DIVISIONS. Total population in 1861. Total area in statute acres. Total of acreage under all kinds of crops, bare, fallow, and grass. EUROPEAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS. Total area, population, and total and percentage number of statute acres under crops, bare fallow, and grass, and of cattle and sheep in each division of the United Kingdom. Abstract of acreage under crops, bare, fallow and grass. Under corn crops.* Under green crops.t Under bare fallow. Under cl ver and artificial and other grasses under rotation. Permanent pasture, meadow or grass not broken up in rotation, (exclusive of hill pastures) Total of estimated ordinary stock of cattle. Total number of sheep, as returned in 1866. Population, area, and acreage under crops and grass in the United Kingdom and in veriore fereign cernívice. Acreage (in English statute acies) order corn cics. Barley, or bere. 61,431 2,914,000 76,359 2,345,273 52 4,456 162,323 1866 4,022,000 167,547,000 10,998,000 115,000 615,000 942,000 877,000 124,000 241,000 1861 1,663,000 9,354,000 5,545,720 140,448 687,179 811,580| 473,591| 94,885 1865 1,748,000 4,757,000 3,010,833 544,284 237,904 317,982 102,162 18,543 1863 4,807,000 18,967,000 11,138,367 1,043,534 638,779 1,120,704 1,460,789 123,223|| 1864 3,668,000 8,617.000 5,024,240) 194,730 104,315 263,613 476,984 129,080 1856 4,782,000 7,211,000 4,521.377 804,758 110,130 541,347 721,492 143,964 102,285 37,547,000 132,787,000 97,506,251 17,252,386 2,570,853 8,058,634 5,417,278 1,127,832|1,415,273 1,751,546 1,486,933 39,080,735 60,517 14,781 1,235,708 9,790 4,601,275 1,331,045 2,484,493 34,070,000 145,310,000 58,407,589 3,662,164 2,755,415 6,573,921 6,978,008 182,927 1,749,691 514,722 3,967,260 26,384,108 24,681,000 68,747,000 43,524,589 †26,980,309| $357,493 27,337,802 1435,555 1855 2,534,000 9,945,000 4,962,987 The returns of the acreage under " permanent pastures Oats. Rye. Beans and peas. Mixed grain. Buckwheat. Other kinds grain. Total under corn crops. COUNTRIES. Date of acreage returns. "lation, area, and acreage under crops and grass in the United Kingdom and in various foreign countries—Continued. Total for United Kingdom, including Isle of Man and Channel Islands France, (latest returns). 2,048,364 890,195 1,379,823 4,318,382 14,091,392|| 397,787 6.331,820 771,870 33,633,922 Austria,exclusive of Galicia, (except Cracow,) Bukowina, the Tyrol, and the military frontier, (latest returns). 1,308,148 Italy, including Venitia, (latest returns) Switzerland. 1855 *The returns of the acreage under " permanent pasture " in Great Britain and in Ireland are not comparable, as hill pastures are excluded in Great Britain and included in Ireland. Total acreage under green crops, (except potatoes,) bare, &c., and under clover, &c. NOTE. In addition to the land under the above-mentioned crops, in Bavaria 54,655 acres were under vineyards; in France, 5,411,545 acres were under vineyards, and 2,445,000 acres of cultivated trees; in Italy, 1,370,279 acres were under olive grounds; in Austria, 1,395,371 were under vineyards; and in Switzerland, 68,444 were under vineyards. 46,817 ། ་ Total under green crops. Bare, fallow, or uncropped arable land. Clover and artificial and other grasses under rotation. Permanent pastures, meadows, &c. Crops of several Countries in Europe, according to the Bureau of Statistics in Bavaria, 1866. Per acre. Bushels. 80,428,000 16.94 107,076,000 14.02 24,894,000 15.45 77,520,000 31.50 82,908,000 15.24 165,204,000 23.40 193,320,000 68,130,000 12.67 22,062,000 15.59 22,506,000 23,208,000 25.50 117,974,000 21.76 214,806,000 64.46 4,296,000 30.56 12,720,000 39.14 32,976,000 18.86 6,276,000 27.34 9,642,000 30.60 22,356,000 112.52 15.26 46,250,000 18.14 166,578,000 20.20 156,144,000 77.26 5,190,000 27 29 57,144,000 29.36 80,268,000 79.20 16,678,000 19.92 24,624,000 21.98 61,712,000 203.24 Per acre. Dr. F. B. W. Von Hermann, of the Bavarian Bureau of Statistics, furnishes the following estimates of farm products and domestic animals in the countries named: Countries. Bushels for 1,000 inhabitants, deducting Domestic animals for 1,000 inhabitants. Wheat, spelts. Austria Prussia. 1,866 2,372 552 1,644 7,332 1,815 4,398 39,766 642 1,152 3,006 1,500 1,176 4,818 6,582 1,140 10,998 60,522 576 1,098 6,114 968 7,410 1,890 13,824 116,748 276 1,176 1,368 606 7,128 3,036 10,932 83,694 336 1,626 2,382 756 606 11,892 1,122 3,498 50.472 480 772 5,580 882 834 13,920 63,138 366 876 774 696 954 11,142 35,304 444 1,704 1,566 492 3,734 774 11,514 79,026 630 1,782 3.600 1,200 8,298 2,958 10,936 51,348 486 1,956 2,634 1,188 THE PRODUCTS OF OHIO. There is perhaps no State in the Union which has relatively a less proportion of land not adapted to agricultural purposes than the State of Ohio; and throughout the entire State the soil is of more than ordinary fertility. It is true that the soil is not of uniform fertility, and that there are favored localities where the soil is more fertile than in others; yet throughout the entire State it is of more than medium productiveness. In 1850 the State Board of Agriculture awarded Col. Chas. Whittlesey a premium of $50 for an essay on the "Character, Composition and Improvement of the Soils of Ohio," the greater portion of which is herewith republished: "The climate and the soil of Ohio are so happily constituted, that neither could be materially changed, without placing those who are engaged in cultivation in a worse position than they now occupy. There is here a pleasant medium of temperature, under which the animal frame acquires its best development, and the earth produces its greatest variety of useful vegetation. In warmer, especially in tropical climates, where man may be comfortable without much clothing, where, on account of spontaneous fruits and self-sustaining animals, he procures his food without systematical labor, indolence, improvidence, and the most debasing ignorance, prevail. The soil of Ohio, in its native state, is rich enough for all good purposes, |