and enjoined not to repeat the same act under the pain of exposing himself to the highest censure of the Church.

16.-Meeting of the English Roman Cathoclic, in Willis's Rooms, to protest against the suppression of religious houses in Italy and the expulsion of the Jesuits from Germany.

17.-Debate on Sir R. Blennerhassett's bill for the purchase of Irish railways by the State, Lord Hartington promising on the part of the Government that careful consideration would be given to the question.

18.-The Ballot Bill receives the Royal

National festival in Norway in celebration of the thousandth anniversary of the establishment of the kingdom. At Christiana Prince Oscar, attended by the Prime Minister, Stang, unveiled the national monument in the presence of deputations from the Storthing, the University, and the Supreme Court.

19. Mr. Arthur Helps gazetted K. C.B.

Came on at the Dorset Assizes, before Mr. Justice Mellor, a right of common case, in which the nominal litigants were Davis v. Thorne, but the real parties in the dispute the Earl of Shaftesbury, Lord Normanton, Lady Bingham, and other freeholders, on the one hand, and Mr. Fryer, lord of the manor of Verwood, in Dorset, on the other. The plaintiff Davis was a tenant of Lord Normanton, and before certain enclosures were made-now the subject of litigation-he could drive his cattle at once from his homestead on to the common. But by these enclosures-made by the defendant-he had been shut out, and compelled to go on to the turnpike road in order to get to a portion of his farm, thus putting him to a very great inconvenience. A great number of witnesses came forward, it being argued from the evidence that by the making of the enclosures the lord of the manor had enriched himself, while the rights of the freeholders had been destroyed. Verdict for the plaintiff, with nominal damages of 40s.

20.-The Edinburgh Court of Session give judgment in the Belhaven peerage case, finding that Mr. James Hamilton, North Leith, had established his claim, and remitted to the Sheriff of Chancery to serve him heir to the earldom.

21.-In view of the difficulty of procuring praiseworthy competitive dramas for the "T. P. Cooke National Prize," the Master of the Rolls transfers the 3,000l. bequest from that purpose to the general fund of the Royal Dramatic College.

22.-Lord Granard states in the House of Lords that, having read the papers relating to Mr. Justice Keogh's judgment on the Galway Election Petition, he was unable either to modify or retract any expressions contained in his published letter on the subject. Under these circumstances he had placed his resignation of the lord-lieutenancy of Leitrim in the hands of the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, and his resignation had been accepted. In the Commons Mr. Gladstone announces that Government intended to prosecute the Bishop of Clonfert and nineteen priests for illegal practices at the Galway election.

A proposal to grant a pension of 1,000. (in addition to an equal sum paid out of the Indian revenue) to Lady Mayo agreed to by both Houses.

Replying to a memorial signed by 7,000 lay members of the Church of England on the subject of the Athanasian Creed, the Archbishops of Canterbury and York write to Lord Shaftesbury --"While we think it right to pay due attention to the legitimate scruples of those who, through their zeal to maintain the truth as it has ever been taught by the Church of Christ, feel great anxiety respecting any change, we fully anticipate that, in conjunction with our brethren, we shall be able to devise some plan which will meet the wishes of that other large body of persons who object to the solemn use of words which they regard as unauthorised, in their most obvious sense, either by the letter or the spirit of Holy Scripture."

Died, aged 60 years, General Don Benito Juarez, President of the Republic of Mexico, and the successful rival of the Emperor Maximilian, whom he put to death.

24.-Commenting on the Keogh ju igment, the Freeman's Journal attacks the Prime Minister:-"Unhappy Ireland ! Ill-fated people! The serpent whom the nation warmed into vitality and power, 'the people's William,' is the first among the foremost to curl his viper tail and strike his envenomed fang into the national heart, not only prosecuting the bishops and priests for being true to their people, but seeking, by a deep-laid plot, to stifle their defence." On the attention of the House being called to the words, the Irish Attorney.

General said it was not his intention to instiute a prosecution in regard to that article, and ne was surprised that Colonel Knox, being an Irishman himself, should not have known that such things were customary in that country.

24. Mr. Gilpin's bill for the abolition of capital punishment rejected by 167 votes to 54.

Meeting of the Church Association to promote the presentation of a lay memorial to the Bishops, and a protest on the subject of the Bennett judgment.

25.-Edward E. Stokes tried for the murder of James Fisk at New York, but the jury declare themselves unable to agree upon a verdict.

26. Mr. Vernon Harcourt's motion, "That the administration of the law under the existing system is costly, dilatory, ar.d inefficient; that a competent commission having reported that the judicial organisation is defective in all its branches, it is desirable that her Majesty's Government should, in the next session of Parliament, present to this House a measure for its reform and reconstruction, which, without increasing the public charge, shall provide for the more effectual, speedy, and economical administration of justice," rejected after debate by 60 votes to 45.

