ARCHBISHOP LEIGHTON'S DEATH.

IN Warwick Lane, London, there are two of those old galleried inns, which carry us back to the broadwheeled travelling waggons of our forefathers. About midway, on the east side, is the Bull Inn, where, on the 1st of February 1684, the pious Archbishop Leighton ended his earthly pilgrimage, according to his wish, which Bishop Burnet states him to have thus expressed in the same peaceful and moderate spirit as that by which, in the troublous times of the Commonwealth, Leighton won the affections of even the most rigid Presbyterians. "He used often to say," observes Burnet in his "Own Times," "that if he were to chose a place to die in, it should be an inn; it looked like a pilgrim's going home, to whom this world was all as an inn, and who was weary of the noise and confusion in it. He added that the officious tenderness and care of friends was an entanglement to a dying man and that the unconcerned attendance of those that could be procured in such a place would give less disturbance. And he obtained what he desired, for he died at the Bull Inn, in Warwick Lane."

TRANSUBSTANTIATION.

IR THOMAS MORE, in a discussion with Erasmus on the much contended doctrine of transubstantiation, argued that the want of any saving influence to the heretic, in partaking of the sacred elements, was no proof against it, since it was by the faithful only that the body and blood of Christ were verily and indeed taken and received, faith itself being the great instrument in the conversion of the said element to the receivers. During Erasmus's stay at Sir Thomas's residence, he was repeatedly pressed by the latter to accept of some token of his regard and remembrance. Erasmus had

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fixed for the object of his choice on a favourite horse of More's; but remembering his sophistry in the debate alluded to, instead of acquainting the chancellor with his desire, he rode off with the steed the day of his departure from Sir Thomas's, leaving the following note for his host::

K

THE DEVIL A BISHOP.

ING JAMES I. said that the devil was a busy bishop, and the same idea had been expressed nearly half a century earlier by the martyr Bishop Latimer. In his Sermon of the Plough, preached probably circa 1548, at St Paul's Cross, he says: And now I would ask a strange question, who is the most diligent bishop and prelate in all England, that passeth all the rest in doing of his office? I can tell you, for I know him, who it is; I know him well. But now I think I see you listening and hearkening that I should name him. There is one that passeth all the others, and is the most diligent preacher and prelate in all England. And will ye know who it is? I will tell you—it is the devil. He is the most diligent preacher of all others; he is never out of his diocese; he is never from his cure; ye shall never find him unoccupied; he is ever in his parish; he keepeth residence at all times; ye shall never find him out of the way; call for him when you will, he is ever at home; the diligentest preacher in all the realm; he is ever at his plough; no lording nor loitering can hinder him; he is ever a-plying his business; ye shall never find him idle, I warrant you." Thus the description of the devil's episcopacy is carried on to a much greater length, and would, we

may be sure, be highly relished by all present, except, perhaps, by any of the bishops, if they were there, who might consider it as rather personal.

FACILIS DESCENSUS AVERNI.

CORNISH clergyman having a dispute concerning several shares in different mines, found it necessary to send for a London lawyer, to have some conversation with the witnesses, examine the title-deeds, view the premises, &c. The divine very soon found that his legal assistant was as great a scoundrel as ever was struck off the rolls. However, as he thought his knowledge might be useful, he showed him his papers, took him to compare the surveyor's drawing with the situation of the pits, &c. When in one of these excursions, the professional gentleman was descending a deep shaft by means of a rope, which he held tight in his hand, he called out to the clergyman, who stood at the top: "Doctor, as you have not confined your studies to geography, but know all things from the surface to the centre, pray how far is it from this to the bottomless pit in the infernal regions?"—" I cannot exactly ascertain the distance,” replied the divine, "but let go your hold and you will soon know."

FAITHFUL STEWARDS.

NOBLEMAN advised Bossuet, Bishop of Meaux, to make an addition to his palace of a new wing in the modern style. The Bishop immediately answered him : "The difference, my lord, that there is between your advice, and that which Satan gave to our Saviour is, that the evil one advised Jesus to change the stones into bread, that the poor might be fed; and you desire me to turn the bread of the poor into

stones."

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An equally noble trait is recorded of Ethelwold, Bishop of Winchester, in the time of King Edgar, who sold the sacred gold and silver vessels belonging to the church, to relieve the poor people during a famine, saying, "That there was no reason that the senseless temples of God should abound in riches, while His living temples were perishing of hunger."

SANCTA SIMPLICITAS.

BISHOP of Dunkeld, in Scotland, before the Reformation, thanked God that he never knew what the Old and New Testament were, affirming that he cared to know no more than his Portius and Pontifical. At a diet in Germany one Bishop Albertus, lighting by chance upon a Bible, commenced reading; one of his colleagues asked him what book it was. "I know not," was the reply, "but this I find, that whatever I read in it, is utterly against our religion."

THE FATHERS OF THE ORATORY.

T is well known that from this order proceeded the performances called Oratorios, but notwithstanding their concerts, the rules of these fathers savour of no small severity. By the "Institutions of the Oratory," printed at Oxford, 1687, they are required to mix corporal punishments with their religious harmony: "From the Ist of November to the feast of the Resurrection, their contemplation of celestial things shall be heightened by a concert of music; and it is also enjoined that at certain seasons of frequent occurrence, they all whip themselves in the oratory. And the custom is, that after half an hour's mental prayer, the officers distribute whips made of small cords full of knots, put forth the children, if there be any, and carefully shutting the doors and windows, extinguish the other

lights, except only a small candle so placed in a dark lantern upon the altar, that the crucifix may appear clear and visible, but not reflecting any light, thus making all the room dark. Then the priest, in a loud and doleful voice, pronounceth the verse Jube, Domine, benedicere, and going through an appointed service, comes Apprehendite disciplinam, &c.; at which words, taking the whips, they scourge their naked bodies during the recital of the 50th Psalm, Miserere, and the 129th, De Profundis, with several prayers; at the conclusion of which, upon a sign given, they end their whipping, and put on their clothes in the dark and in silence." These flagellations are still practised by the Oratorians of the present day, in exactly the same manner.

JUPITER CARLYLE.

R CARLYLE was the incumbent of Musselburgh, a poor Scottish manse in the neighbourood of Edinburgh; but he was fond of society, moved much about, and came continually in contact, sometimes into friendship, with the best men of his time. He studied at Leyden, where he became acquainted with John Wilkes, Charles Townshend, and Dr John Gregory. At Edinburgh he was hand in glove with Hume and Robertson, John Home, Adam Ferguson, Adam Smith, and many more of the same stamp. He knew Colonel Gardiner well, and was present at the battle of Prestonpans, in which the Colonel was killed. Returning from his studies at Leyden, who should he have in the same packet with him but Violetti, the dancer, who afterwards became the wife of David Garrick. He knew Garrick well, and greatly astonished the actor by his performances at the royal game of golf. Both for his social qualities and for his exceeding influence in the Kirk, he had a large acquaintance, not only among literary and artistic people, but also in the higher walks of life,-Dukes, Marquises, and Earls; in a word, all the foremost men of his time. He seems to have