The territory of its situation is rough and uneven, and its temperature cold, as bearing only three leagues from the cordillera. From this From this flows down a stream which intersects the town, and over which is thrown three stone bridges of one arch each. By this stream are frequently found washed up bits of gold of the finest quality; and, in 1730, a bit was found of the value of 12,000 dollars, which was sent to the king. In the middle of the chief square is a beautiful fountain sprouting from three bodies of white stone. The country is fertile, pleasant, and abundant, in barley, papas, and coca. The word Chuquiavo is corrupted from Choqueyapu, which, in the Aimaran language, which is that of the natives, signifies an inheritance of gold.

The bishop is suffragan to the archbishopric of Charcas, and not of Lima, as Mr. Martiniere asserts. The arms of this city, which were granted by the emperor Charles V., are a shield, and in the highest part of it an helmet and a dove with a branch of olive in its beak; in the centre a crown; below this, on one side, a lion, and on the other a lamb, both standing under a river, the motto being as follows:

"Los discordes encontrados
En paz y amor se juntaron;
Y Pueblo de Paz fundaron
Para perpetua memoria."

The discordances, met together,
United themselves in peace and love:
And founded a settlement of peace
In perpetual remembrance.

It is 288 miles s. s. e. from Cuzco, 218 s. e. from
Arequipa, 612 s. e. from Lima, and 234 w. of
Sta. Cruz de la Sierra, and in lat. 17° 30' s. long.
68° 25' w.

Bishops who have presided in La Paz.

1. Don Fr. Domingo de Valderrama, of the order of Santo Domingo, native of Quito, a celebrated preacher and professor in the university of Lima; promoted from the archbishopric of Santo Domingo to be first bishop of La Paz in 1606. He died in 1615.

2. Don Pedro de Valencia, native of Lima; in which university he studied civil law and canons,

and in both graduated as doctor: was chanter of that holy metropolitan church; elected bishop of La Paz in 1616. After a most laudable zeal in the discharge of his duty, he died at 80 years of age in 1631.

3. Don Feliciano de la Vega, native of Lima; a man of extraordinary literature and talent: he was canon in his native place, chanter and provisor of the archbishop Don Bartolomé Lobo Guerrero, and made governor of the archbishopric by Don Fernando Arias de Ugarte, commissary of crusade and of the inquisition, morning professor of canons in that university; and so profound a lawyer, that Fr. Buenaventura de Salinas asserts, that of the four thousand sentences which he gave, civil or criminal, not one was ever revoked. He was elected bishop of Popayán, and from thence translated to the see of La Paz in 1639, and promoted in the same year to the archbishopric of Mexico.

4. Don Alonso Franco de Luna, native of Madrid; collegiate in the chief college of San Ildefonso de Alcalá, curate of the parish of San Andres in his native place, bishop of Nueva Vizcaya, and promoted to La Paz, where he died in 1644.

5. Don Fr. Francisco de la Sena, of the order of San Agustin, native of the city of Leon de Guanuco in Peru: he studied and read arts and theology, was master of studies, and in the university of Lima noon and evening lecturer; twice provincial in his religion and calificador of the holy office; presented to the bishopric of La Paz in 1645. He died before he took possession.

6. Don Antonio de Castro y Castillo, native of Castro Xeris in the archbishopric of Burgos: he commenced his studies in the university of Alcalá, and finished them at Salamanca, where he graduated as bachelor; also in Lima as licentiate he was curate of the grand church of Potosi, inquisitor of Lima for 20 years; presented to the bishopric of Guamanga, which he renounced, and afterwards to that of La Paz in 1648.

7. Don Fr. Francisco de Gamboa, of the order of San Agustin, evening theological lecturer; presented to the bishopric, but refused it.

8. Don Martin de Velasco y Molina, native of the town of this name in Aragon; canon of Truxillo, dean of Arequipa, penitentiary canon and chanter in the holy church of Lima; morning lecturer in its university, provisor of the archbishop Don Pedro de Villagomez; presented to the bishopric of Santa Marta, but which he did not accept, although he did of that of La Paz, in 1654.