27.-Mdlle. Christine Nilsson married to M. Rouzaud at Westminster Abbey.

28.-Subscriptions received for the French loan of 120,000,000l. issued at 84f. 50c. Total amount subscribed 1,720,000,000%.

29.-Earl Derby calls the attention of the House of Lords to the treatment experienced by Dr. Hooker, director of Kew Gardens, at the hands of Mr. Ayrton, First Commissioner of Works. After tracing the history of Kew Gardens, and the distinguished scientific career, first of Sir W. Hooker and then of his son, he stated from the blue book the acts of which Dr. Hooker complained, and charged the First Commissioner of Works with systematic arro gance and disregard of the courtesies of official life.

31.-Died, aged 67, Augustus Smith, the lessee (under the Duchy of Cornwall) or king of the Scilly Isles, with no neighbouring proprietor nearer than the Land's End on one side and Newfoundland on the other.

Curtius on behalf of the learned societies, delivered congratulatory addresses. The Rector, Dr. Döllinger, in reply to Professor Max Müller, remarked that the many good sides of the English Universities were not unknown in Germany, and Oxford especially was venerated as a model and an elder sister.

31.-At a meeting of the Suez Canal Company the estimated revenue for the year was stated to be 22,000,000f., leaving a profit of 6,650,000f., in consequence of the new mode of applying the tariffs. Eight hundred and eighty-seven vessels passed through the canal during the first six months of 1872, producing 7,244,000f., or an increase of 45 per cent. on the preceding halfyear. The calculation of the tariff on the basis of the gross tonnage instead of the net tonnage produced since the 1st of July an increase of 50 per cent. in the receipts.

Died, aged 19 years, François Louis Marie Philippe, Duc de Guise, only surviving child of the Duc d'Aumale, by his late consort Marie Caroline Auguste, daughter of the Prince of Salerno.

The

The return from the bankers' clearing house, for the week ending to-day, shows a total of 147,553,000l. In the corresponding week of last year it was 116,642,000/. largest return ever known previously to the present one was for the week ending the 3rd ult., when it amounted to 142,045,000/.

2.-The Select Committee appointed to report upon the whole subject of railway communication between the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, and the Persian Gulf, issue their report. The committee state that the evidence which they have taken has satisfied them that there is no insuperable obstacle in the way of the construction of a railway from some suitable port in the Mediterranean to some other suitable port at or near the head of the Persian Gulf; that there is more than one port which might be selected at either end of the line; that there are several practicable routes; that there would be no difficulty in procuring the neces sary supply of labour and of materials for constructing a railway; and that there need be no apprehension of its being exposed to injury by natives, either during the process of its construction or after it shall have been completed. The committee think that 10,000,000l. would cover the expenses of the shortest route proposed. In conclusion, the report says: Speaking generally, your committee are of

opinion that the two routes, by the Red Sea and by the Persian Gulf, might be maintained and used simultaneously; that at certain seasons and for certain purposes the advantage would lie with the one, and at other seasons and for other purposes it would lie with the other; that it may fairly be expected that in process of time traffic enough for the support of both would develop itself, but that this result must not be expected too soon; that the political and commercial advantages of establishing a second route would at any time be considerable, and might, under possible circumstances, be exceedingly great; and that it would be worth the while of the English Government to make an effort to secure them, considering the moderate pecuniary risk which they would incur."

3. Collision at Clifton Junction, on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, between an express and a goods train. Five persons killed and several seriously injured.

Murder and suicide at Gerson near Lucerne, an American shooting a young lady walking with her mother and sister, and discharging a pistol through his own head.

5.-Publication in the Gazette of the official despatches from Dr. Livingstone, brought home by Mr. Stanley, who had arrived in London on the 2nd inst., after a short stay at Paris. They comprised six letters, the first addressed to Lord Stanley, being dated the 15th of November, 1870, and the last to Earl Granville, dated Unyanyembe, near the Kazeh of Sheke, February 20, 1872. In 1866 Dr. Livingstone had entered Africa from Zanzibar, but far south of the Nile system. The great valley of the Zambezi, with its tributary, Lake Nyassa, already familiar to him, was the scene of his first labours. Thence he worked northwards over the watershed in search of streams that might feed the infant Nile, and at last, deserted by his guides and worn out by toil, but rewarded by the discovery of the great river Chambezi, he reached Ujiji, the Arab trade depôt on Lake Tanganyika, in 1869. There he rested for a while, and then started again on the same quest. Again he was rewarded by the sight of a great river called Lualaba, which he succeeded in tracing back till it was identified with the Chambezi of his former discovery. But he was worn down by illness and exhaustion. His feet were sore with ulcers, his followers had mutinied, his s'ores were exhausted, and he had no resource but to fall back once more on Ujiji, which he reached for the second time, utterly dispirited

