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dertake, it is enough to recal what that army has performed, at the very first moment of its formation, and before its numbers were completed; when Austria was conquered on the plains of Tham, Abensberg, and Eckmuhl. Whether the negociations at Altenburgh end in peace, or in war, your Majesty has now, therefore, a sufficient number of trained men in the internal depots to recruit the army in Germany.

Last January beheld you pursuing the English army in Galicia; but in the midst of that pursuit you learned that Austria meditated a perjury. Although such an event seemed to call for the removal of our greatest force to Germany, your Majesty thought proper to leave the grand ariny in Spain; not because the whole of that army was necessary to reduce the rebels, but in order to snatch from England the possibilty of lengthening the existence of that rebellion, to which her gold had given birth; for, perceiving in the new order of things established in Spain, the sure signal of her own ruin, Great Britain did not despair to overthrow it, and her exertions have far surpassed, in order to compass that end, all that she had effected on occasions of a similar nature,

Gen. Moore brought back from Gallicia only one half of his army: yet the immense losses which it had experienced did not prevent the British government from sending a new army of 40,000 men to Lisbon. It advanced into the heart of Spain, collecting on every side the forces of the insurgents. But the bank of the Alberche have witnessed their flight and their confusion. Compelled to retreat behind that river, and closely pursued by our troops, they have evacuated all Spain, and Portugal has beheld their disorderly return within her frontiers.

About the same time an army of equal strength suddenly entered the Scheldt, to burn our dock-yards at Antwerp. But here our enemies have also been confounded. At their approach, Flushing was supplied with a numerous garrison. Twelve thousand chosen men from St. Omar, under the orders of Senator Rampon, and eight half brigades of reserves, encamped at Boulogne, Louvain, and Paris, were immediately sent post haste to the threatened points. These troops sufficed to defend Antwerp. Surrounded by a strong wall, and protected by the advanced works which your Majesty

ordered to be erected four years ago, that place was also secured by immense inundations. On the left bank of the Scheldt, the fort of La Tete de Flendre, surrounded with an inundation of 2000 toises, afforded the same protection to our communications with our northern fortified cities.

The English expedition was planned in the supposition that Antwerp was an open town; but it really cannot be taken, unless after a long siege. Inde pendently of the regulars, your Majesty beheld, at the first signal, one hundred and fifty thousand national guards, ready to march under the guidance of the majors of your infantry, ancient officers, and those belonging to fifth battalions. In their ranks you have also 'remarked many distinguished veterans. Numerous detachments of cavalry of the line had been out-tripped by the gendarmerie of France. The English knew not that this single description of force can, at the first order, carry to any menaced point sixty squadrons of veterans, who have seen sixteen years of service, tried war riors, who are as well exercised and armed as those valiant cuirassiers who have raised so high the fame and glory of the French cavalry. As through the power of magic, your Majesty's direc tions caused four armies to spring up instantly on the banks of the Scheldt, and in the central points of reserve at Lille and Maestricht, under the com mand of the Prince of Ponte Coryo, the Dukes of Valmy, Cornegliano, and Istria,

This sudden display of forces so numerous, and the national enthusiasın which increased them incessantly, struck the enemy with terror. Their expedition, formed on false grounds, was completely wrecked.

Europe then saw realized what your foresight had perceived, when you pronounced on the ignorance and want of judgment that had directed this expedi tion, and, when sparing of French blood, you ordered us to remain on the defensive, and wrote to me, We rejoice to see the English heaped up in the bogs of Zealand. Let them only be kept in check, and the bad air, and the fevers that scour these islands, will soon have destroyed their army.' Whilst our troops occupied healthy encampments in the neighbourhood of Antwerp, or within the walls of that city, the English army, posted amidst bogs, and without any water to driuk, lust more than one-thir

of its numbers. But the facility with which the English can transport their troops from land to land, makes it probable, that all who shall have escaped the disasters attending this expedition, will be sent to reinforce their army in Portugal.

