THIS officer, was born on the 12th of February, 1758, and went, at the age of eighteen, as a cadet, to India. Early in 1778, he became an ensign on the Bengal establishment; and, on the 17th of September, in the same year, lieutenant of the twenty-fourth native infantry, which went, in 1781, with other regiments, to strengthen Madras against the army of Hyder Ali. He distinguished himself during the arduous campaign that ensued, until wounded and taken prisoner at the siege of Cuddalore.

On obtaining his liberty he was made judge-advocate-general to one division of the army. He became a captain on the 7th of January, 1796; a major on the 21st of April, 1800; and, on the 18th of March, 1803, lieutenant-colonel of the twelfth native infantry, with which he served under Lord Lake, at the taking of some forts in the Dooaub. He also acted as deputy-adjutant-general to the army employed to disconcert the Mahratta confederacy, and was present at the battles of Allyghur and Delhi.

In 1804, he received the warm thanks of the governor-general and the commander-in-chief, for his skill and bravery in repulsing, with a very inferior force, the insurgents who had attempted to retake the city of Delhi, where he was then employed as resident-envoy. Soon after he received the command of the fortress of Allahabad, and in 1809, that of the troops assembled to awe the Seiks on the north-west frontier.

On the 4th of January, 1812, he was promoted to the rank of colonel; and, on the 4th of June, 1814, to that of major-general. On the breaking out of the war with the Rajah of Nepaul, he marched with a division of the army, to attack the enemy's troops under Umar Sing, in the west, and though he had to contend with a country of great difficulty, and a native leader remarkable for his energy and resources, he drove him from post to post, and at

length obliged him to surrender in the almost inaccessible fortress of Mallown. After this achievement, the rajah refusing to ratify a treaty agreed to by his deputies on the 2nd of September, 1815, Ochterlony again took the field, and, after having effected the passage of the Great Saul Forest, without the loss of a man, and turned the celebrated Cheeringhantee pass, totally defeated the enemy, in a desperate action, on the heights of Muckwanpore. For this victory, by which the rajah was compelled to ratify the treaty, Ochterlony was made a knight companion of the Bath; created a baronet; voted £1,000 per annum, by the East India Company; and honoured with the thanks of parliament.

During the Pindaring and Mahratta war, he commanded the fifth division of the army, until employed to settle the distracted province of Rajpootana, for effecting which, he was invested with large discretionary powers. In 1817, he concluded a treaty with Ameer Khan, and gained over various petty chiefs to the British interests. In April, 1818, he was appointed resident, with command of the troops, at Rajpootana; and, in the following month of December, he was again nominated to the residentship of Delhi, with Jeypore annexed, and the command of the third division of the grand army. In 1822, he was intrusted with the superintendence of the affairs of central India, as resident and political agent in Malwah and Rajpootana.

Towards the close of the year 1824, on account of the political dissensions in the state of Jeypore, he was compelled to take the field, but soon brought about an amicable adjustment of differences. In June, 1825, he resigned his employment, with the intention of proceeding, by way of Calcutta, to England; but died at Meerut, on the 15th of the following month, leaving a high reputation for ability, both as a military commander and a diplomatist.

the English, and Montressor, while on his passage thither as one of the general officers on the staff intended to be established in that quarter, was captured by the L'Orient squadron, and landed at the island of St. Jago. On his release, he returned to Jamaica, where he was appointed to the command of the western district, where he conduced, by his liberality, greatly to the health and comfort of his men, and considerably relieved the sick by the salutary regulations he enforced in the hospitals. On the 14th of July, 1806, he sailed on a mission to Honduras; and, having made a survey of the eastern coast, transmitted it to England, with a report relative to the condition and value of the settlement. He returned, in November, to Jamaica; and, soon after, embarked for England.

On his arrival, he was appointed to the Sussex district, from which he removed to the Western and Kentish in succession. Being subsequently ordered to inspect a light corps for actual service, he recommended to them the plan of using an additional running ball in the rifle. In 1808, he was nominated to command a brigade ordered to Portugal; but he did not embark, owing to the raging of the ophthalmia in that country. In 1809, he headed a brigade in the expedition intended for the Scheldt; and, soon after, succeeded General Picton, at Flushing; where, finding the hospitals filled with sick, he advised Sir Eyre Coote to employ natives on the works, and many of the army were saved by the adoption of his proposition. He was himself taken ill in a short time, and returned to England.