and forlorn, and, in his own expressive phrase, "a mere ruckle of bones," in the middle of October 1871. But he had not long to wait for help and comfort. On the 10th of November the discharge of many muskets announced the arrival of some distinguished party, and the old traveller's eyes and ears were soon gladdened by the sight of a white face, and the sound of the familiar English tongue. Mr. Stanley had found him out, and brought health and plenty in his company. (See Nov. 10, 1871.) Dr. Livingstone sent home his journal to his daughter Agnes. "It is," he writes, "one of Letts's large folio diaries, and is full except a few (five) pages reserved for altitudes which I cannot at present copy. It contains a few private memoranda for my family alone, and I adopt this course in order to secure it from risk in my concluding trip." Letters continued to be received from Livingstone till July of this year.

5.-Mr. Grant-Duff introduces the Indian Budget. For the regular estimate year 1871-72 the revenue was 50,013,6867. and the expenditure 47,282,3567., and the Budget estimate for the coming year put the revenue at 48,771,000l. and the expenditure at 48, 534,000l., leaving a surplus of about a quarter of a million. The decrease in the revenue was due chiefly to opium and assessed taxes. Since the year 1861, the income drawn from India amounted to 569,000,000l., and we had spent there 576,500,000l. But for this excess of expendi ture over income of seven millions, India had obtained over thirty-seven millions of pro-perty, namely, seven millions and a half in public roads, eight millions in canals and a million and a half in harbours, six and a half millions in civil buildings, eleven millions in military buildings, and two millions and threequarters in state railways. An amendment moved by Mr. Fawcett, condemning the income-tax, was withdrawn after discussion.

6.-Royal assent given to the Scotch Educa tion Bill.

7.-Earl Russell, writing to the Times, sug gests a change in the termination of the financial year. If it were to close, he said, on the 30th June, instead of the 31st March, the following advantages would be secured:-1. The months of February, March, and April might be devoted to the consideration of bills by the House of Commons, these bills being sent to the House of Lords before the end of April. The House of Commons would not then be required to give up June and July to the business of legislation. 2. The House of Commons, not having its attention occupied by the passing of bills through Committee, would be able at the beginning of May to give its attention to Estimates and to any financial measures which the Government or individual members might place before them. 3. The Estimates being voted before the 30th of June, the expenditure of the year would begin with the closing of the Committee of Supply.

7.-At Guildford Assizes, before Baron Martin, the jury again return a verdict for the defendants in the action raised by Leonard Edmunds against several newspaper proprietors to recover damages for alleged libels contained in a Treasury minute published by them.

The Countess Waldegrave presented with a portrait of her husband, Mr. Chichester Fortescue, M.P., recently retired from the office of Chief Secretary for Ireland.

8.-Mr. Fawcett calls the attention of the Commons to the dispute between Mr. Ayrton and Dr. Hooker. At the same sitting Mr. Butt's motion concerning Judge Keogh was rejected by 126 votes to 23.

Died, aged 70, George Godolphin Osborne, Duke of Leeds.

Died, aged 89, Colonel Thomas S. Begbie, late of the 44th Regiment, a Peninsular veteran, who had entered the army as early as 1807.

Died at Berlin, Dr. Abeken, the Gentz of modern Germany, familiarly known as "Bismarck's pen," and described by the Em66 one of my most trusty counsellors, peror as who stood by me in the most decisive moments of my life, and whose loss is to me irreparable.”

9. Mr. Childers sworn in as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.

10.-Parliament prorogued by Commission; the Royal Speech, in addition to a brief notice of the more important measures passed, making reference to the satisfactory result of the controversy raised by the Treaty of Washington and the termination of the commercial treaty with France. It was also intimated that "my Government has taken steps intended to prepare the way for dealing more effectually with the slave trade on the east coast of Africa." Previous to the formality of reading the Speech the Royal assent was given by commission to the Licensing Bill, the Mines Regulation Bill, the Public Health Bill, the Military Forces Localization (Expenses), and other bills.

The Prince of Wales places the finishing stone of the Breakwater at Weymouth, the first stone of which was laid by the Prince Consort, July 25, 1849. The structure is a great sea-wall 100 feet high from the bottom of the sea, and 300 feet thick at the base, but narrower above, and stretches with a bend towards Weymouth, a mile and five-eighths from the east side of the island of Portland, and shelters from every wind an area of 6,745 acres of water-namely, the space for anchorage or coaling of men-of-war, 1,290 acres outside the five-fathom line, 1,590 acres between three and five fathoms, 1,758 acres between 12 feet and 19 feet, and 2,107 acres up to low-water level. The entire structure consists of an inner breakwater, 1,900 feet in length, divided from an outer or isolated breakwater, 6,200 feet in length, by an opening 400 feet wide. The whole is built in nine to ten fathoms of water,

Charles Holmes, a labourer at Bromsgrove, executed at Worcester for the murder of his wife, whom, during their four years of married life, he had treated with systematic brutality.