Sire, the various fields of battle where your legions conquer, are too distant from each other to allow, without great difficulties and losses incident to long marches, one of your armies to form a junction with the other; and your Majesty, satisfied with the zeal and exploits of the troops under your command in Germany, wishes to spare them a renewal of their toils in Spain. The French armies, on the other side of the Pyrenees, besides, are composed of upwards of 300 battalions and 150 squadrons. It is therefore sufficient, without sending new corps into that country, to fill up the complement of those that are there. Thirty thousand men assembled at Bayonne will fully answer that end, and repel all the forces which the English could bring against them.

In this state of things, I have thought that it formed part of your Majesty's intentions to confine the necessary recruiting to the indispensable contingent required to replace, in the internal depots, the number of men which will be taken away from them. The accounts which will be laid before you will shew you, that out of the conscriptions of the years 1806, 7, 8, 9, and 10, more than eighty thousand men still remain, who, though drawn for, have never been called into active service. This immense reinforcement would have marched against your enemies, had the perils of the state so required. I propose to your Majesty to draw 36,000 men out of these classes, and declare the remainder entirely free from future service. Thus, Sire, will your armies be maintained in the respectable state in which they now are placed, and a considerable number of conscripts will be entirely released from the duties of the conscription. Your Majesty will also have at your disposal the 25,000 men contained in the class of 1811, whom, I think, should not be called out, unless events should deceive your hopes and pacific intentions.

Your Majesty's armies are as terrible to your enemies by their number as by their courage. But who would advise France not to increase her exertions in proportion with those of hostile powers?

In order to give such advice, dictated by the most imprudent security, it would be necessary to forget that, a short time ago, Austria had 700,000 men in arms; and to make that gigantic effort, that power had not feared to expose its population to almost total annihilation, and to endanger the greatest part of its possessions. It would be necessary also to forget the share which England has taken in the continental war, displaying at the same time three armies; the one on the coasts of Naples, the other on those of Holland, and the third in the heart of Portugal.

The activity of the enemies of France then increased, because they felt that the moment was come that should fix its greatness for ever. Their efforts will be useless, since France has reached the summit of glory and prosperity, without making any of those sacrifices with which her enemies have ruined themselves.→ For, in reality, notwithstanding the successive calls made for conscripts, scarcely one-fourth of that class of men have been obliged to leave their families.

Whilst considering the situation of your armies, and the consequences of the English expeditions, it is impossible not to rejoice when we behold England, in imitation of Austria, exerting herself beyond her means. What can she expect will be the result of this unequal struggle on land with France. It will terminate in her discomfiture and shame.

Sire, the French nation shall owe to your Majesty the inexpressible blessings and the glory of a peace acquired, withGut naval expeditions, against an enemy who thought himself, on account of the situation, beyond the reach of danger. Every serious attempt made by the English against us on the continent is a step towards a general peace,

The British ministers who preceded those who now compose that govern ment, more skilful than the present, were conscious of that truth, and warily avoided engaging in that unequal contest. They did not forget, that in order to wage war long, its burdens `must bear lightly on the people by whom it is supported.

During the last twelve months, more British blood has flowed than since En

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bravest warriors. Grief at their loss will at last create in the mind of the British people a just horror and detestation of those men who have dared to denounce the threat of eternal war. It will awaken a longing for a general peace, which every man of sense can see is not far distant, should the English continue to wrestle with us on the continent I am, with respect, &c,

The Minister at War,
COUNT D'HUNNEBOURG,

REPORT OF THE MOTIVES OF THE PROJET OF THE SENATUS CONSULTUM, RELATIVE TO A Levy of 36,000 CONSCRIPTS, ON THE CLASSES OF 1806, 1807, 1808, 1809, AND 1810, BY THE COUNT DE CESSAC, ORATOR OF THE COUNCIL OF STATE.

