iron in the metallic state, and very malleable. The largest of fifty first picked up, weighed but two pounds. Monthly Mag. for Sep. 1814, p. 1 63. the Romans, may be considered as similar to that blood-red we see in old tapestry. See BERTHOLLET, on the Art of Dyeing, translated by Hamilton, Introduc. p. xix. 6090. [Rev. xviii. 22.] At the earliest dawn of morning in all the Hindoo towns and villages, the hand-mills are at work; when the menials and widows grind meal sufficient for the daily consumption of the family. FORBES' Oriental Memoirs. 6091. [Rev. xix. 3.] In the month of September 1812, an intelligent traveller observed something rising from the middle of the turnpike-road, which appeared like a quantity of steam or smoke, issuing rapidly from a narrow aperture (perhaps six or eight inches, he says, in diameter). This however, on a nearer approach, was perceived to be dust; which immediately ascended, he says, in a compact column, to the height of fifty or sixty feet, where it expanded in an unusually still air, and was in about half a minute lost in the surrounding atmosphere. Would not the same cause, acting on a body of water, have produced, he asks, what is commonly termed a water-spout? Monthly Mag. for Feb. 1815, p. 23. 6095. [Rev. xix. 17.] " On a sudden," says E. SwedenBORG, "the Sun of heaven appeared to the spirits of the planet Mercury, and in the midst thereof the Lord Himself encompassed with His solar circle: on seeing this, the spirits humbled themselves profoundly, and subsided. Then also, the Lord appeared from that Sun to the spirits of our earth, who, when they were men, saw Him in the world; and they all one after another, thus several in order, confessed that it was the Lord Himself. At that instant also, the Lord ap-. peared from this Sun to the spirits of the planet Jupiter, who declared with open voice, that it was He Himself, whom they had seen on their earth, when the God of the universe appeared to them." (Arcana, n. 7173.)-It was then even-tide here (on our earth). Ibid. n. 7174. The great God of the universe is in the Sun of the angelic heaven. Ibid. n. 9694. The Divine True Sphere proceeding from the Lord as a Sun is what shines in the heavens, enabling the augels not only to see, but also to understand. Ibid. n. 9696. - 6092. [8.] 8. The Silk-like byssus: The byssus, which the Scripture so often mentions, is a sort of silk, of a golden yellow, formed out of the beard or tuft of the Pinna longa, a large shell-fish of the muscle species found on the coasts of the Mediterranean sea. As to our silk made from worms, it was unknown in the time of the Israelites, and the use of it did not become common on this side of the Indies, till more than five hundred years after Christ. See No. 6087. Dr. A. Clarke's FLEURY, p. 75. 6093. In the heavens where love to the Lord is predominant, the light is flame-coloured, and the angels there are clothed in purple garments. In the heavens where wisdom is predominant, the light is bright-white, and the angels are clothed in white silk-like garments. - Byssinus is from bombyx. See SWEDENBORG, on Divine Love, n. 380. 6097. A man standing on a level plane, of infinite extent, will imagine that he stands in the centre of a basin. This is also, in some measure, the case with a person standing on the level of the sea. PRIESTLEY'S Hist. of Vision, p. 703. 6094. [- — 13.] The admired purple of the Antients, which on pain of death, none but the Cesars could wear among 6098. [ 17, 18.] The enemy had cut down the trees, destroyed the village, and burnt all the corn and provender they could not carry off; the surrounding plain, de 6100. [1, 2.] He who has introduced himself interiorly and profoundly into infernal societies becomes like one bound in chains. Yet so long as he lives in the world, he feels not his chains: they are like soft wool or fine silken threads, which he loves because they are pleasurable. But, after death, these chains, from soft, become hard; and instead of being pleasurable, they are galling. - SWEDENBORG, on Divine Providence, n. 295. 