Germany, leaves us leasure to effect them. Our improvident junta cling to the shadow of precarious and nominal power with a childishness truly contemptible. The provincial juntas disobey and insult them; they are surrounded by spies, enemies, and intriguers; they inspire neither confidence nor fear in any class of the community; and they have themselves acknowledged, by their public acts and private resolutions, the necessity of concentrating the executive and extending the legislative branches-measures which would at once allay all our discontents. They rejected the scheme of a regency; and, if the Cardinal of Bourbon were to be the regent, who can blame their decision? They have resolved on an executive commission; but the only plan that has been submitted to them they have rejected, and it is feared they will feel equal repugnance to every other submitted to their approbation. They decreed the necessity of Cortes as far back as last May; yet they have neither fixed the period, nor arranged the mode of assembling them. Six months have passed, and they have not yet settled whether there shall be one chamber or more! Their conduct about the press is yet more intolerable; it is dictated by the basest motives of fear, and productive of the most mischievous consequences. I related to you in a former letter how the Editor of the Seminario Patriotico was warned to abstain from certain topics in his journal. He publicly declared his resolution of suppressing the publication, rather than continue it subject to any such illegal and impolitic restraint. The amende honorable has since been made him; a place under the government has been offered him: but he has refused to accept it. It is true, that through the influence of Jovellanos and the wiser part of the junta, men of talents and acquirements have been

lately employed in preparing the regulations for Cortes; but, alas! the good party in the junta, though actuated by the purest patriotism, and directed by the soundest principles, have not that vigour, that activity, that enterprise, which alone can ensure success in such revolutionary times, or overcome the obstinate and bigoted adherence of interested men to the corruptions and abuses of an arbitrary government.

Lisbon, Oct. 21.-" Our friends in Spain are a kind of military trunkmakers, they continue their noise, but do nothing else; they have not gained an inch in the cause since Napoleon went, and of course they cannot prevail when he returns. The war here is at present much relaxed; since the affair of Talavera nothing has been done or attempted. At present the principal officers of our army are here, Wellesley, Beresford, Sir R. Wilson, &c. and the troops are cantoned on the frontier; what they intend, we do not know, and I believe they are equally at a loss. If they go to meet the enemy, they are in danger of being oppressed again by superior force as they were at Talavera. That day did some credit to our arms, but it was bought at too dear a rate; such successes would ruin us with victories; many a

true, Briton, after fighting like a hero, had to lay himself down and die upon the sand at night for want of provisions and assistance! Our soldiers are undoubtedly very brave, and in discipline not inferior to any in existence, but the best of our ge nerals are not to be compared with the marshals of France. It is hinted, that at Talavera, some of our brigadier generals fell into mistakes, the 31st regiment fired upon the 87th. They were certainly at the time all covered with smoke, but that was not the only blunder that happened.

6.

It is incredible how destructive this climate is to our army, and it has generally the worst effect upon

the stoutest. Many of the men declare, that they would rather be in the West Indies, for this country is so dry, and the atmosphere so warm, that it melts our men and horses to death. During our campaign in Porto in the spring (of which I wrote you an account,) as the fields were in bloom, we gave the cavalry green wheat, which kept them very well; but afterwards, when we marched into Spain, in the dry burning season, we had nothing for them but Indian corn; the effect was terrible; you might trace the route by the horses dead upon the road: it is just the same with the men, they turn faint and pale, and lose their strength.

"From the change in military establishments in the present age, it is a folly for our army to attempt any thing, where they are exposed to the main force of France. Our expeditions, though they make much noise while fitting out, when brought into the field, are only small detachments, compared to the enemy they are sent to meet. I have often thought, that the situation of an English general in the field, and a French admiral on the ocean, is nearly similar, they are both sent upon enterprizes without adequate means, and our plan of dealing with allies is the most disagrecable for an army. I have had opportunities of seeing the distressing situation of a commander who had to combat an enemy of superior force, and depend upon men whom he knew nothing of; there is also distrust and division in the measures of an allied army: it is impossible to prevent it. The Spaniards just now consider us, I believe, nearly as much their enemies as the French, The Portuguese are very kind, but they are a set of poor animals, of little importance; if Napoleon brings back his grand army, these countries must fall in a short time.

"A serious affray took place lately at Belem-some of the 1st dra

goons, drinking in a tavern, quarrelled amongst themselves. The man of the house went out and called in the Portuguese police, who attacked the dragoons and shot one of them dead. The dragoons immediately drew their swords, killed three of the police and wounded several. One of the police placed himself behind a door where he expected some of the dragoons would enter; but it happened to be his own officer that first came in. The police man ran him through the heart, and he instantly expired."