This Report, after many adulations on the genius of the Emperor and King, and a high-coloured panegyric on the loyalty and exertions of the French nation, proceeds to explain the causes of the levy: "The enemies of France," says the Orator, "observing that we levied the classes of 1809, and 1810, before the period in which they were to be called into action, thought, without doubt, that we had recourse to that mode, because none of the resources of former years were left to us. How great was their mistake! If the French government had adopted that line of conduct, it was because it could never be brought to think that the English government had determined to wage perpetual war with France; it was because it could never be brought to think that the Austrian government, to which peace was so important, so necessary-that that government, to which a liberal and unexpected peace had been granted, had a'right to cope again with the French armies directed by Napoleon the Great, and electrified by his presence. Our Emperor, therefore, calculating upon a speedy and long peace, was willing to divide the weight of the war among several classes, in order that it might press the lighter upon each of them. He was also desirous that the French, who constituted these two classes, and who, according to the proper estimate of public duties, might have been deprived of their share of military glory, should be furnished with an opportunity of acquiring it. Disappointed in his first expectations, the Emperor had recourse to those supplies

of men which he had, from principles of prudence, left in reserve. Twice did he apply for succours, and twice were the contingents which he deemed necessary furnished with rapidity. Our modera tion had thrown a veil over our strength, but our moderation is desirous now of manifesting our strength. Let us put an end to an error so fatal to our ene mies, and which may become still more disastrous to them! When they shall be well acquainted with our resources, they will, no doubt, be convinced that a frank and solid peace is the only part, the only post in which they can find safety. It belongs to weak governments to seek for security in the concealment of their weakness, and the exaggerations of their strength. It is the duty of France to make known to her friends and enemies her true situation; that situation is such as to inspire the former with more energy, and to warn the latter, that, in taking up arms, they must expose themselves to certain loss. The following, senators, is the precise state of the cou scriptional force of France, and I can pledge myself for its accuracy: The class of 1806 consisted of 423,000, according to the lists of conscription. That class comprising .15 months. That of 1807.

423,000

352,000

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FRANCE AND AUSTRIA.

TREATY OF PEACE.

Napoleon, by the Grace of God, and the Constitution of the Empire, Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the League of the Rhine, &c.

Having seen and considered the treaty concluded, determined, and signed at Vienna, on the 15th of this month, by the Sieur Nompere de Champagny, our minister for foreign affairs, in virtue of the full powers to that end given him by us, and the Prince John of Lichtenstein, marshal of the armies of his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, equally provided with full powers-which treaty is of the following tenor:

His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the League of the Rhine, Mediator of the League of Switzerland; and his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and Bohemia, being equally animated with a de sire of putting an end to the war which has arisen between them, have resolved to negociate forthwith à definitive treaty of peace, and for that purpose have appointed as their plenipotentiaries namely:-His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the League of the Rhine, the Sieur Jean Baptiste Nompere Count de Champagny, Duke of Cadore, Grand Eagle Bearer of the Legion of Honour, Commander of the Order of the Iron Crown, Knight of the Order of St. Andrew of Russia, Grand Dignitary of that of the Two Sicilies, Grand Cross of the Orders of the Black and Red Eagles of Prussia, of the Order of St. Joseph of Wurtzburg, of the Order of Fidelity of Baden, of the Order of Hesse Darmstadt, his said Majesty's Minister for Foreign Affairs; and his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, the Sieur

Prince John of Lichtenstein, Knight of the order of the Golden Fleece, Grand Cross of the order of Maria, Theresa, Chamberlain, Marshal of the Armies of his said Majesty the Emperor of Austria, and Proprieta ry Commander of a Regiment of Horse in his service:-Who having previously exchanged their full pow ers, have agreed upon the following articles :

Art. I. There shall, from the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, be peace and friendship between his Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the League of the Rhine, and his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, their Heirs and Suc cessors, their States and Subjects respectively, for ever.

II. The present peace is also declared of Spain, his Majesty the King of Holto be common to his Majesty the King land, his Majesty the King of Naples, his Majesty the King of Bavaria, his Majesty the King of Wirtemberg, his Majesty the King of Saxony, and his Majesty the King of Westphalia, his Most Eminent Highness the Prince Primate, their Royal Hignesses the Grand Duke of Baden, the Grand Duke of Berg, the Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt, the Grand Duke of Wurtzburg, and all the Princes and members of the League of the Rhine, the allies, in the present war, of his Majesty the Empe ror of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the League of the Rhine.

III. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, cedes, as well for himself, his heirs and successors, as for the Princes of his house, their heirs and respective suc cessors, the principalities, lordships, do mains, and territories, herein after mentioned, and also all titles which may accrue from the possession of the same; and all properties, whether manorial or held by thein under an especial title, lying within the said territories. 1. He cedes and transfers to his Majesty the Emperor of the French, to form a part of the league of the Rhine, ar.d to be placed at his disposition for the interest of the Sovereigns of the league:

The territories of Saltzburg and Berchtolsgaden; that part of Upper Aus

tria, situate on the further side of a line running from the Danube, at the village of Straas, therein comprehending Weissenkirch, Wedersdorff, Michelbach, Greist, Muckeuhoffen, Helst, and Jedina; thence in the direction of Schwandstadt, the town of Schwandstadt on the Aller, and thence ascending along the bank of that river, and the lake of the same name, to the point where the lake touches upon the territority of Saltzburg. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria shall only retain in property the woods belonging to the Salz-Cammer-Gut, and forming part of the manor of Mondsee, with liberty to cut and carry thence the brush-wood, but without enjoying any right of Sovereignty upon that territory.

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The district round: Cracow, upon the right bank of the Vistula, shall, in the direction of the Podgorze, have for its circumference the distance from Podgorve to Wieliczka. The line of demarkation shall pass through Wieliczka, and to the westward touch upon Scawina, and to the eastward upon Beek, which falls into the Vistula at Brzdegy.

Wieliczka and the whole of the territory of the Salt-pitz shall belong in common to the Emperor of Austria, and the King of Saxony. The Austrian Salt from Wieliczka, in its convey. ance over the Vistula, and through the Duchy of Warsaw, shall not he subject to any toll-duties. Corn of all kinds, raised in Austrian Gallicia, may also be freely exported across the Vistula.

2. He also cedes to his Majesty the Em-
peror of the French, King of Italy, 5.
the county of Goritia, the manor of
Montefalcone, the government and
city of Trieste, Carniola, with its de-
pendencies on the Gulf of Trieste,
the circle of Willacha in Carinthia,
and all the territories lying on the
right bank of the Saave, from the
point where that river leaves Carniola,
along its course to where it touches
the frontiers of Bosina; namely, a
part of Provincial Croatia, six dis-
tricts of Military Croatia, Fiume, and
the Hungarian Littorale, Austrian Is
tria, or the district of Castua, the
islands depending on the ceded terri-
tories, and all other territories, how-
soever named, upon the right bank
of the Saave-the middle stream of
the said river serving as the boundary
between the two States.

Lastly, the lordships of the Radzuns,
lying in the Granbunderland.
3. He cedes and makes over to his Ma-
jesty the King of Saxony, the territory
of Bohemia depending upon, and in-
cluded in the territory of the kingdom
of Saxony, namely, the parishes and
villages of Gundersdorff, Tauban-
franke, Gerlochsheim, Lenkersdorf,
Schirgis, Winkel, &c.

4. He cedes and makes over to the
King of Saxony, to be united to the
Duchy of Warsaw, the whole of Wes-
ter or New Gallicia, a district round
Cracow, on the right bank of the Vis-
tula, to be hereafter ascertained, and
the circle of Zamose, in Eastern Gal-
licia.

He cedes and makes over to his Majesty the Emperor of Russia, in the easternmost part of Gallicia, a tract of territory containing a population of 400,000 souls, the city of Brodi being, nevertheless, not therein included.

IV. The Teutonic order having been abolished in the States of the League of the Rhine, his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, in the name of his Imperial Highness the Archduke Anthony, abdicates the grand mastership of that order in his states, and recognizes the dispositions taken with regard to the property of that order, locally situated out of the Austrian territory. Pensions shall be assigned to those who have been on the civil establishment of the order.

V. The debts funded upon the territory of the ceded provinces, and allowed by the states of the said provinces, or accruing from expences incurred for their administration, shall alone follow the fate of those provinces.

VI. The provinces which are to be restored to his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, shall be administered for his behoof by the Austrian constituted authorities, from the day of exchanging the ratification of the present treaty; and the imperial domains, wheresoever situated, from the 1st of November next. It is nevertheless understood, that the French army in this country shall take for their use whatever articles cannot be supplied by their magazines for the subsistence of the troops and the wants of the hospitals; and also what

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