6101. [ — 2. A thousand years] The time taken by any planet in wheeling round the sun, is its year. By the same rule, one term of the angels of God around the Sun of righteousness, must be such a year as it is here computed by: See John i. 51. — Take an idea of the ascending and descending of the Angels of God in their revolutions about the Son of Man: Saturn is encircled by seven moons; that nearest to him, performs its revolution in twenty-two hours and a half; and that which is the remotest, revolves in seventy-nine days and seven hours, turning like our moon, on its axis and about its planet in precisely the same time. As probably, the annual and diurnal revolutions of the angels of God may, in like manner, be com pleted in one and the same time; hence perhaps the reason why the prophets, in referring to the eternal world, denote the same period or revolution of things by a year, or a day, as being perfectly equivalent. Angelic societies must be, in every respect, as moons to the Sun of heaven. was 6103. [Rev. xx. 9.] Ou the 11th of November 1799, there a very curious phenomenon at Barbadoes; an incessant shooting of the stars from elevcu o'clock at night till daylight the next morning, described by some as a shower of fire it was, indeed, magnificently awful. 6104. [ 12. I saw the dead, small and great, stand before GOD: and the books were opened, and another book was opened which is the book of life] In the four spiritual spheres, of Love, Wisdom, Goodness and Truth, GOD beholds the images of earthly objects, as we see ideas of things in looking on their names in books of different languages. Hence those spheres, when the under-strata of their opposites are removed, are the books opened. 6105. --- Every man has two memories; one exterior, the other interior: the exterior is proper to his body, but the interior proper to his spirit. · Whatever things a man hears and sees, and is affected with, these are insinuated, as to ideas and ends, into his interior memory, without his being aware of it, and there remain; so that not a single impression is lost, although the same things be obliterated in the exterior memory. The interior memory therefore is such, that there are inscribed in it all the particular things (yes, the most particular), which a man has at any time thought, spoke, or done (yes, which have appeared to him as shadow), with the most minute circumstances, from his earliest infancy to extreme old age. A man has with him the memory of all these things, when he comes into the other life; and he is successively brought into every recollection of them. This is the BOOK OF his LIFE, which is opened in the other life; and according to which he is judged. SWEDENBORG, Arcana, n. 2474. When spirits come to a man, they enter into all his memory, and read the things contained therein as out of a book. Ibid. n. 6811. 6102. [- 8.] It is now received as a general position of history, that those immense bodies of soldiers which spread 6106. [13.] Hades, or Pluto was sometimes called by the antient Greeks the infernal Jupiter. Univer. Hist. vol. i. p. 62. 6108. The corrugations in the atmosphere of the sun are evidently caused by a double stratum of clouds: the lower whereof, or that which is next to the sun, consists of clouds less bright than those which compose the upper stratum. The lower clouds are also more closely connected : while the upper ones are chiefly detached from each other, and permit us to see every where through them. - Perhaps this lower region is a set of dense opaque planetary clouds, like those (in the gaseous spheres) upon our globe. In that case, their light is only the uniform reflection of the surrounding superior self-luminous region. 6109. Phil. Trans. 1801, part ii. pp. 204, The hells which appertain to the spirits of the planet Venus, appear around that earth, and communicate not with the hells of the evil ones of our earth; because they are altogether of another genius, and of another disposition. I have seen, says SWEDENBORG, some of those spirits, after their extreme sufferings, taken up into heaven. Arcana, nn. 7250, 7251. 6115. The heaven (in the intermediate world), where the men of the external church are, is called sea, because their habitation in the spiritual world (surrounding our earth) appears at a distance, as it were, in a sea; for the celestial angels (there), who are angels of the supreme heaven, dwell as in an ethereal atmosphere, the spiritual angels, who are angels of the middle heaven, dwell as in an aerial atmosphere, and the spiritual-natural angels, who are angels of the ultimate (or lowest) heaven, dwell as it were in a watery atmosphere, which, as was observed, at a distance appears like a sea. SWEDENBORG'S Apoc. Rev. n. 878. 6118. [Rev. xxi. 2. The holy city, new Jerusalem] Agrippa added to the old Jerusalem a fourth hill, north of the temple: this was called Bezetha, or the New City. See JOSEPH. Wars, b. v. ch. iv. § 1, 2. 