ment agencies, and by the close of the year 4,008 copies of the various volumes and of the 1938 supplement had been sold. Approximately $10,000 was received by the Government from these sales.

During the fiscal year the Division of the Federal Register examined and edited for accuracy of legal citation and style the drafts of 322 Presidential proclamations and Executive orders before they were submitted to the President for signature. Most of those signed were printed in the Federal Register, and the rest were printed in slip form. The practice of notifying Government agencies of the signing of any such proclamations and orders of interest to them was continued, and photostats were furnished upon request. The Civil Service Commission was provided with certified photostats of all Executive orders affecting the civil service in any way. A total of 16,438 slip copies or photostats of proclamations and Executive orders were furnished during the year for official use and private study, and considerable service was rendered in response to requests for information to be found in documents filed with the Division.

ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIVITIES

Organizational changes.-In the course of the year the Messenger and Transportation Service and the Telephone Switchboard were merged into the Building and Grounds Section, which was then designated as the Division of Building Management and Service. With this exception the organization of The National Archives as shown on the chart printed on page 43 of the Fifth Annual Report of the Archivist remained unchanged.

Personnel. Changes involving the heads of operating units of The National Archives were relatively few. John R. Russell, Chief of the Division of Cataloging since October 15, 1935, resigned effective April 1, 1940, to become Librarian of the University of Rochester, and Esther S. Chapin was designated as Acting Chief of the Division. On November 16, 1939, Arthur H. Leavitt, Chief of the Division of Commerce Department Archives, was designated also as Acting Chief of the Division of Post Office Department Archives, a position previously held by Frank D. McAlister, who continued to serve as Chief of the Division of Justice Department Archives and Acting Chief of the Division of Legislative Archives.

The number of persons employed in The National Archives at the beginning of the fiscal year was 355. During the year there were 82 appointments and 67 terminations; the net increase, therefore, was 15. The number employed as of June 30 was 370. New employees were, as they have been since November 23, 1938, appointed in conformity with civil-service laws and regulations. Some difficulty was experienced in acquiring satisfactory professional personnel because there was no

civil-service register for archivists. A partial solution to this difficulty seemed to be in prospect, however, for the Civil Service Commission included an examination for junior archivists as one of the options in the junior professional assistant examination given during the year. Progress was made during the year in obtaining civil-service status for employees on the staff on November 23, 1938, who were eligible for recommendation and certification by the Archivist for this status in accordance with a provision of the Independent Offices Appropriation Act for 1939. Nine additional employees were certified to the Commission during the year, bringing to 331 the number thus certified, and 76 employees were given classified status, bringing to 306 the number in this category. If nine employees whose certifications were withdrawn because they had died, transferred, or resigned are left out of account, civil-service status had been accorded at the close of the year to 95 percent of the employees who were eligible for certification. There were 103 promotions to higher grades and 75 administrative promotions within grade during the year.

An important step affecting personnel taken during the year was the promulgation in October of a statement of the employee relations policy of The National Archives, the introductory paragraph of which reads as follows:

Since maximum efficiency can be attained only through harmonious relations with employees and by the equitable adjustment of all problems, complaints, or charges arising out of working conditions or out of unfairness or discrimination in the allocation of work, classification of positions, salary, efficiency ratings, promotions, demotions, transfers, separations, and other personnel matters, The National Archives recognizes the right of employees to discuss orally and informally personnel problems or suggestions and their right to present in writing formal complaints or charges arising from the above. Employees of The National Archives have the right to join any employee organization formed for the purpose of promoting the welfare of its members. There shall be no discrimination against any employee by reason of his membership or nonmembership in any such organization, and in all procedures listed below employees may act personally or through representatives of their own choosing. Following this statement were listed detailed procedures for the presentation of problems or suggestions by employees and for the presentation of complaints or charges by either employees or the heads of operating units. Local Union No. 180 of the United Federal Workers of America, an affiliate of the Congress of Industrial Organizations, was organized in The National Archives in March 1940, and the Chief of the Division of Personnel and Pay Roll was designated as liaison officer with the union.

Approximately half of the members of the staff of The National Archives hold bachelor degrees, about 9 percent hold the degree of doctor of philosophy, and many are pursuing graduate or undergraduate studies at local educational institutions. To supplement the

general education possessed by its employees, The National Archives maintains an in-service training program. During the fiscal year 1940 this program included 128 seminar conferences held in 15 different operating units, 2 general seminars open to members of the staff having certain qualifications, and an archival training course carrying graduate credit, which was conducted in cooperation with the American University; and informational material of general interest was distributed to members of the staff. Fifty-four persons registered for the general seminars, 38 of them for a seminar on “National Archives Correspondence and Report Writing," conducted by the Chief of the Division of Reference, and 16 for the "Seminar in Federal Administrative History," conducted by the Director of Publications; in view of the size of the enrollment it was necessary to divide the former seminar into two groups, one of which was conducted by the Assistant Chief of the Division of Reference. The course offered in cooperation with the American University, which was entitled "The History and Administration of Archives," was conducted by the Director of Publications and Dr. Ernst Posner of the American University and was attended by 20 persons, all but 5 of whom were members of the National Archives staff.