Rio Janeiro, Sept. 26.-The dif ficulties with respect to the trade and intercourse with the Spanish colonies are as great as ever, and are likely rather to be increased than diminished. On the part of the Portuguese government there is no appearance of conciliation; and the Spaniards, deeply involved in their own affairs, pay little attention to the concerns of the Brazils. With all these circumstances contending against it, is it probable that trade, let its efforts be what they may, will be able to struggle with embarrassments which no one in authority seems disposed to remove.

Since the arrival of the Spanish governor, Balthazar, at Buenos Ayres, new restrictions have been put on trade, and little hope can be reasonably entertained that they will be

removed.

sively confined to the town of Flushing, and that all the accounts of their having received reinforcements are unfounded. On the contrary, the enemy's force in that quarter rather seems to be reduced; for in the course of last week upwards of 700 sick were embarked from the Island of Walcheren for England. The maladies which prevail among the enemy's troops are decidedly to be ascribed to the climate and the season; and it is therefore but natural to conclude, that they should equally effect your Majesty's troops; though, on the other hand, the great attention of the medical department, and every possible assistance in the royal hospitals, have been attended with the happiest effect: so that in the course of last month, no less than 1525 men were discharged from the hospitals, and joined their respective corps."

From a return of the same date, transmitted by the Marshal, it appears, that there still remained in the hospital six officers and 799 men sick, and one officer and 595 on the list of convalescents.

Flushing, Nov. 18.-We have not received any official notification of the intention of government to abandon this island, but every thing in dicates that it will speedily take place. Our merchants are making every preparation, by selling their goods, and it has subsisted in some degree as a matter of conversation, because every body supposes that it will happen.

Cargoes of sick are almost daily shipped off from Walcheren, but as the hospitals are emptied, they are filled again by new patients. Although not less than 5000 have been sent from hence, there remains upwards of six thousand to be embarked in the same miserable state for England!

We have heard from the opposite coast, of a battle having been fought between the British and the Toulon

Fleets, but we do not know whether to believe it or not.

Among the melancholy accounts received from Walcheren relative to the unremitting progress of disease among our troops, it is stated that the 26th regiment, which upon its first introduction to the island consisted of 750 effective men, is absolutely reduced to 30. Still all the men capable of working are perpetu ally employed in improving the fortifications of Flushing, and in raising strong works at Armeiden, which was conceived to be the point most accessible by any invasion of the enemy from Beveland.

Letters and papers have been received from Norfolk in Virginia, and from Boston in New England, to the date of the 16th ult. By some. of these it appears, that the President was not expected to arrive in Washington until the 20th of that month; and it is mentioned as the general opinion, that congress would insist on the ratification of the treaty with Mr. Erskine, before any diplomatic conference would be entered upon with Mr. Jackson. No doubt was entertained but that the non-intercourse act would be enforced with the utmost vigour towards this country, until it should be superseded by some amicable arrangement. The return of the Violet, in ballast, cònfirms this representation.

Intolerance in Jamaica.-The following article is copied from the Kingston Gazette, of Sept. 2d.

"On Wednesday, came on to be heard by counsel, before George. Kinghorn, James Inglis, John Campbell, Joseph Barnes, and Edward Evans, Esqs. at the quarter-sessions, the petition of certain methodist preachers, praying to be licensed to preach in this city, agreeably to the Toleration act; when, after a long and patient hearing of counsel on both sides, the court unanimously refused the prayer of their petition.

It is worthy of remark that' in their petition they admitted the indecorous conduct of former preachers. Application was also made by counsel on behalf of George Lielle the elder, to sanction the re-opening of his meeting-house, on the Rock-Fortroad, which met with a similar fate.

In a late action against the Tyrolese, the following incident occurred :-In the preceding skirmishes, the Patriots had taken several Bavarian light horse, and had with them mounted 15 of their men who were stationed on the advanced posts. As soon as the horses heard the sound of the trumpets of the regiment of Bubenhoven, they set off at full gallop, and joined their old regiment with their riders on their backs.

Whitehall, Oct. 28.

The King has been pleased to constitute and appoint the Right Hon. Henry John Viscount Palmerston to be his Majesty's secretary at war.

This Gazette contains a general promotion of Admirals in his Majesty's service, and the appointment of twelve new admirals.

At the Court at the Quecen's Palace, the 1st. of Nov. present the King's most excellent Majesty in Council. This day the Right Hon. Henry John Viscount Palmerston was, by his Majesty's command, sworn of his Majesty's most honourable privy council, and took his place at the board accordingly.

His Majesty having been pleased to appoint the Right Hon. Richard Ryder to be one of his Majesty's principal secretaries of state, he was this day, by his Majesty's command, sworn one of his Majesty's principal secretaries of state accordingly.

Whitehall, Nov. 4.

The King has been pleased to grant the dignity of a Baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to the Right Hon.Charles Flower, of Lobb, in the county of Oxford, and of Woodford, in the county of Essex, Esq. Lord Mayor of the City of London, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten.

Whitehall, Nov. 7.