In 1810, he became a major-general, and was ordered to inspect the local militia of North Wales and Shropshire. He was next appointed to the Irish staff and the command of the western district; whence he removed, in 1811, to Limerick, and afterwards organized a brigade for Portugal; which, however, on preparing to embark, received orders to remain at home, in consequence of the disturbed state of Ireland. In 1812,

he was ordered on the Sicilian staff to command the Messina district; and, in 1814, sailed with seven thousand men for Leghorn, with which, on the 20th of March, he drove the enemy across the Magia river. Having left a corps of observation at Pisa, to watch General Murat's motions, he pursued the enemy so rapidly, as to compel them to leave their field-pieces and powder behind them, and drove them through the town of Spezia, of which he gained possession. Having refreshed his troops, he pushed on to Fort St. Maria, which he attacked without effect, and then gave orders that it should be regularly besieged. On the 7th of April, he returned to Spezia, and advancing towards Genoa, drove the enemy from the strong positions of Monte Fascia, and took up a post at Quinto. On the 13th, a general action ensued, and the enemy were driven to the gates of Genoa; on the surrender of which, he embarked for Corsica, where he had been invited to take the chief command; and on his passage thither, he was solicited, and consented, to assume that of Capraja. On the abdication of Buonaparte, he returned to England, having previously become a lieutenant-general; and, on the 21st of March, 1820, he was made a knight companion of the Bath, as a reward for his numerous and difficult, but less brilliant than useful, military services. He appears, from many of his employments, to have been regarded as a thorough disciplinarian; and, from others, to have enjoyed a high reputation for courage and skill. His attention to the sick at Montego Bay, and, subsequently, at Flushing, deservedly rendered him an object of praise; and it appears evident that his general demeanour to those under his command was eminently conciliatory, from the singular fact of the Corsican regiment, when about to be disbanded, having volunteered, notwithstanding their prejudices against quitting their native island, to embark with him on foreign service.

THIS eminent officer was born in 1761, and in January, 1779, obtained an ensigncy in the third regiment of footguards, with which he soon afterwards served, under Lord Cornwallis, in America, where he received a dangerous wound. On the commencement of hostilities with France, in 1793, he was sent to Holland, where he gradually rose to the rank of brevet-colonel. In 1796, he was employed as brigadiergeneral, with the British forces in Portugal; whence, in 1798, he accompanied the successful expedition against Minorca, where he obtained the command of a corps, which was subsequently called the Queen's German Regiment. With this he proceeded, in 1800, to Egypt, where, during the battle on the plains of Alexandria, he so highly distinguished himself, that his services were specially mentioned in the general orders of his commander-in-chief.

At the close of the campaign he returned to England, whence he was immediately despatched, in a political capacity, to Constantinople. After having effected the object of his mission, he proceeded to take the command of part of the British troops in Alexandria, where his judicious conduct during the war between the Turks and Mamelukes procured him the approbation of his own government, and the order of the Crescent from the Grand Seignior. In 1802, he became a major-general, and, in 1804, during the alarm of an invasion, commanded a brigade on the coast of Kent. In 1805, he accompanied the expedition, under Sir J. Craig, to the Mediterranean; and, on the return of that officer to England, through ill-health, assumed the chief command of the British troops in Sicily; which island being threatened with an attack by General Reignier, he boldly invaded Calabria, and, on the 4th of July, 1806, achieved a splendid victory at Maida. His forces, on this occasion, amounted to about four thousand men ; they were opposed by nine thousand of the enemy; of whom, they are said to have killed or wounded nearly two

thirds. "Every fort along the coast," it is added; "all the stores, ammunition, and artillery, prepared for the attack upon Sicily, became the prey of the victors; and, what might, perhaps, be considered of still more consequence than these advantages, an indelible impression was left in the country of the superior bravery and discipline of the British troops."