The results of this program were so satisfactory that plans were being made at the end of the year to develop it further during the coming year by adding an in-service training course for secretaries and stenographers and by developing an orientation course to familiarize all new employees of The National Archives with the organization and work of the agency. It is expected that the cooperative program with the American University will also be expanded as a result of a grant to the American Council of Learned Societies by the Carnegie Corporation that will make available for the next 3 years the services of Dr. Posner. Courses tentatively planned include: "The History and Administration of Archives" (by Dr. Posner and Dr. Buck); "Introduction to the Study of History" and "Materials for Research in Modern History" (by Dr. Posner); "Comparative Administrative History" (by Dr. Posner) and "Historical Backgrounds of the Federal Administrative System" (by Dr. Louis Hunter of the university staff); and "The Role of Records in Public Administration" and "Principles of Record Administration" (by Miss Helen L. Chatfield, Treasury Department Archivist).

Included in the informational material distributed to members of the staff were quarterly summaries of the activities of The National Archives, compiled by the Administrative Secretary from the reports of heads of operating units, and five additional numbers in the series of Staff Information Circulars, four of which were issued during the previous year. Of these circulars, No. 5 is an 18-page article by

Theodore R. Schellenberg, Chief of the Division of Agriculture Department Archives, on "European Archival Practices in Arranging Records"; No. 6 is a 15-page compilation by Solon J. Buck, Director of Publications, of "Selected References on Phases of Archival Economy"; No. 7 is a 15-page article by Collas G. Harris, Executive Officer, on "Personnel Administration at The National Archives"; No. 8 is a 10-page article by Vernon D. Tate, Chief of the Division of Photographic Archives and Research, on "Microphotography in Archives"; and No. 9 is a 14-page article by Philip C. Brooks, of the Division of Independent Agencies Archives, on "What Records Shall We Preserve?"

Members of the staff continued to participate during the year in the activities of international, national, or regional associations and in specialized organizations of archivists, historians, political scientists, geographers, librarians, bibliographers, motion-picture engineers, public administrators, and the like, by attending meetings, serving on committees, and contributing papers. A list of the professional publications of staff members is printed as appendix V of this report. Members of the staff also advised or otherwise cooperated in the work of such agencies as the American Council of Learned Societies, the Committee on Scientific Aids to Learning, the Division of Cultural Relations of the Department of State, the Joint Committee on Materials for Research, the National Research Council, the National Resources Planning Board, and the United States Antarctic Service. The Director of Publications, the Chief of the Division of Classification, and the Chief of the Division of Maps and Charts were designated as official delegates of The National Archives to the Eighth American Scientific Congress, which was held in Washington in May, and the Chief of the Division of Photographic Archives and Research served as one of the official delegates of the United States to the Fifteenth International Conference on Documentation, which was held in Zürich in August, and investigated developments in documentary reproduction and archival economy in Switzerland, Italy, France, the Netherlands, and Norway.

Public relations.-Over 48,000 persons, 3,000 more than during the preceding year, visited the National Archives Building. Of primary interest to these visitors were the exhibits of archival material on display in the Exhibition Hall, which were changed from time to time and were planned so that documents connected with important historical events would be shown on anniversaries of the dates of the events. Among several special exhibits arranged during the year were those of documents relating to Latin America, which were placed on display in connection with the Eighth American Scientific Congress and the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of

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the Pan American Union; of documents bearing signatures of the Presidents and of the members of the cabinets of Presidents Washington, Adams, and Jefferson; of neutrality proclamations issued by Presidents from Washington to Franklin D. Roosevelt; and of documents of particular interest to women, which were displayed in connection with a meeting of the Washington branch of the World Center of Women's Archives. Exhibits consisting of copies of noteworthy documents and photographs of activities of The National Archives were installed at the meeting places of the Eighth American Scientific Congress, the Washington branch of the World Center of Women's Archives, and the American Historical Association.

Some 60,000 publications of The National Archives, including about 4,000 copies of Annual Reports of the Archivist and 55,000 copies of descriptive circulars, were distributed during the year, chiefly to visitors. Besides furnishing publications and other data in response to requests, information concerning The National Archives was also disseminated by radio programs explaining the work of the establishment, which were prepared by The National Archives and were broadcast in five States through the cooperation of the Office of Government Reports; by numerous newspaper and periodical articles written by journalists and others who visited the building; and by a short sound picture entitled "The Archives,” which was made and released by Columbia Pictures Corporation. In conformity with its policy, The National Archives issued no prepared statements for publication, but whenever possible it furnished information and photographs and otherwise assisted writers and photographers in their work. Among the photographs concerning The National Archives published during the year were reproductions in color of the murals in the Exhibition Hall, which were printed in an announcement concerning United States Savings Bonds issued by the Treasury Department.

Receipts and expenditures.-The National Archives Act, section 9, requires the Archivist to include in his report to Congress a "detailed statement . . . of all receipts and expenditures" on account of The National Archives. In accordance therewith the following statement is submitted:

Funds available for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1940

The Independent Offices Appropriation Act, 1940, approved March 16, 1939 (Public, No. 8, 76th Cong.), provided appropriations of $850,000 for the salaries and expenses and $14,000 for the printing and binding of The National Archives for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1940. With the permission of the Bureau of the Budget, no reserve was set up from these funds because of the need for (1) coping with the increase in the regular activities of The National Archives;