9. Don Fr. Bernardino de Cárdenas, of whom we have spoken in the catalogue of the bishops of Paraguay; and although it is there observed, that he was promoted to the church of Santa Cruz de la Sierra; yet was he removed to that of La Paz in the same year of 1666, where he enjoyed greater quietude than he did in the former, and where he died.

10. Don Fr. Gabriel de Guillistegui, also of the order of San Francisco, and bishop of Para guay; promoted to the bishopric of La Paz in 1671: he died in 1675.

11. Don. Fr. Bernardo Carrasco, of the order of S. Domingo, native of Lima, and provincial of his order; presented to the bishopric of this dios cess from that of La Paz in 1676.

12. Don Fr. Diego Morcillo, of the order of La Santisima Trinidad Calzada, native of Robledo in La Mancha, provincial of his religion; elected bishop of Nicaragua, removed to that of La Paz in 1708, and promoted to the archbishopric of Charcas in 1711.

- 13. Don Mateo Villafañe, of whom mention is made in the bishops of Popayán: he passed promoted from that church to this of La Paz in 1711.

14. Don Agustin Rodrigueze Delgado; promoted from the bishopric of Panamá in 1731.. 15. Don Salvador Bermudez; promoted from the archbishopric of Charcast in 1746.

16. Don Fr. Joseph de Peralta, of the order of St. Domingo; promoted from the bishopric of Buenos Ayres in the aforesaid year, 1746, and died in the following.

17. Don Matias de Ibañez, elected in 1748: he died in 1752.

18. Don Diego Antonio de Parada, canon of the cathedral of Astorga, many years provisor of its bishopric; elected to this of La Paz in 1752, and promoted to the metropolitan see of the archbishoprie of Lima in 1761.

t

19. Don Gregorio Francisco de Campos, elected in 1762, and who was actually governing in 1788.

PAZ, SAN LUIS DE LA, an alcaldía mayor and district of the kingdom and bishopric of Mechoacán; bounded s.e. by the jurisdiction of the town of Cadereita, w. by that of San Miguel el Grande, s.-by that of Queretaro, and n. by that of San Luis de Potosi. It is very fertile, and abounds in vegetable productions, especially in vines, of which much wine and brandy are made, constituting the principai branches of the commerce of its limited jurisdiction; this consisting of only the following settlements: 1.

San Tomas Tierra Blanca.

Real de Targea, PAZ, the capital of the same name, was founded by the Jesuits for the conversion of the infidels, and had in it a very good college. Its population is composed of 42 families of Spaniards, 68 of Mustees and Mulattoes, and 614 of Indians, applied to the cultivation of maize, which the territory produces in abundance; as also of vines, from which they make great quantities of wine and brandy, much esteemed throughout the kingdom. It is 120 miles n. with an inclination to n. w. of Mexico, in lat. 20° 59′ n. long. 100° 28' w.

PAZ, a settlement, with the dedicatory title of San Nicholas, in the province and government of Cartagena and Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It is of the district of the town of Sinú, and one of those new settlements founded by the governor Don Francisco Pimienta in 1776.

PAZ, another, of the missions which were held by the Jesuits in California; situate on the shore of the bay of the same naine, at a small distance from the inner coast of the gulf.

PAZ, another, with a good port, which is a parish of the French, in the part which they possess in the island St. Domingo: on the n. coast, between the bay of Mosquito and the settlement of San Luis.

PAZCA. See PASCA.

Spain.]

PAZUELOS, a settlement of the province and government of Cumaná or Nueva Andalucia; situate on the coast, at the mouth of the river Nervi, and e. of the city of Barcelona.

PAZULCO, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Tepoxtlan, and alcaldía mayor of Cuernavaca in Nueva España. It contains 130 families of Indians, is annexed to the curacy of Ayacapixtla, and is situate on an entirely barren plain, so that it is without all commerce, and supported by the mere labour of the inhabitants. It has been in a state of great dilapidation, or nearly depopulated since the year 1744, when on one of the nights of Shrove-tide were murdered there of the ministers of justice

of the district of Ayotapec, who came in an untimely manner amongst the people whilst they were enjoying themselves.

[PEACE, an island on the coast of Nova Scotia, a little to the s. of Mirachi point.]