For this memorable exploit, General Stuart obtained the order of the Bath, and a gold medal from his sovereign; the title and feudal honours of Count of Maida, with other distinctions, from the Sicilian king; the thanks of both houses of parliament, and the freedom of the city of London. Soon after his return to England he was made a lieutenant-general, and in 1808, he resumed the chief command in Sicily. In 1809, he prevented Murat from taking part in the war against Austria; and a division of his force, under Brigadiergeneral Oswald, expelled the French from the Ionian Islands. In 1810, Murat, who had made very formidable preparations for an attack on Sicily, after various unsuccessful attempts, at length succeeded, about the end of September, in landing a body of four thousand troops on the coast; which, however, on the following morning, were attacked by a division of the British forces, assisted by the Sicilian peasantry, and, after a short contest, driven back to their boats, with great loss.

Shortly after this event, the commander-in-chief obtained permission to resign his command, and returned to England. He had previously been made colonel of the twentieth foot; and he was now attached to the homestaff. He subsequently became lieutenant-governor of Grenada, and a knight grand cross of the Bath. His last employment was the chief command of the Western District, in possession of which he died, at Clifton, near Bristol, on the 1st of April, 1815, with the high reputation of having been one of the most gallant, talented, enterprising, and successful officers in the British service.

VOL. II.

THIS gallant soldier, the eldest son of Dr. Moore, author of "Zeluco," was born on the 13th of November, 1761, at Glasgow, where he received the rudiments of learning. His education was completed on the continent, whither, in 1773, he accompanied his father, who was then in the Duke of

Hamilton's suite as medical attendant. He entered the army, as ensign of the fifty-first foot, in 1776; soon afterwards, he accompanied the eightysecond, as lieutenant, to Nova Scotia; where he was posted throughout the remainder of the American war, and saw scarcely any active service, except during an expedition, to oppose the landing of the enemy at Penobscot, at which place his party narrowly escaped being cut off by a superior force.

At the peace, in 1783, he was reduced, with his regiment; and, soon after, he went into parliament for a district of Scotch burghs, (Lanark, Linlithgow and Peebles,) through the patronage of the Duke of Hamilton, who obtained for him, in 1787 or 1788, a majority in the sixtieth. He speedily exchanged into his old regiment, the fifty-first, of which, in 1790, he became lieutenant-colonel by purchase.

In 1795, he distinguished himself in Corsica, particularly at the siege of Calvi; where, though severely wounded by the bursting of a shell, he entered the Mozello fort, at the head of the grenadiers, in such gallant style, that General Stuart, who had witnessed his conduct, rushed forward, and embraced him with enthusiasm. After its capture, he was, for a short time, adjutant-general of the island; but returned to England at the close of the year. He next served, as brigadier-general, under Sir Ralph Abercromby, in the West Indies. In the expedition against St. Lucia, he displayed such gallantry at the capture of Morne Fortunée, that Abercromby eulogized it as having been the admiration of the whole army. The island being subdued, Moore was appointed its governor, and soon ceeded in putting down several bands

suc

of armed negroes, which, after the surrender, had kept up a kind of Guerilla warfare against his troops.

Several officers having died, or become disabled by sickness, and many others having obtained leave of absence to procure a change of air, there remained scarcely enough to do the duty of the garrison, and Moore was consequently obliged to issue orders, that no one, except in the last necessity, should quit the island. Shortly afterwards, he was attacked with the yellow fever, and on being told, if he did not go on board ship, his life would be in danger, he referred the medical men who attended him to his own orders; and stated, that he was resolved, at all hazards, to remain at his post; nor could they, until he had become insensible, carry the measure, so necessary for his safety, into effect.

Being attacked a second time with the fever, he returned to England, in the summer of 1797, with Sir Ralph Abercromby, under whom he soon afterwards served in Ireland; where he assisted against the rebels at New Ross, defeated them near Wexford, and obtained the rank of major-general. He was next employed in the disastrous campaign of 1799, in Holland ; whence he returned, severely wounded in the face and thigh. He had also, previously, about the time when Admiral Mitchell entered the Texel, received some injury in the hand, from a ball, which, had not its direction been fortunately turned, by striking against the spy-glass which he held, would, doubtless, have entered his body.

Early in 1800, he was sent, still under the command of his friend, Abercromby, to Egypt. The French attacked the first division of the troops that landed, with great courage and effect; but Moore, following with the reserve, rushed up an eminence, on which the enemy were posted, and, at the point of the bayonet, compelled them to retire. For this exploit, which Buonaparte termed a master-piece of