HISTORY

OF THE WORLD

A comprehensive narrative of the rise and development of nations as recorded by over two thousand of the great writers of all ages: edited, with the assistance of a distinguished board of advisers and contributors,

Prof. Adolf Erman, University of Berlin.

Prof. Joseph Halévy, College of France.

Prof. Thomas K. Cheyne, Oxford University.

Prof. Andrew C. McLaughlin, University of Michigan.
Prof. David H. Müller, University of Vienna.

Prof. Alfred Rambaud, University of Paris.

Prof. Eduard Meyer, University of Berlin.

Dr. James T. Shotwell, Columbia University.

Prof. Theodor Nöldeke, University of Strasburg.
Prof. Albert B. Hart, Harvard University.

Dr. Paul Brönnle, Royal Asiatic Society.
Dr. James Gairdner, C. B., London.

Prof. Ulrich von Wilamowitz Möllendorff, University of Berlin.
Prof. H. Marnali, University of Budapest.

Dr. G. W. Botsford, Columbia University.

Prof. Julius Wellhausen, University of Göttingen.
Prof. Franz R. von Krones, University of Graz.
Prof. Wilhelm Soltau, Zabern University.

Prof. R. W. Rogers, Drew Theological Seminary.
Prof. A. Vambéry, University of Budapest.
Prof. Otto Hirschfeld, University of Berlin.

Baron Bernardo di San Severino Quaranta, London.
Prof. F. York Powell, Oxford University.
Dr. John P. Peters, New York.

Dr. S. Rappoport, School of Oriental Languages, Paris.
Prof. Hermann Diels, University of Berlin.
Prof. C. W. C. Oman, Oxford University.

Prof. I. Goldziher, University of Vienna.

Prof. W. L. Fleming, University of West Virginia.
Prof. R. Koser, University of Berlin.

The state of society and literature at this period, 3. The press-the poets, 3.

The outbreak of war, 4. First engagements; the battle of Edgehill, 7. The king

repulsed at Turnham Green, 8. Macaulay's estimate of Hampden, 12. Gloucester

and Newbury, 13. The Solemn League and Covenant with Scotland, 17. Growing

importance of Cromwell, 18. Gardiner's estimate of Pym, 19. Religious fanaticism,

20. The Irish "Cessation" and the Scotch invasion, 20. The Mongrel Parliament at

Oxford, 21. Marston Moor, Lostwithiel, and Newbury, 24. Parliamentary rigour,

26. The Self-Denying Ordinance and the new model, 26. Religious bigotries and

Laud's execution, 27. The warring creeds and intolerance, 30. Peace negotiations

at Uxbridge, 32. The victories of Montrose in Scotland, 33. The new model army,

and Naseby, 34. The king's letters and insincerity, 37. The mission of Glamorgan

in Ireland, 40. The king surrenders to the Scots, 42. Charles a captive in England,

44.

The army versus parliament, 48. Rise of the agitators, 50. The army abducts

the king, 51. The expulsion of the eleven members, 52. Riots in London, 55. The

Heads of the Proposals, 56. Rendezvous at Ware; mutiny suppressed, 59. The king

escapes from Hampton Court, 60. The vote of non-addresses and the "second civil

war," 62. The Scotch invasion and the battle of Preston, 65. Treaty of Newport and

anti-royalist feeling, 68. Pride's Purge, 69. The king taken to Windsor, 71. The

king before the high court, 73. Guizot's account of Charles' execution, 75. Various

estimates of the event: Clarendon; Milton; Guizot; Knight, 79. John Lingard, 81.

S. R. Gardiner, 81. Lord Macaulay, 82.

CHAPTER III

THE VICTORIOUS COMMONWEALTH (1649-1651 A.D.)

. 84

Guizot's comparison of the English and the French revolutions, 84. The organ-
ization of the English Republic, 88. Executions and mutinies, 92. Scotland and
Charles II; the fate of Montrose, 93. Cromwell in Ireland, 96. Cromwell massacres