[PEACE River, in N. America, was visited by Mackenzie in the year 1789; he ascended it to its source, and thence to the Pacific ocean, making many discoveries, which he judiciously narrated in his journal. Previously to this voyage this celebrated traveller had embarked from fort Chepewyan, in lat. 58° n. long. 110° w. from Greenwich, and with the greatest fortitude, under embarrassing and perilous circumstances, explored with assiduity the n. region to nearly lat, 70 n. where obstruction by ice compelled him to return to fort Chepewyan.]

[PEACHAM, a township in Caledonia county, Vermont; lies w. of Barnet on Connecticut river. It contains 365 inhabitants.]

[PEACOCK, a township in Buck's county, Pennsylvania.]

PEAD, a settlement of the island of Barbadoes, in the s. part near the coast.

[PEAKS OF OTTER, are thought to be the highest part of the Blue Ridge, or any other of that part of N. America, measuring from their base. The height is 4000 feet; which, however, is not one-fifth of the height of the mountains of S. America.]

[PEARL, an island in the gulf of Mexico, towards the mouth of the Mississippi, a few leagues from Dauphin island; about six or seven miles in length, and four in breadth.]

[PEARL, a river which rises in the Chactaw country, in the w. part of Georgia, has a s. course to the gulf of Mexico, and is navigable upwards of 150 miles. Its principal mouths are near the entrance at the e. end of the Regolets, through which is the passage to lake Ponchartrain. It has seven feet at its entrance, and deep water afterwards. In 1769 there were some settlements on this river, where they raised tobacco, indigo, cotton, rice, Indian corn, and all sorts of vegetables. The land produces a variety of timber, fit for pipe and hogshead staves, masts, yards, and all kinds of plank for ship-building.] [PEARN'S Point, on the w. side of the island of Antigua, and the w. side of Mosquito cove. Off it are the Five Islands.

PEBAS Y CAUMARES, SAN IGNACIO DE, a settlement of the province and government of Mainas in the kingdom of Quito; situate at the mouth of the river Shiquitá, at its entrance into the Marañon.

PEBOKE, a small river of Nova Scotia or Acadia in N. America, which runs e. between the coast and the bay of Fundy, and enters the Cheben.

PECA, a settlement of the province and government of Jaen de Bracamoros in the kingdom of Quito.

PECHE, ANCE DE LA, a bay on the e. coast of lake Superior in N. America.

PECHELIN, a river of the province and government of Cartagena in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It rises close to the town of Maria, runs w. and enters the sea near the town of Santiago de Tolú,

PECHERA, a settlement of the missions which were held by the Jesuits, in the province of Taraumara and kingdom of Nueva Vizcaya. Thirtytwo leagues w. s. w. one quarter s. of the town and real of mines of San Felipe Chiguagua.

PECHEURS, an island of the N. Sea, near the coast of Guayana, in the part possessed by the French; situate at the mouth of the river Aprovak. It is half a league long, but is very narrow, covered with trees, and having a sandbank, which extends another half league to the n. and forms two channels, of which that to the left is the best, as it has three fathoms depth of water, whereas the other has only two.

PECKS, a small island of the N. Sea, near the coast of New Jersey; between port Great Egg and the island of Sudley.

[PECWALKET, an ancient Indian village, now called Fryburg. Sixty miles from the sea.1 PECLLANSIMIQUIES, a barbarous nation. of Indians, descendants of the Mautas, who used to occupy the country of the coast in the province called, at the present day, Puerto Viejo, in the government of Guayaquil; subjected by the emperor Hayna Capac, thirteenth monarch of Peru. It is at present entirely extinguished.

PECOIQUEN, a river of the island of La Laxa in the kingdom of Chile, which runs w. and enters the Vergara.

PECOMPTUCK, an abundant river of the province and colony of New England in N. America.

PECOS, a settlement of the kingdom of Nuevo Mexico in N. America; situate at the, source of a river which enters the Grande del Norte, between the settlements of Tesuque and Santa Fé,

PECURIES, a settlement of the missions which,, are held by the religious of San Franciso in the kingdom of Nuevo Mexico..

