upon it. The pictures and articles painted in this manner, are carried by the Indians to be sold at Quito and the other settlements of the kingdom, where they are in high estimation.

In this province the rivers of Guaitara and Juanambú are passed en taravita, each person paying a silver-real, and the same being the price for every horse-load; and the settlements of the above names take care to be well provided with ropes, and other articles necessary for this purpose. The population consists of 33 settlements, which are as follows :

Yascual,

Ancuya y Abades, Biusaco and Juan

Pupiales,

Potosi,

ambú,

Sapuyes,

Gualmata, Ingenios, Sibunday,

Tambo Pintado,

Huacca,

Tuquerres, Mocondino, Nanegal,

Mayasquer,

Canchalá,
Galea,

Anope or Guaypi,
Esmeraldas.

The capital is the city of the same name, with the dedicatory title of San Juan, and the surname of Villaviciosa; founded by captain Lorenzo de Aldana, in 1539, in an extensive llanura. It is of a severe climate, but healthy, and fertile in vegetable productions, seeds, and sugar canes, of which they make much sugar. It is situate at the skirt of a mountain, at the top of which is a volcano, which, ever since the conquest, had never ceased to vomit fire and ashes until the year 1727, since which time, as no eruption has appeared, it is thought that all the inflammable materials have been consumed.

It has a very good parish church, the convents of the order of San Francisco, Santo Domingo, San Agustin, La Merced, a college which belonged to the Jesuits, a monastery of nuns of La Concepcion, and two hermitages at the entrance and egress of the city.

Its population is composed of 8000 souls, amongst whom are many noble, though poor, families. The natives are very clever and industrious workmen; their wooden manufactures are much esteemed in all parts, and they have a method of varnishing them with something that resembles japan. Eighty five miles nearly s. s. w.

of Popayán, and 115 n. n. e. of Quito, in lat. 1° 14', and long. 77° 6' w.

PASTOCA, a very lofty mountain of the province of Pasto in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, near its capital; on its top is a lake of more than 24 leagues long, and in its waters, which are always very cold, no fish will breed.

PASTORA, LA DIVINA, a settlement of the province and government of La Guayana or Nueva Andalucia; situate on the shore of the river Yaruario.

PASTORIA, a large lake of the province of Tepeguana in Nuevo Vizcaya. It is formed of different streams of very fresh and wholesome water, and on its shores graze an infinite number of lesser cattle.

PASUCHUA, a very lofty mountain or páramo of the kingdom of Quito, continually covered with snow.

PASUDO, ASUNCIONDE, a settlement of the province of Pataz and of the missions of Caxamarquilla, which are held at the charge of the religious observers of San Francisco; on the shore and at the source of the river Guallaga.

PASUNDELE, a settlement of the Indians of the kingdom of Chile, on the shore of the river Comoleuun.

PASUQUE, a settlement of the Nuevo Mexico in N. America; situate on the shore of the river Grande del Norte, between those of Sitay and Tesuque.

PATA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Angaraez in Peru, annexed to the curacy of Yulcamarca. Its natives are much given to carpenters-work, and make with great neatness tables, saddles, and benches, with which they trade with the other provinces.

PATA, a settlement in the province and government of S. Juan de Los Llanos in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada.

PATA, a river, of the same province and kingdom as the former settlement, which enters the Magdalena, opposite the settlement of Neiva Vieja.

[PATAGOA, a river on the coast of Brazil, which enters the ocean s. w. of Rio Janeyro.]

PATAGONES, or TIRUMENOS, a barbarous nation of Indians, who live in the mountains and woods of the lands of Magellan, n. of the strait, and e. of the kingdom of Chile, in the province called Chica. They go entirely naked and wander about, sustaining themselves by the chace. They are of lofty stature, well made and valorous, but treacherous; some have pretended that they were formidable giants, and called their country

de Los Gigantes (of the giants). The father Torrubia, in his Gigantologia, printed in 1756, to prove the existence of the giants, quotes the Patagonians of the lands of Magellan; but whoever scrutinizes the strength of what he advances, will see that according to all appearance and agreeably with the assertion of D. Proxpero del Aguila, he brings forward nothing of greater authenticity than what had already been produced. Mr. Fraser, in his voyage to S. America, assures us of the existence of these giants, not only as he had seen them himself but by an implicit credit of others who had also been eye-witnesses to them; and he thus asserted them to be of nine or 10 feet in height.

The general received opinion is, that they are certainly above the common stature, but not giants; and with all the proofs and reasons produced by the father Torrubia, we cannot but rather give our assent to what is told us by Sir Hans Sloane, in his celebrated work inserted in the Philosophical Transactions, No. 404, and extracted as a supplement to the celebrated Chambers' Dictionary, as also to what has been so judiciously suggested on the subject by Dr. D. Casimiro, first professor of botany in the royal garden, in the translation of the voyage of commandant Byrón. Fernando de Magallanes was the first who knew these Indians, when he arrived at port S. Julian, in 1519.

