad. Papa told and we went on board at once, as it was me to "shut up," which was rude, and be- almost time to start. All was in a commogan talking to the lady himself. They got tion, and I got rather hustled about, as, of very good friends, and I was rather neg- course, I wished to see what was going on. lected. The lady said she was going to There was a little scene on the ship just America, too, and by our ship, so I dare before we started. A woman came on say I will be able to tell you more about board with three children, and told the her. Papa said he was very glad, and captain that her husband had taken his they seemed to find plenty to talk about. passage on our ship, and was trying to The lady's name is Miss Josephine Mel-run away from her. She found his boxes, ton, but her friends always call her "Jo." and sat upon them with the children and It reminded me of the song, My name is would not move; the ship was searched, Joseph Buxton, my friends all call me Jo," and at last they found the husband hiding and I hummed the tune, but she did not in the place where they keep the coals, and seem to notice; in fact, dear mamma, delivered him up to his wife. I never until the end of the journey I was left saw a man look so wretched in my life; quite to myself, and nothing particular his face was perfectly livid, and his eyes happened till we reached Liverpool. looked like the eyes of a rabbit I once saved from some dogs. His wife seemed awfully pleased to get him, and cried and hung on to him like anything; so did the children. But he did not speak, though she kept saying, "Oh, Charlie, how could you leave me!" And they all went away together, and his boxes were put off the ship. I think I must have a tender heart, for this scene made me rather sad, but a sponge cake comforted me. Liverpool, as I have learned in my geography, is a handsome town, situated on the west coast of England, and greatly surpasses London in the extent of its for eign trade, especially with America and Ireland. The Mersey Docks are, perhaps, the largest in England, extending some miles down the river, and the public buildings are very fine. As we drove from the railway station, I looked out of the window to see if I could see any of the fine The scene when we started was most buildings, but I could not, and, unfortu- exciting. All the people on shore cheered nately, the door of the cab came open as I as though they were glad to get rid of us, was leaning against it, and I fell out. I and all the people on board cheered as was not hurt much, but the lady, who though they were glad to go; yet some of came in the cab with us, was greatly fright- those who said "hurrah" the loudest had ened, and fainted into papa's arms. He tears in their eyes. One young fellow, I was very kind to her, and glared at me noticed, who was going with us, had an awfully, which was unnatural, considering elderly man and two girls to see him off, what a narrow escape I had had; but I and I could not help getting near to them, am fast coming to the conclusion that and listening to what they said, because papa does not care much for his own flesh they were laughing so, and seemed cheerand blood when there are any nice girls ful, though their faces were pale; the girls about; but don't let this worry you, dear were teasing him about being seasick, mamma; I may be wrong. I think Miss and telling him to mind and make his forJo rather liked papa's arm round her, be-tune quickly, and he said he would, and cause she let him keep it there until we reached the docks, and she smiled at him and said she hoped he did not think her very childish and silly. Papa said it was very natural she should be frightened, and I deserved to be whipped. I thought this rather hard, and so I asked Miss Jo how she managed about fainting when there were no men near to catch her. She turned very red, and papa said if I did not mind my p's and q's he would laughed a great deal. All at once he said he thought he had better go and look after his boxes, and went away for a few moments; when he came back there was more laughing and more teasing from the girls, who seemed to get whiter and whiter as they grew merrier and merrier. I heard him send his best love to his mother, and then he thought he had better go and see after his boxes again. He did this so many times, always coming back in higher spir E its, that I thought they might be worth see ing; so the seventh time he rushed off I followed him. Would you believe it, dear mamma, there were no boxes at all; he just got behind a high part of the ship and took out his handkerchief, and wiped his eyes, then pulled himself together, and went back smiling; but I think, perhaps, the girls knew why he went away. When the ship really started, after he had kissed them over and over again, he waved and cheered till they were out of sight; then he unstrapped a queer-looking parcel, which he had held in his hand all the time, and took out a banjo and tuned it, putting bis hand across his eyes two or three times; when he got it right, he played half a tune, then he let the banjo fall, and laid his head down upon his hands, and I crept away. I shall be kind to him if I get a chance. I do wish, dear mamma, that you could see the Mersey Docks. My geography was quite right. They are very fine, and I was much interested in looking at the ships as we passed. There were so many masts that one side of the river looked like a dead forest. We passed the City of Rome (the ship, not the place where the pope lives, that being in Italy). It is very large. I walked about the ship a good deal, and made friends with the people. They seem to find me entertaining; they thought the lady who came down in the train with us was my mamma, as she and papa sat together, and had a railway rug between them. Of course, I corrected the mistake, and they were much amused at two or three things I told them. I seem quite popular already, and I think you would feel proud of the impression your son has made. Papa does not look after me at all, but I am appreciated else where, so do not fear that your Johnnie will be lonely. There is a young child of about six on board who has been making advances towards me, but I have not reciprocated as yet. She is rather pretty, but I do not wish to be drawn into a flirtation unless I am very hard up for amusement. Will you tell Violet Grey this? Also, that I am still wearing the tablet sweet she gave me, with "Take My Love" written upon it, next my heart, though it is getting sticky, and is rather uncomfortable. I am afraid it will have melted before I come home. Dear mamma, I think this must do for to-day, as we are going to have tea now. To-morrow I intend going over the emigrants' portion of the ship, and will tell You will be sorry to hear that I passed a very bad night; in fact, did not sleep a wink. The ship behaved in a most ridiculous manner, and several times I thought we were going to the bottom, and that you would never see your Johnnie again. I rolled out of my berth five times, and received many injuries, which I bear without complaint. I do not know whether papa caught cold sitting on deck with Miss Jo until eleven last night, but he coughed a great deal during the night, and a man kept bringing him basins. I suppose it was gruel, but I could not see very well as I sleep above him, and each time I tried to look I fell out. He seemed to take a great deal, and kept the man employed all night. He was too unwell to rise this morning, so I went to breakfast without him. told them about papa's cough, and they laughed, the captain especially. He says it is quite a usual thing for people to be taken like that. Miss Jo was not down to breakfast nor a great many others. One of the gentlemen said he expected they had all got coughs, and then every one laughed. I failed to see the joke, and finished my breakfast in silence. Except among the emigrants, I have seen no seasickness, and feel quite well myself, and my appetite is very good. I ate two rashers of bacon, one egg, two sardines, and some bread and jam for my breakfast, so do not be anxious about my health, dear mamma. People behave very strangely at table here. Two gentlemen suddenly threw down their knives and forks and rushed out of the cabin without a word. The captain did not seem surprised, but said they had remembered that they had letters to write, and were afraid of missing the post at Belfast, where we touch. I still think they might have gone more quietly. None of the ladies came to breakfast, nor did I see them on deck when I went there. I must tell you, dear mamma, that I have great difficulty in controlling my limbs, especially my legs, and I crawl about the deck a good deal, as I find it safer than walking. The way the ship rolls about is most extraordinary, and I |