6119. The very remarkable aerial phenomenon, called Fata Morgana, is sometimes observed from the harbour of Messina, in Sicily, and from some neighbouring places, at a certain height in the atmosphere. In fine summer-days, when the weather is calm, there rises above the great current a vapor, which acquires a certain density, so as to form in the atmosphere horizontal prisms, whose sides are disposed in such a manner, that when they come to their proper degree of perfection, they reflect and represent successively, for some time, the objects on the coast or in the adjacent country. They exhibit by turns the city and suburbs of Messina, trees, animals, men, and mountains. See No. 6040. See Voyage Pittoresque des Isles de Sicile, &c. par M. HOUEL. 6123. [Rev. xxi. 16.] The colors into which a beam of white light is separable by refraction, appear to me, says Dr. WOLLASTON, to be neither seven, as they are usually seen in the rainbow, nor reducible by any means (that I can find) to three, as some persons have conceived; but, by employing a very narrow pencil of light, four primary divisions of the prismatic spectrum may be seen, with a degree of distinctness that, I believe, has not been described nor observed before. If a beam of day-light be admitted into a dark room by a crevice one-twentieth of an inch broad, and received by the eye at the distance of ten or twelve feet, through a prism of flint-glass, free from veins, held near the eye, the beam is seen to be separated into the four following colors only, red, yellowish-green, blue, and violet. Phil. Trans. 1802, part ii. p. 378. 6121. HUTTON'S Recreations, vol. ii. p. 319. Those bodies, of which the composition has not been ascertained by conclusive experiment, are considered by modern Chemists as in reality simple. Bodies of this kind are known by the qualified term bases, or radicals. - At present, the number of these bases is considerable; but, from the industry of the Chemists, we may reasonably expect that it will be gradually diminished, and that means will be discovered by which some of these bases may be reduced to their (in all, twelve) elementary principles. JACQUIN'S Chemistry, by Stutzer, p. 6. 6122. [16.] Mr. Derham, observing very nicely the variations of the mercury from the bottom to the top of the Monument (in London), found that at the height of eightytwo feet it fell one tenth of an inch, and two tenths at 164 feet; and repeating the same experiment, his observations agreed exactly with the first trial. At the top of Snowdon Hill in Wales, which is 1240 yards high, Dr. Halley found 6124. A given volume of water absorbs its bulk of (red) carbonic acid, of sulphuretted hydrogen, and of nitrous oxide gas. In olefiant gas, the (refracted) distance of the (abso bed) particles (yellowish-green) within water is just twice that without, as is inferred from the density being one-eighth. In oxygenous gas, nitrous gas, carburretted hydrogen, and carbonic oxide, the (refracted) distance (blue) is three times as great; and in azotic gas, hydrogenous gas, and carbonic oxide (all blue), four times as great. DALTON'S Chem. Philos. part i. pp. 200, 201, 203.. 6125. [— 16, 17.] The description here given is plainly that of a city built on a hill; having the wall of a proper and moderate height (140 cubits), lying four-square, and surrounding the base; whilst the hill (within the wall) rises gradually on every side, from the wall to the centre; where its utmost height is equal to the length of the wall on any one side in consequence of which, the streets would become visible on the outside of the city, above the walls (as they are said to be); and it may be conceived to contain every thing that can make its glory and majesty complete, commanding in, every part extensive views, free from all interruptions; and forming the most glorious scenery to an approaching beholder. KING's Morsels of Criticism, p. 45. 