The country abounds in stags, wolves, bears, tigers and ostriches. The names given by Mr. de la Martiniere to the different tribes of Envo, Kemenetes, Kennecas, and Karaykes, are mere fables and inventions, of which we cannot discover the origin, as are also the provinces in which the said tribes are said to live, and which that author calls Cossi, Karay, Karamay, Morena, Coin, &c. Now, all that we can assert on the subject, is, that we call the coast of the Patagonians all that extent from the mouth of the river La Plata as far as the straits of Magellan, and that the same was reconnoitred, by order of the king, in 1745, by the naval captain D. Joaquin de Olivares, accompanied by the fathers Joseph Carodiel and Joseph Quiroga, of the company of Jesus, and the pilot D. Diego Varela; and that the extent of coast, included under the above title, is between lat. 36° 40′ and 52° 20′ s. and extends from Cape Antonio, to the bay of S. George, to the s. e. From all the above we conclude, that the Patagonians are a very large race of men, and that they are very numerous. PATAGAHATCHE, a river of the province

and colony of S. Carolina, which runs s. and enters the Chichachas.

PATAHUASI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Catabambas in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Llaqua.

PATAMACK. [See PATOWMACK.]

PATAMBA, a settlement of the head settlement of the district, and alcaldía mayor of Periban in Nueva España. It contains 292 families of Indians, and 12 of Spaniards, Mustees, and Mulattoes; also a convent of the monks of S. Francisco. Its commerce consists in making cups, jars, and other vessels of a very celebrated clay found in its district, and much esteemed in the other jurisdictions as giving a great fragrance to the water when drank, and inasmuch as it is also asserted to have beneficial virtues against the flux of blood. A little more than eight leagues e. of its capital.

PATAMBUCO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Carabaya in Peru; annexed to the curacy of its capital.

PATAMÉRAGOUCHE, a settlement of Indians of Nova Scotia, on the e. coast and at the strait of Canseau.

PATANEIMA, a port of the province and government of Caracas in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, to the w. and at a small distance from Port Cabello.

PATAPA, SANTA MARIA DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district, and alcaldía mayor of Tehuantepec in Nueva España. It is of a mild temperature, contains a convent of the order of S. Domingo, and has a scanty population, employed in agriculture. Twelve leagues n. of its capital.

[PATAPSCO, a navigable river of Maryland, which empties from the n. w. into Chesapeak bay; its mouth being formed by North point, and Bodkin point on the s. which last is in lat. 39° 10' n. It rises in York county, Pennsylvani, and pursues a s. and s. e. course till it reaches Elkridge landing, about eight miles s. w. of Baltimore; it there turns e. over falls, and widens into a broad bay-like stream to its mouth. It is about 30 or 40 yards wide just before it communicates with the bason, on which stands the large commercial town of Baltimore. The first discoverer called it Bolus river, from the red earth found near it, resembling bole-ammoniac. It is navigable for vessels drawing 18 feet water to Fell's point at Baltimore; but the falls a little above Elkridge landing, prevents the navigation farther.]

PATAQUENA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Chumbivilcas in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Libitaco.

PATARI, a river of the province and government of Esmeraldas in the kingdom of Quito; which runs from e. to w. and united with the Agua Sucia, forms the Tululvi.

PATASASA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guanta in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Guamanguilla.

PATATE. a district of the province and corregimiento of Ambato in the kingdom of Quito. It extends between two low chains of mountains, and is divided by the river of its name is of an hot temperature, and territory fertile in all kinds of vegetable productions, and particularly in sugar canes. The mountain Tunguraqua, which is situate to the s. renders it somewhat unpleasant, from the continual winds blowing from that quarter; but it is well peopled, and has some pretty and well cultivated gardens.

Its name is taken from that of the principal settlement, situate on the e. shore of the river. Here is manufactured much sugar, the which is greatly esteemed in all the kingdom from the superior quality of the sugar canes. There is one day in the week fixed for a holiday or public fair, at which meet numbers of people from Ambato, Tacunga, Rio Bamba, and Quito. In lat. 1° 21' s.

PATATE, the aforesaid river rises in the province and corregimiento of Tacunga, of the same kingdom. It is formed by other smaller rivers, such as that of San Felipe, which rises in the páramo of Cotopaxi, that of San Miguel, near the settlement of this name, and that of Ambato. It takes, itself, its name from the settlement by which it passes in a large stream, following its course to s. c. until it enters the river Pastaza, in the province and government of Mainas.

[PATAVIRCA. See PATIVILCA.] [PATAZ, a jurisdiction in the diocess of Truxillo in S. America. It is situate among the mountains, and has a variety of products, of which gold is the chief. The capital is the city of the same name, 97 miles e. of Truxillo.] PATAZ. See CAXAMARQUILLA. PATAZ, a settlement of the former province and corregimiento: also thus called as being the capital.

PATAZCACHA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Larecaja in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Guamanguilla.

