English Phonology: An IntroductionCambridge University Press, 15 okt 1992 - 333 pagina's This is an introduction to the phonology of present-day English. It deals principally with three varieties of English: "General American," Southern British "Received Pronunciation" and "Scottish Standard English." It offers a systematic and detailed discussion of the features shared by these major accents, and explains some major differences. Other varieties of English--Australian and New Zealand English, South African English and Hiberno-English--are also discussed briefly. Without focusing on current phonological theory and its evolution, the author demonstrates the importance of "theory," in whatever shape or form, in phonological argumentation. This textbook will be welcomed by all students of English language and linguistics. |
Inhoudsopgave
11 Organs and Processes 111 The initiation process | 1 |
112 The phonation process | 2 |
113 The oronasal process | 3 |
114 The articulation process | 6 |
12 Articulation in detail | 7 |
places of articulation | 9 |
122 Vowels | 12 |
123 Manners of articulation | 18 |
645 Appendices | 147 |
65 The syllable template and phonotactics | 151 |
651 Onset phonotactics | 153 |
652 Rhyme phonotactics | 159 |
vowels and consonants revisited | 164 |
66 The syllabification of polysyllabic words | 167 |
67 Segments Xpositions and syllables | 174 |
Suggested reading to chapter 6 | 178 |
vowels revisited | 22 |
13 Conclusion | 26 |
Suggested reading to chapter 1 | 27 |
consonant phonemes 21 Phonetics and phonology or how many speech sounds does English have? | 29 |
22 Phones phonemes and allophones | 31 |
231 The basic inventory | 33 |
232 Some regional modifications | 36 |
233 Phonemic transcription and information | 37 |
234 The phonetic content of phonemes | 39 |
Suggested reading to chapter 2 | 42 |
31 A choice of reference accents | 43 |
321 The Southern British Standard vowel phonemes | 44 |
322 The vowel phonemes of Scottish Standard English | 45 |
323 The vowel phonemes of General American | 47 |
331 Pairs of phonemes | 48 |
332 England | 51 |
333 Scotland | 53 |
334 The United States | 58 |
341 Rhotic and nonrhotic accents | 61 |
342 Scottish Standard English | 63 |
343 General American | 64 |
344 Received Pronunciation | 65 |
schwa and some other vowels | 66 |
36 Phonemic symbols and phonetic content | 69 |
Some more accents of English | 75 |
371 Australian New Zealand and South African English | 76 |
Southern and Northern | 82 |
Suggested reading to chapter 3 | 87 |
the classification of English vowel phonemes 41 The role of features in phonology | 89 |
42 Phonological features and the basic vowel system | 92 |
Sonorant Continuant and Consonantal | 93 |
the feature Tense | 95 |
423 Tenseness and length | 99 |
Back High and Low | 102 |
425 The feature Round and more on redundancy | 107 |
Suggested reading to chapter 4 | 111 |
the consonant system 51 Why new features? | 112 |
511 Excess of features | 113 |
512 Vowel features and consonant features | 115 |
Anterior Coronal and Strident | 116 |
53 Round High Low and Back revisited | 119 |
Voice and Tense | 121 |
55 Nasal and Lateral | 124 |
56 A final note on redundancy | 126 |
Suggested reading to chapter 5 | 129 |
61 Phonetic and phonological units | 130 |
62 What is a syllable? | 131 |
63 Some unanswered questions | 134 |
64 The structure of monosyllabic words | 137 |
641 The onset | 138 |
642 The coda | 139 |
643 The peak | 140 |
644 The rhyme | 143 |
71 On the nature of stress | 179 |
72 Stress and syllable structure | 182 |
721 Final stress | 183 |
722 Nonfinal stress | 186 |
73 Stress and nonphonological structure | 189 |
Metrical Phonology 741 The notation | 193 |
742 Some generalisations | 198 |
75 The nonpredictability of English word stress | 205 |
Suggested reading to chapter 7 | 207 |
the realisations of phonemes 81 The phonetic level of representation | 208 |
the principles | 210 |
clear and dark 1 | 211 |
optionality versus nonbinarity and natural classes | 213 |
unreleased stops | 217 |
83 Allophony in the obstruent system | 218 |
aspiration and glottalisation | 219 |
devoicing | 222 |
phonetic correlates of the voicing opposition | 223 |
834 Glottal stops taps and some problems | 225 |
841 Recapitulation | 227 |
842 The Scottish VowelLength Rule | 229 |
843 Vowellength allophony | 234 |
85 Rules phonetic representations and binary features | 235 |
851 The nonbinarity of phonetic representations | 236 |
852 Rules features and natural classes | 238 |
the archiphoneme | 241 |
Suggested reading to chapter 8 | 248 |
9 Phrases sentences and the phonology of connected speech | 249 |
91 Stress beyond the single word | 250 |
911 Phrasal stress | 252 |
912 Compound stress | 254 |
921 Stresstiming in English | 258 |
922 Metrical structure and the foot | 260 |
the rhythmic adjustment of stress patterns | 272 |
93 Syllables in connected speech | 279 |
931 Liaison | 280 |
932 Some effects of liaison | 281 |
94 Structure simplification in connected speech | 284 |
941 Vowel reduction and weak forms | 285 |
942 Reduction elision assimilation | 287 |
Suggested reading to chapter 9 | 290 |
101 On phonological theories | 291 |
Generative Phonology 1021 The velar nasal phoneme or sequence? | 297 |
a partial analysis | 301 |
1023 The VowelShift derivation | 305 |
free rides and derived environments | 310 |
1031 What is a segment? | 313 |
1032 Features and the Xtier | 315 |
1033 Do feature matrices have structure? | 321 |
Suggested reading to chapter 10 | 323 |
References | 325 |
330 | |
Overige edities - Alles bekijken
Veelvoorkomende woorden en zinsdelen
accents of English air stream allophonic rules alveolar ambisyllabicity analysis archiphoneme basic vowel system binary features characterised citation forms closed syllables coda connected speech consonantal constraints contexts coronal derivational devoicing diphthongs discussed distinction English vowel English word example express fact feature bundles foot fricatives given Hiberno-English language lax vowels level of representation lexical manner of articulation minimal pairs monophthongs morphological nasal natural class nonrhotic Note nouns obstruents oral stops peak phonemic contrasts phonemic representations phonetic level phonological theory phonological unit phonotactic place of articulation possible predictable problem redundancy rules Rh Rh rhyme schwa Scottish Standard English segments sequence sonorant speakers speech sounds stress patterns stressed syllables SVLR Sy Rh Sy Sy syllabification syllable boundaries syllable onset syllable structure syntactic tense vowels three reference accents Trisyllabic Laxing underlying underlying representation underlyingly unstressed velar voiced voiceless stops vowel length vowel phonemes X-positions
Verwijzingen naar dit boek
English Phonetics and Phonology: A Practical Course, Volume 1 Peter Roach Geen voorbeeld beschikbaar - 2000 |
Cognitive Exploration of Language and Linguistics René Dirven,Marjolyn Verspoor Gedeeltelijke weergave - 2004 |