Lithium Batteries: Proceedings of the International Symposium

active addition alloy amount anode batteries behavior carbon cathode cell changes characteristics charge charge-discharge chemical coated compared composite compounds concentration conductivity consisting constant curves cycle decrease density deposited diffraction diffusion discharge discharge capacity effect efficiency Electrochem electrode electrolyte energy Figure formation formed glasses graphite electrodes heat hexagonal higher improved increase indicates initial insertion intensity irreversible capacity layer Li-ion Li/Li LiCoO2 limitations LiPF6 lithium lithium intercalation lithium ions loss mAh/g material measurements metal milling natural graphite Ni-composite observed obtained particle patterns peaks performance phase potential powder predicted prepared profiles range ratio reaction reduction reference region respectively reversible salt samples scan shown in Fig shows solid solution solvent specific spectra structure substrate surface area Table temperature tests tin oxide voltage volume X-ray