church of, previous to the Reformation, 93. Venality of, 99. How
it drained other countries of their wealth, 100. The city seized by
Cardinal Colonna, and Pope Clement VII. besieged in the castle of
St. Angelo, 234. The city taken by the Imperialists, and Bourbon
killed, 242. Is plundered, ib. The great revolution in the court of,
during the sixteenth century, III. 54. How affected by the revolt of
Luther, 55. The spirit of its government changed by, 57.
Ronquillo, sent by Cardinal Adrian with troops to suppress the insurrection
in Segovia, II. 137. Is routed by the insurgents, ib.

Rovere, Francesco Maria de, restored to his dutchy of Urbino by Pope
Adrian, II. 163.

Roxalana, a Russian captive, becomes the favourite mistress of Sultan
Solyman the Magnificent, III. 236. Her only daughter married to
Rustan the Grand Vizier, ib. Procures herself to be declared a free wo-
man by the Sultan, 237. is formally married to him, ib. Renders
Solyman jealous of the virtues of his son Mustapha, 238. Mustapha
strangled, 241.

Rustan, Grand Vizier to Solyman the Magnificent, is married to his
daughter by Roxalana, III. 236. Enters into Roxalana's scheme to
ruin Solyman's son Mustapha, ib. Is sent with an army to destroy
him, 240. Draws Solyman to the army by false reports, 241.

S

Salamanca, treaty of, between Ferdinand of Aragon, and his son-in-law
Philip, II. 9.
Salerno, Prince of, heads the disaffected Neapolitans, against the oppres-
sions of the viceroy Don Pedro de Toledo, III. 226. Solicits aid from
Henry II. of France, who instigates the Turks to invade Naples, 227.
Saluces, Marquis de, succeeds Lautrec in the command of the French army
before Naples, II. 263. Retires to Aversa, where he is taken prisoner
by the Prince of Orange, ib. Betrays his charge in Piedmont, 335.
Sancerre, Count de, defends St. Disiere against the Emperor Charles, III.
27.
Is deceived into a surrender by the Cardinal Granvelle, 29.
Sauvage, a Fleming, made chancellor of Castile by Charles, on the death
of Ximenes, II. 38. His extortions, 39.

Savona, is fortified, and its harbour cleared by the French, to favour its
rivalship with Genoa, II. 261.

Savoy, Charles Duke of, marries Beatrix of Portugal, sister to the Empe-
ror Charles V. II. 323. The cause of Francis's displeasure against him,
ib. His territories over-run by the French troops, 324. Geneva reco-
vers its liberty, 325. His situation by the truce at Nice, between the
Emperor and Francis, 348. Is besieged at Nice, by the French and
Turks, 14.

Emanuel Philibert, Duke of, appointed by Philip of Spain to
command his army in the Low-Countries, III. 310. Invests St. Quin-
tin, 311. Defeats D'Andelot in an endeavour to join the garrison, 312.
But does not hinder him from entering the town, 313. Defeats the
constable Montmorency, and takes him prisoner, ib. Is graciously vi-
sited in the camp by Philip, 315. Takes St. Quintin by assault, 316.
Assists Montmorency in negociating peace between Philip and Henry,
355. Marries Henry's sister Elizabeth, 347, 349.
Saxony, Elector of, appointed joint commander of the army of the Protes-
tant league, with the Langrave of Hesse, III. 73. Their characters
compared, ib. Opposes the Landgrave's intention of giving battle to
the Emperor, 76. His electorate seized by Maurice 83. The army of
the league disperse, 85. Recovers Saxony, 88. Is amused by Maurice with
a negociation, ib. Raises an army to defend himself against the Emperor,
110. Is irresolute in his measures, 111. Charles passes the Elbe, ib. Is at-
tacked by the Imperialists, 113. Is taken prisoner and harshly received by

the Emperor, 115. Is condemned to death by a court-martial, 116. His
resolution on the occasion, 117. Is induced by regard to his family to
surrender his electorate, 119. Refuses the Emperor's desire of his ap-
proving the Interim, 145. The rigour of his confinement increased, ib.
Is carried by the Emperor with him intothe Netherlands, 148. Is released
by the Emperor on Maurice's taking arms against him, but chooses to
continue with the Emperor, 199. Obtains his liberty after the treaty of
Passau, 211.

Saxony, George Duke of, an enemy to the Reformation, II. 357. His
death an advantage to the Reformation, 358. The Protestant religion
established by Henry Duke of, ib. Henry is succeeded by his son Man-
rice, III. 16. His motives for not acceding to the league of Smalkalde,
ib. Marches to the assistance of Ferdinand in Hungary, 17. Joins
the Emperor against the Protestants, 70, 82. See Maurice.
Schertel, Sebastian, a commander in the army of the Protestant league, his
vigorous commencement of hostilities, III. 72. Is injudiciously recalled,
73. Is expelled from Augsburg on the dispersion of the Protestant ar-
my, 86.