13.-Triple execution within the walls of Maidstone gaol: viz., Francis Bradford, who murdered one of his comrades at Dover; Thomas Moore, who murdered his wife at Ashford; and James Tooth, the murderer of a drummer boy at the Marine Barracks, Chatham. The three men were tried, convicted, and sentenced to death by Mr. Baron Bramwell at the recent summer assizes at Maidstone. Tooth and Moore died instantly, but Bradford, being lighter, struggled for nearly ten minutes. Christopher Edwards was also executed within Stafford prison for the murder of his wife at Willenhall.

14.-The Queen arrives in Edinburgh for a stay of three days.

To

The British Association met at Brighton under the presidency of Dr. Carpenter, who delivered an address having reference chiefly to the mental processes by which are formed the fundamental conceptions of matter and force, of cause and effect, of law and order, the basis of all exact scientific reasoning. set up those sequences, he said, which we call laws as self-acting, either excluding or rendering unnecessary the power which alone could give them effect, appeared to him as arrogant as it was unphilosophical. Modern science, fixing its attention exclusively on the order of nature, had separated itself wholly from theology, whose function it was to seek after its cause, and herein science was justified; but when science assumed to set up its own conception of the order of nature as a sufficient account of its cause, it was invading a province of thought to which it had no claim.

15.-Died, aged 73, Dr. F. C. Skey, Demonstrator, Lecturer, and latterly Professor of Anatomy, and President for a time of the Royal College of Surgeons.

The first Parliamentary contest under the Ballot Act takes place at Pontefract, Mr. Childers, the new Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, receiving 658 votes against 578 given to Lord Pollington, presently professing Conservative principles, but in 1868 said to have sought an alliance with his present opponent on Liberal views.

16.-Commencement of a week's rioting between the Orangemen and Catholics of Belfast. Public-houses were sacked, workpeople mobbed, and Protestants in considerable numbers driven forcibly out of Catholic districts. On the 21st a policeman named Moore was shot, and several Catholic schools sacked.

Mr. Stanley details to a crowded and enthusiastic meeting at Brighton his travels in search of Dr. Livingstone, and their happy termination in the discovery, at Ujiji, of the pale, careworn, grey-headed old man "dressed in a red shirt and crimson jo-ho, with a gold band round his cap, an old tweed pair of pants, and his shoes looking the worse for wear. The ex-Emperor Napoleon was among the audience, composed for the most part of members of the British Association.

19. In the course of a missionary speech at Carlisle the Archbishop of Canterbury referred to the many natives of heathen lands to be seen in London, at the Queen's levees, at the Temple, and at the Eastern Homes, insisting that unless steps were taken for converting them the likelihood was that these heathen would be converting us. "I am almost," said his Grace, "afraid to say it, but I cannot help thinking that this great proximity of the East to ourselves has somehow or other infected the hilosophy on which the young men feed in our great seminaries of learning, and that men

of learning, from rubbing shoulders with men who altogether disbelieve in Christianity, have more toleration for that denial than they had in the olden times; and that systems which have existed for centuries in the extreme lands of heathenism are finding some sort of echo even among the literature and philosophy of this Christian country."

20:-Died in Glasgow, advanced in years, William Miller, known in Scotland as the "Nursery Poet."

21.-Murder and attempted suicide in a house of ill-fame in Langton Street, Chelsea, by two young Germans named May and Nagel, natives of Berlin, the latter, by mutual arrangement it was presumed, shooting himself through the heart after seriously wounding his friend.

22.-Prince Milan Obrenovitch IV. ascends the throne of Servia in succession to Prince Michel assassinated four years since.

Died, aged 65 years, Nathaniel Beardmore, civil engineer.

27.-Following up the remarks of the Archbishop of Canterbury on "the heathen" in London, S. B. Thakur, a Hindoo'student, writes to the Times :-"It is possible that the fears of the Primate were groundless; but there is every reason to believe that Eastern philosophy and literature will exercise a very great and beneficial influence on English thought, because Arabic and Sanskrit-two out of the three most important languages of Asia—are being studied at the Universities of this country-the former by the students of theology as being indispensable to a critical acquaintance with Hebrew the latter by classical scholars, as being abso lutely necessary to a sound scholarship in Greek, Latin, and philological lore. Thus a day will come when our philosophers and logicians will be eagerly studied by the English youth, just as Aristotle and Plato are.'

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