The King has been pleased to constitute and appoint the Right Hon.

VOV. VI.

Robert Dundas, the Right Hon. John Jeffreys Earl Camden, knight of the most noble order of the garter, president of his Majesty's council; the Right Hon. Robert Banks Earl of Liverpool, the Right Hon. Henry Earl Bathurst, and the Right Hon. Richard Ryder, his Majesty's three principal secretaries of state; the Right Hon. Spencer Perceval, chancellor and under treasurer of his Majesty's exchequer; George Percy, Esq.(commonly called Lord Lovaine), the Right Hon. John Baron Teignmouth, the Right Hon. Thomas Wallace, and Francis Almaric Spencer, Esq. (commonly called Lord Francis Almaric Spencer,) to be his Majesty's commissioners for the management of the affairs in India.

The King has been pleased to grant to the Rev. William Howley, Doctor in Divinity, the office and place of Regius Professor of Divinity in the university of Oxford, together with the place and dignity of a canon of the Cathedral Church of Christ in the said university, properly belonging to the Regius Professor of the said university; being both void by the promotion of Doctor Charles Henry Hall, to the deanry of the said cathedral church.

The King has been pleased to present the Rev. Hugh Chambres Jones, Master of Arts, to the vicarage of West Ham, in the county of Essex, and diocese of London, void by the

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resignation of the Rev. Gerald VaYerian Wellesley.

Whitehall, Nov. 14.

The King has been pleased to constitute and appoint the Right Hon. Henry Baron Mulgrave, Sir Richard Bickerton, Bart. vice admiral of the red squadon of his Majesty's fleet, Robert Ward, Esq. James Butler, Esq. William Dornet, Esq. vice admiral of the blue squadron of his Majesty's fleet, Robert Moorsom, Esq. and William Lowther, Esq. (commonly called Viscount Lowther,) to be his Majesty's commissioners for executing the office of high admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the dominions, islands, and territories thereunto belonging.

The King has been pleased to nominate, constitute, and appoint Robert Dundas, Esq. writer to the signet, to be conjunct clerk to the bills in the office of his Majesty's registers and rolls in Scotland, vacant by the death of Robert Anstruther, Esq.

On Monday the 6th. above 200 gentlemen met at the Crown and Anchor, London, to celebrate the anniversary of the acquittal of Messrs. HARDY, TOOKE, THELWALL, and others, in 1794. Mr. JONES BURDETT in the chair.

After dinner "The King, and the principles which placed his family on the throne," and "The Trial by Jury," being drank with appropriate demonstrations of respect and regard, the chairman took occasion to animadvert upon the object of the meeting, which he conceived to be a day of jubilee for freedom, and which all men who valued that sacred cause must be happy to celebrate; for it referred to an event which could never be recollected but with pride an event, which it was the policy of those interested in its character to recur to, and keep alive in the memory of the public-while another jubilee, recently much talked of, served only to provoke a comparison of the present state of the nation, with that which existed upon the accession of the King. It was, however, evident that reform was the universal demand, and the chief hope of the country. It was clear, that

this measure was deemed the only solid basis upon which the liberty and indepen dence of the country could stand, the only certain resource by which the evils that surrounded it could be effectually averted. Such being the general impression, those who were really interest

ed in the freedom and the fate of the country, were somewhat cheered by the reflection, that pressing as the public diseases were, the remedy was univer sally known and strongly recommended. If that remedy were not resorted to, what, he would ask, must be the infatuation of those who could learn nothing from the principle which convened the meeting he had the honour to address. After some farther observations, the worthy chairman proposed the health of the other Patriots, whom in the year "Messrs. Hardy, Tooke, Thelwall, and

1794 Mr. Pitt immortalized."

Upon this toast being drank, with three times three,

Mr. Hardy rose. He said, that being the only person present who had the ho nour of being so favourably distinguished, he felt himself bound to address the

meeting, and return thanks, in order to do which he was under the necessity of making a speech. This, to him, he declared, to be equal to a second trial. He then took a review of the circumstances which preceded and led to his trial. So far back as the year 1779, an association was formed for the purpose of promoting the object of parliamentary reform; which society consisted of several noblemen, gentlemen, and merchants of high consideration. Among others the Duke of Richmond, Mr. Fox, and Mr. Pitt belonged to it. This society continued for some years to propagate useful information upon the important question alluded to. But it was dissolved from various motives, not unknown to the country. Before its dissolution, however, the Duke of Richmond proposed a plan of reform in par liament. A variety of very important tracts were circulated by Mr. Wyvil, in order to enlighten the public upon question. Encouraged by the success of these tracts, and urged by a sense of duty, he associated with others, in the year 1791. Proceeding upon the prin ciples of the Duke of Richmond's plan and following the example of that noble lord and those who acted with him, he could not conceive his connection with a popular association in any degree ille

this