Scotland, James V. of, married to Mary of Guise, duchess-dawager of
Longueville, II. 353. Death of James and accession of his infant
daughter Mary, III. 9. Mary contracted to the Dauphin of France,
136. The marriage celebrated, 329. Mary assumes the title and arms
of England on the death of Mary of England, $43. Included in the
treaty of Chateau Cambresis, 348. Alteration in the conduct of Eng-
land toward, 360.

Sects in religion, reflections on the origin of, II. 296.

Segovia, an insurrection there, on account of their representative Tor-
desillas voting for the donative to Charles V. II. 136. Is killed by the
populace, ib. The insurgents there defeat Ronquillo, sent to suppress
them by Cardinal Adrian, 137. Surrenders after the battle of Villalar,
156.
Selim II. Sultan, extirpates the Mamalukes, and adds Egypt and Syria to
his empire, II. 43. Considered as formidable to the European pow-
ers, ib.

Sforza, obtains of Charles V. the investiture of Milan, II. 206. Forfeits
the dutchy, by his intrigues with Morone, 210. Joins in a league against
Charles for the recovery of Milan, 228. Is forced to surrender Milan
to the Imperialists, 232. Obtains again of the Emperor the investiture
of Milan, 274. Enters into a private treaty with Francis, 320. Mer-
veille, Francis's envoy, executed for murder, ib. Dies, 327.
Siena, the inhabitants of, implore the assistance of the Emperor Charles
V. to defend them against their nobles, III. 225. The Imperial troops
endeavour to enslave them, ib. Regain possession of their city, 226.
Repulse an attack of the Germans, 234. Are besieged by the Marquis
de Marignano, 256. The commander Monluc repulses the assaults vi-
gorously, ib. The town reduced by famine, 257. Numbers of the citi-
zens retire, and establish a free government at Monte Alcino, ib. The
remaining citizens oppressed, 258. And flock to Monte Alcino, 259.
Is granted by the Emperor to his son Philip, 259. The investiture given
by Philip to Cosmo di Medici, 322.

Sieverhausen, battle of, between Maurice of Saxony and Albert of Bran
denburg, III. 230.

Sion, Cardinal of, his scheme for weakening the French army in the Mi-
lanese, 11. 125. Leaves the Imperial army to attend the conclave on the
death of Leo X. 126.

Smalkalde, the Protestants enter into a league there for their mutual sup-
port, II. 281. The league renewed at a second meeting there, 283.
The league of, renewed for ten years, 304. A manifesto, refusing to
acknowledge a council called by the Pope, 305. The King of Denmark
joins the league, 356. The Princes of, protest against the authority of

the Imperial chamber, and the recess of the diet at Nuremburg, III. 19.
Publish a manifesto against the proceedings of the council at Trent,
47. Are alarmed at the proceedings of the Emperor, 2b. 1 want
of unity among the members, 49. The views of the Elector of
Saxony, and the Landgrave, explained, ib. Appear at the diet of Ra-
tisbon by deputies, 59. Their deputies protest against the council of
Trent, 60. Their deputies, alarmed at the Emperor's proceedings and de-
clarations, leave the diet, 61. The Emperor leagues with the Pope
against them, 62. Prepare to resist the Emperor, 65. Are disappoint-
ed in their application to the Venetians and Swiss, ib. As also with
Henry VIII. and Francis, 67. Assemble a large army, 68. Are put
under the ban of the Empire, 70. Declare war against the Emperor,
71. Hostilities begun by Schertel, 72. They recal him, 73. The
Elector of Saxony and Landgrave of Hesse appointed joint commanders
of their army, ib. The characters of the two commanders compared, ib.
Their operations distracted by this joint command, 74. Cannonade the
Emperor's camp, 76. Make overtures of peace to the Emperor, 84.
Their army disperse, 85. The Elector of Saxony reduced, 115. The
Landgrave deceived and confined, 125. Their warlike stores seized by
the Emperor, 129. See Maurice.