6126. [Rev. xxi. 17.] This man or angel, which measured a hundred, forty and four cubits, may well be called the GRAND MAN of the New Christian-Heaven, being the glorified JESUS CHRIST. - In this Image of God, as in a mirror, it seems, a representation of the Holy City Jerusalem was taken off by the light of God, and represented to the sight of John's spirit, as images on Earth are taken off and represented by a natural light, in a proper medium, to the view of a man's corporeal sight. The sphere that circulates around from the feet to the head of this Image of God, being in a globular form, causes Jesus Christ to be denominated The SUN OF RIGHTEOUSNESS. Hence, in this spherical form, the Holy City could appear in its proper dimensions foursquare. The atmosphere which surrounds us, is composed of twentyseven parts of oxygen gas and seventy-three of azote or nitrogen gas, which are simply diffused together, but which, when combined, become nitrous acid. Water consists of eighty-six parts oxygen, and fourteen parts of hydrogen or inflammable air, in a state of combination. It is also probable, that much oxygen enters the composition of glass; as those materials which promote vitrification, contain so much of it, as minium and manganese; and that glass is hence a solid acid in the temperature of our atmosphere, as water is a fluid one. DARWIN'S Temple of Nature, canto iii. 1. 13. 6127. According to the Egyptian canon of proportions in painting, the human figure was divided into twenty-two parts and a half; of which the head took up two and two-thirds, or the eighth of the whole, corresponding in this respect with the heroic style among the Greeks. 6128. DENON. A man of exact proportion should be eight spans high; the length from the hand to the bend of the elbow should be two spans; the arm should measure a span and a quarter, the extent of the span being that of the individual. All the other bones, whether great or small; the bones of the leg, the vertebræ, the bones of the fingers, are alike subject to certain rules, as well for the dimensions, whence their particular form results, as the proportious they reciprocally bear to each other. The same holds good in all the other parts of the frame, whether external or internal, as the depression of the sinciput below the summit of the head with elevation above all that surrounds it, the extent of the forehead, and of the two arches of the eyebrows, the sinking of the two temples, the elevation of the two cheek bones, the flat form of the cheeks, the blunt blade of the nose, the softness of the cartilage that forms the point of it, the opening of the nostrils, the breadth of the isthmus by which they are separated, the thickness of the lips, the roundness of the chin, the cutting and rounded form of the two jaws, and many other particulars which it is almost impossible to describe, and which can only be well comprehended by the eye, by dissection, and diligent inspection of the parts. ABD ALLATIF's Relation respecting Egypt. 6130. [Rev. xxi. 18.] There is a species of talc, commonly known amongst us by the name of Muscovy Glass, because brought to us generally from that country. It abounds particularly in the island of Cyrus, where it lies four or five feet under the surface, almost throughout the whole island: We have it also from Africa and Arabia, and it has been discovered to abound in the Alps, the Appenines, and many of the mountains of Germany. It is a beautiful fossil, of an equal, regular, and elegantly-laminated structure; and is usually found in masses ten or twelve inches in breadth, and from half an inch to three inches in thickness. These are of a smooth and even surface, except at the edges, where the joinings of various aud innumerable flakes make a multitude of thin ridges: which being separated by the edge of a knife, or other means, the mass readily splits into very thin lamine, of an extraordinary brightness and transparency. Its color is of a fine clear white, resembling that of the purest glass; but there is another still more elegant species of this fossil, called red talc, found in Muscovy and Persia, which, though reddish in the masses, is seldom brought to us except in such thin plates as to have no remains of its color distinguishable. The Autients made windows of this pellucid stone, and at present it is used by miniature painters to cover their pictures. The best sort of lanterns are also made of it instead of horn, and minute objects are usually laid between two plates of it for examination by the microscope. SMITH'S Wonders. 6131. [— 18-21.] Thin transparent plates, fibres, and particles, do, according to their several thicknesses and densities, reflect several sorts of rays, and thereby appear of several colors; and by consequence, nothing more is requisite, for producing all the colors of natural bodies, than the several sizes and densities of their transparent particles. From a variety of experiments and facts, it appears, that all the metals, when united with glass, actually do, without any exception, exhibit colors in the order of their densities, as under: Gold-Red; Lead - Orange; Silver Yellow; Copper Green; Iron-Blue; &c. - Tin is not capable of |