[PEDEE, a river which rises in N. Carolina,

where it is called Yadkin river. In S. Carolina it takes the name of Pedee; and receiving the waters of Lynche's creek, Little Pedee, and Black river, it joins the Wakkamaw river near Georgetown. These united streams, with the accession of a small creek on which Georgetown stands, from Winyaw bay, which, about 12 miles below, communicates with the ocean.] PEDERNALES, a small river of the island St. Domingo, which rises in the sierras of Baruco, runs w. through a long strip of land of the s. coast, and enters the sea between cape Colorado and the bay of Puer.

PEDERNALES, another river, of this name, in the province and government of Florida, which runs s. and enters the sea between the Apalachicola and the point of Perro.

PEDERNALES, a point of land or extremity of the coast, which looks to the e. of the island of Cuba.

PEDERNALES, another, of the s. coast of the same island, close to that of Maisi.

PEDI, an abundant river of S. Carolina, which runs s. e. for many leagues, and enters the sea by different mouths.

PEDI, another, a small river in the same province, which runs s. and unites itself with the Petite to enter the Pedi.

[PEDRA Shoals, in the W. Indies, to the s. of Jamaica, extend from lat. 16° 45′ to 17° 30′ n. and from long. 76° 28′ to 78° 14' w.]

PEDRAL, S. JOSEPH DEL, otherwise called CHAMPAN, a settlement of the government of San Juan Jirón in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, on the shore of the river Grande la Magdalena, 16 leagues below the port of Carare, and eight above the fort of Morales, and 24 from its capital. It is of an hot and sickly temperature, but abounding in cacao, of which the inhabitants, amounting to about 100, reap a great crop.

[PEDRAS Point, on the coast of Brazil, is seven leagues e. s. e. from the strait of St. John's island, and 75 from cape North. Also a point on the same coast 10 leagues w. n. w. of Brandihi bay.]

[PEDRAS, a river on the n. w. side of Punta des Pedras, at the s. extremity of Amazon river. PEDRAZA, a small city of the province and government of Maracaibo in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; founded by Gonzalo Lidueña, in 1591, who gave it the name in honour of his native place in Estremadura. The infidel Indians destroyed it in 1614, and it was afterwards rebuilt by Captain Diego de Luna. It is in the district of the city of Merida; situate amidst

some lofty and craggy mountains, and is fertile in cacao, tobacco, maize, yucas, plantains, &c. Its temperature is hot and very sickly, so that it was abandoned by the curate and the rest of the inhabitants, save by some 30 barbarian and uncivilized Indians.

PEDRAZA, a settlement of the province and government of Santa Marta in the same kingdom, of the district of the Rio del Hacha; situate on the shore of a river which enters the sea in the point of San Agustin.

PEDREGAL, a small reduced settlement of the district of Tocaima, and government of Mariquita in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; situate on the further shore of the river Bogotá, which is passed there en taravita. It is of an hot temperature, but healthy; abounding in sugar canes, maize, yucas, plantains, &c.

PEDREGAL, another, in the province and government of Venezuela, of the same kingdom as the former; situate s. one quarter w. of the city of Coro, between the rivers Seco and Tamayo.

PEDREGAL, another, of the province and corregimiento of Tacunga in the kingdom of Quito; situate e. of that of Alausi.

PEDRERA, a settlement of the missions which are held by the Carmelite fathers of Portugal, in the province and country of Las Amazonas; situate on the shore of the Rio Negro.

PEDRERO, a settlement of the province and country of Las Amazonas in the territory of the Portuguese; situate on the shore of the Negro, as is the former, opposite the mouth of the river Paravillanas.

PEDRITO, a settlement of the province and government of Santa Marta in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; on the shore of the Rio Grande de la Magdalena.

PEDRO, S. a settlement of the head settlement of the district, and alcaldía mayor of Huejutla, in Nueva España; inhabited by 35 families of Indians, who live by sowing maize, French beans, and cultivating many fruit trees. It is annexed to the curacy of its capital, from whence it lies eight leagues to the n. In its district are found 10 cultivated estates, in the which are Indians distributed in the following proportions: in La Candelaria are 67, in La Herradura 24, in Tepozteco 20, in Tecal 12, in Tepanctlicán 20, in Tuzantla 64, in Canchitlán 140, in Zitlán 25, in Los Romeros 43, and in San Felipe 45. In all these they make loaf-sugar, selling to the amount of 1000 cargas (loads) annually, this being their only commerce, owing to the drought and want of pastures.