Solyman the Magnificent ascends the Ottoman throne, II. 68. Invades
Hungary and takes Belgrade, 132. Takes the island of Rhodes, ib.
Defeats the Hungarians at Mohacz, 246. His successes, and the num-
ber of prisoners he carried away, ib. Besieges Vienna, 273. Enters
Hungary again with a vast army, but is forced to retire by the Emperor
Charles, 286. Takes Barbarossa the pirate under his protection, 310.
Concludes an alliance with Francis King of France, 345. Prepares to
invade Naples, 346. Protects Stephen King of Hungary, and defeats
Ferdinand, 391. Seizes Hungary for himself, 392. Over-runs Hun-
gary again, in fulfilment of his treaty with Francis, III. 14. Concludes
a truce with the Emperor, 58. Loses Transylvania, 183. Ravages the
coasts of Italy, 207. Carries a mighty army into Hungary, 208. Re-
establishes Isabella and her son in Transylvania, 235. His violent at-
tachment to his concubine Roxalana, 236. Is prevailed on to declare her a
free woman, 237. Formally marries her, ib. Is rendered jealous of the
virtues of his son Mustapha, by the arts of Roxalana, 238. Orders
him to be strangled, 239. Orders the murder of Mustapha's son, 240.
Spain, the state of, at the death of Ferdinand of Aragon, II. 20. Charles
king of, aspires to the Imperial crown on the death of Maximilian, 43.
Is elected Emperor, 51. Reflections of the Spaniards on that event, 52.
Charles appoints viceroys, and departs for Germany, 57. Insurrections
there, 135. A view of the feudal system in, 139. An account of the
confederacy termed the Holy Junta, 140. Causes which prevented an
union of the malcontents in the respective provinces, 161. The mode-
ration of Charles towards them on his arrival, ib. Instance of the
haughty spirit of the grandees, 361. Is invaded by the Dauphin, III. 6.
The dominions of, resigned by Charles to his son Philip, 291. The ar-
rival of Charles, and his reception there, 303. The place of his retreat
described, 304. The regal power in, how enlarged by Charles, 352. The
foreign acquisitions added to, 353. See Aragon, Castile, Galicia, Valen-
cia, Cortes, Germanada, and Holy Funta.

Spires, diet of, its proceedings relative to the Reformation, II. 248.

An-

other diet called there by the Emperor, 276. Another diet at, III. 20.
Recess of, in favour of the Protestants, 22.

Spiritual censures of the Romish church, the dreadful effects of, II. 96.
St. Disier, in Champagne, invested by the Emperor, III. 28. Is obtained
by the artifice of Cardinal Granvelle, 29.

St. Justus, monastery of, in Plazencia is chosen by the Emperor Charles
V. for his retreat after his resignation, III. 304. His situation describ-
ed, b. His apartments, 305.

St. Quintin, invested by the Spanish troops, and defended by admiral Colig-

ni, III. 311. D'Andelot defeated in an endeavour to join the garrison,
312. But enters the town, 313. Montmorency defeated by the duke of
Savoy, ib. The town taken by assault, 316.

Strozzi, Peter some account of, III. 254. Is intrusted with the command
of the French army in Italy, ib. Is defeated by the Marquis de Ma-
rignano, 255.

Suabia, an insurrection of the peasants against the nobles there, II. 220.
They publish a memorial of their grievances, ib. The insurgents dis-
persed, 221. The Protestant religion suppressed there by the Emperor
Charles V. III. 173.

Suffolk, Duke of, invades Picardy, penetrates almost to Paris, but is driven
back, II. 172.

Surrey, Earl of, created high admiral to the Emperor Charles V. II. 130.
Obliged to retire out of Picardy by the Duke de Vendome, 132.

Sweden, a summary view of the revolutions in, during the sixteenth centu-
ry, III. 370.

Switzerland, the Cantons of, espouse the pretensions of Charles V. to the
Imperial crown, II. 46. Commencement of the Reformation there by
Zuinglius, 83. The regulation under which they hire out their troops,
124. The precipitate battle, insisted on by their troops under Lautrec,
lost, 129.

Syria, how and by whom added to the Ottoman empire, II. 43.

T

Termes, Mareschal de, governor of Calais, takes Dunkirk by storm, III.
330. Engages the Count of Egmont, and is defeated by the accidental
arrival of an English squadron on the coast, 331. Is taken prisoner, ib.
Terouane, taken and demolished by the Emperor Charles V. 111. 233.
Tetzel, a Dominical friar, his shameful conduct in the sale of indulgences
in Germany, II. 70. His form of absolution, and recommendation of
the virtues of Indulgences, 71. Note. His debauched course of life,
72. Publishes theses against Luther, 74.

Teutonic order, a character of, II. 225. Conquer the province of Prussia, ib.
Their grand master Albert made Duke of Prussia, 226.

Theatines, the order of, by whom founded, III. 276.

Thionville, in Luxemburg, taken by the Duke of Guise, III. 330.

Thuringia, an insurrection of the peasants there, against the nobility, II.
221. The fanatical notions inspired into them by Thomas Muncer, 222.
Their disorderly army defeated, 223.

Toledo, insurrection in, at the departure of Charles V. for Germany, II.54,
136. The cathedral of, stripped of its riches to support the army of
the Holy Junta, 150. Padilla's letter to, at his execution, 155. Note.
Is instigated to continue in arms by Padilla's wife, 156. Is reduced, 158.
Toledo, Ludovico de, nephew to Cosmo di Medici, sent by his uncle to ne-
gociate with Philip II. of Spain, for the investiture of Siena, III. 321.
Toledo, Don Pedro de, viceroy of Naples, oppresses the Neapolitans, III.
234. And occasions the Turks to ravage the coasts of Naples, ib.
Toleration, reflections on the progress of, in Germany, III. 270. Why
mutually allowed among the ancient Heathens, 271. How the primitive
Christians became averse to, 272.

Tomorri, Paul, a Franciscan monk, archbishop of Golocza, is made gene-
ral of the Hungarian army against Solyman the Magnificent, and is de-
feated by him, II. 246.

Tordesillas, the residence of Queen Joanna, the confederacy of malcon-
tents called the Holy Junta, removed thither, II. 141. The Queen ta-
ken there by the Conde de Haro, 149.

--one of the representatives of Segovia, killed by the populace
for voting the donative to Charles V. at the Cortes assembled in Gali-
cia, II. 136.

Transylvania, is surrendered to Ferdinand King of the Romans, by Queen
Isabella, III. 193.

Tremouille, La, drives the English under the Duke of Suffolk out of Picar-
dy, II. 173.

Trent, the council of, summoned, III. 18. Prorogued, ib. Again sum.
moned, 37. Is opened, 45. Declares the apocryphal scriptures canoni-
cal, 56. Establishes the authority of the church-traditions, ib. The
council, on rumours of an infection in the city, is translated to Bologna,
133. Henry II. of France protests against the council, 172. The
council breaks up on the approach of Maurice of Saxony, 174. His-
torical remarks on this council, 199. Characters of its historians, 201.
Trent, Cardinal of, sent by the Emperor Charles V. to conclude an alliance
with the Pope, III. 62. The nature of this treaty, ib.

Tunis, the means of its coming under the power of Barbarossa, traced;
II. 310. The emperor and other Christian powers unite to expel Bar-
barossa, and restore Muley Hascen, 315. Is taken by the Emperor,
316. Muley Hascen restored, and his treaty with Charles, 317.
Tuscany, a review of the state of, during the sixteenth century, III. 368.

V

Valencia, an insurrection in, II. 54. The people there greatly oppressed
by the nobles, ib. The nobles refuse to assemble the Cortes except the
King is present, ib. Charles authorizes the people to continue in arms,
55. They expel the nobles, ib. Associate under the Germanada, and
appoint their own magistrates, ib. Don Diego de Mendora, Conde de
Melito, appointed regent, on the departure of Charles for Germany,
57. The Germanada refuse to lay down their arms, 159. Defeat the
nobles in several actions, 160. Are at length routed by the Conde de
Melito, ib. The moderation of Charles toward the insurgents on his
arrival, 161.

Valentinois, Duchess of. See Diana of Poitiers.

Valladolid, the first public entry of Charles V. to that city, II. 37. The
inhabitants rise, burn Fonseca's house and fortify the town, 136.
Surrenders after the battle of Villalar, and dissolution of the Holy Jun-
ta, 156.

Varicelles, treaty of, between Charles V. and Henry II. of France, III. 392.
Vendome, Duke of, his plan of operations in opposing the progress of the
invasion of Picardy by Henry VIII. II 132. Obliges him to retire, ib.
Yenice, the republic of, incline in favor of the pretensions of Francis I.of
France, to the imperial crown, II. 46. Their views and apprehensions
on the approaching rupture between the Emperor Charles V. and Fran-
cis, 61. Leagues with the Emperor against Francis, 164. A final accom
modation between, and the Emperor, 274. Refuses to enter into the league
of the Italian states, formed by the Emperor, 290. A review of the
state of that republic during the sixteenth century, III. 367.

Ferrina, the confidant of the Count of Lavagno, encourages him in his
scheme of overturning the government of Genoa, III. 93. Is protected
by Francis on the ruin of that conspiracy, 106.

Vielleville, the French governor of Metz, detects Father Leonard's con-
spiracy to betray the city to the Imperialists, III. 262. Executes the
conspirators, 263.

Vienna is besieged by Sultan Solyman the Magnificent, 11. 273.
Villalar, battle of, between Padilla and the Conde de Haro, II. 154.
Villena, Marquis de, his spirited reply to the request of the Emperor to
lodge Bourbon in his palace, II. 212.

Ulm, the government of that city violently altered, and its reformed min-
isters carried away in chains, by the Emperor Charles V. III. 146.
United Provinces of the Netherlands, a brief view of their revolt against
the dominion of Spain, IV. 333.

Urbino, restored by Pope Adrian to Francesco Maria de Rovere,