PEDRO, S. another settlement, of the province and government of Santa Marta in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; situate on the shore of the river Grande de la Magdalena, e. of the town of Tamalameque.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement of the district of Amatepéc, and alcaldía mayor of Zultepec in Nueva España; of a warm and moist temperature. It contains 11 families of Indians, who maintain themselves by breeding the larger cattle, and by sowing maize and some fruits. Five leagues s. of its head settlement.

PEDRO, S. another of the head settlement of Quechula, and alcaldia mayor of Tepeaca in the same kingdom. It contains nine families of Mustees, and 18 of Indians; and is very close to its head settlement.

PEDRO, S. another, of the alcaldía mayor of Huamelula in the same kingdom; situate on the top of a mountain. It is of a mild temperature, and has various streams of sweet water, which fertilize its district. It is inhabited by 25 families of Indians, who trade in cochineal, in rosaries, which they make of a fruit called tepexilote. Three leagues w. of Pochutla.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement of the district of Huehuetlán, and alcaldía mayor of Cuicatlán in the same kingdom; situate between two lofty mountains, with 97 families of Indians, employed in the cultivation and commerce of cochineal and cotton, of which they make woven stuffs. One league from its head settlement.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement of Zanguio, and alcaldía mayor of Zamora in the same kingdom; situate on the skirt of a lofty and woody mountain, of a somewhat hot and moist temperature, and containing 22 families of Indians. Three leagues n. of its head settle

ment.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement of Taximaroa, and alcaldía mayor of Maravatio in the same kingdom, and in the province and bishopric of Mechoacán. It contains 46 families of Indians, and is a little more than three leagues s. of its head settlement.

PEDRO, S. another, which is the head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Villalta in the same kingdom: of a cold temperature, containing 82 families of Indians, and being distant somewhat more than eight leagues s. of its capital.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement of Papalotipac, and alcaldía mayor of Cuicatlán in the same kingdom. It contains 15 families of Indians, occupied in the collecting and prepar

ing of saltpetre, cochineal, and cotton, of which they make various woven stuffs.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement of the alcaldía mayor of La Barca in the kingdom of Nueva Galicia. Three leagues e. of the capital, and in its district, are many opulent cultivated estates, occupying a space of 17 leagues to the e. as far as Tarimoro.

PEDRO, S. another, with the surname of Apostol, of the head settlement of the town of the Marquiseate del Valle, and the alcaldía mayor of Quatro Villas. It has 82 families of Indians, employed in the cultivation and commerce of wheat, cochineal, maize, fruits, woods, coal, and lime. In its vicinity are various ranchos (temporary habitations) for labour, belonging to the different merchants of the city of Oaxaca. Two leagues s. e. of its capital.

PEDRO, S. another, which is the head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Tonala. It is of a cold temperature, contains 83 families of Indians, who cultivate the seeds and fruits of the country, in which consists their commerce, and it is two leagues w. of its capital.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement, and alcaldía mayor of Compostela in the kingdom of Nueva Galicia: on the shore of the river Tepéc, and 10 leagues from its capital.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement and alcaldía mayor of Barca in the same kingdom as the former, close to its capital to the w.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement and alcaldía mayor of Toluca in Nueva España, with 141 families of Indians; at a small distance w. of its capital.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement of Zumpahuacan, and alcaldía mayor of Marinalco in the same kingdom; distant a short league from its capital.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement and alcaldía mayor of Tetela Xonotla in the same kingdom: a league and a half w. of the same head settlement.

PEDRO, S. another, of the head settlement and alcaldía mayor of Tecali in the same kingdom; with 17 Indian families.

PEDRO, S. another, of the alcaldía mayor of Nexapa in the same kingdom; with 51 Indian families.

PEDRO, S. another, of the province and corregimiento of Guanta in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Tiellas.

PEDRO, S. another, of the province and corregimiento, of Lucanas in the same kingdom; annexed to the curacy of Pucquin.