PATCOOTYEAK, a river of the province

PATI, a river of the province of Bogotá in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It rises from the lake Guatavita, and forming nearly a circle, directs its course through Santa Fé to enter the Magdalena.

PATIA, a settlement of the province and government of Popayán in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada.

PATIA, a large and abundant river of this province, which is the boundary line to the kingdom of Quito. It runs from n. to s. for many leagues, traversing the celebrated valley to which it gives its name, and after collecting in its course the waters of the Mayu, turns w. laves the province of Barbacoas, and enters the Pacific or S. Sea by 11 mouths which form different islands; between lat. 2° 10′n.

PATIA, the aforesaid valley is between the two chains of mountains, or cordilleras, in the province of Popayán, and extend from n. to s. for many leagues. The climate is very hot and unhealthy, and consequently barren. The territory is unpeopled, but produces excellent cotton, of which no use is made.

[PATIENCE, an island in Narraganset bay, Rhode Island, and lies s. e. of Warwick neck, three-fourths of a mile. It is about two miles long and one broad.]

PATINO, a point on the coast of the province and government of Darien, and kingdom of Tierra Firme of the S. Sea, within the gulf of San Miguel.

PATIVA, a small river of the province and captainship of Los Ilheos in Brazil. It rises near the coast, runs e. and enters the sea between the rivers Grande and Juzia.

PATIVILCA, or PATIVIRCA, as others have it, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Santa in Peru; situate in the road which they. call De Valles, and which leads from Paita to Lima: [74 miles n. of that city.] It has 50 or 60 houses, with a proportionate number of inhabitants, but very few Spaniards. In its vicinity, towards the n. are seen the ruins and remains of a palace and fortress of the Incas of Peru, which, from the size of the stones and thickness of the walls, should

appear to have been works of great magnificence. Along the whole road from this settlement to the town of Guarmey, we find ruins of other edifices equally sumptuous; and it is proved that these were the places which the Incas used for their recreation.

PATLA, SANTA MARIA DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Olintla, and alcaldía mayor of Zacatlán in Nueva España; situate in a delightful glen, watered and fertilized by various rivers. Nine leagues from its head settlement.

PATO, a settlement of the province and government Santa Marta in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, and of the district of the Rio del Hacha; situate on the shore of this river, to the n. of its capital.

PATO, a river of the province and government of Popayán in the same kingdom; which rises in the paramo of Guanacas, runs s. e. and enters the Caquetá by the n. part, in lat. 1° 31′ n.

PATO, a small island, situate at the mouth of the gulf of Triste or Los Dragos, near the coast, in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada.

PATO, another, a small river of the province and government of Guayana or Nueva Andalucia, which, according to Mr. Bellin, enters the Meta.

PATOS, LAGUNA GRANDE DE, a large lake in the province and captainship of Rey in Brazil. It is many leagues in length from n. to s., is near the coast, and on its side the Portuguese have established two guards, called, the one Del Norte, the other De la Cabellada.

PATOS, another lake, in the province and captainship of Todos Santos in the same kingdom. It is at the foot of the sierra of Mongavein, between the river Real and that of Paramerin. PATOS, a river in the province and government of Florida, which runs s. and enters the sea to the w. of the river Apalachicola.

PATOS, another, a small river of the province and captainship of Rey in Brazil, which runs e. and enters the sea in the bay of Biraguera.

[PATOWMACK, or POTOMACK, a large and noble river, which rises by two branches, the n. and the s. which originate in and near the Alleghany mountains, and forms, through its whole course, part of the boundary between the states of Virginia and Maryland. Its course is n. e. to Fort Cumberland, thence turning to the e. it receives Conecochague creek from Pennsylvania; then pursuing a s. e. course, it receives the Shehandoah from the s. w. ; after this it runs a s.e. and s. course till it reaches Maryland point;

thence to its mouth it runs s. e. In its course it receives several considerable streams, which are described under their respective heads. The distance from the capes of Virginia to the termination of the tide water in this river, is above 300 miles including the windings; and navigable for ships of the greatest burden nearly that distance. From thence this river, obstructed by four considerable falls, extends through a vast tract of inhabited country towards its source. Early in the year 1785, the legislatures of Virginia and Maryland passed acts to encourage opening the navigation of this river. It was estimated that the expence of the works would amount to £50,000 sterling, and 10 years were allowed for their completion. This noble river passes by many flourishing towns; the chief of which are, Shepherdstown, Georgestown, Washington city, Alexandria, New Marlborough, and Charlestown or port Tobacco. It is 7 miles wide at its mouth, 44 at Nomony bay, three at Aquia, 14 at Hallowing point, and 14 at Alexandria. Its soundings are seven fathoms at the mouth, five at St. George's island, 44 at Lower Matchodic, three at Swan's point and thence up to Alexandria. The tides in the river are not very strong, excepting after great rains, when the ebb is pretty strong; then there is little or no flood, and there is never more than four or five hours flood, except with long and strong s. winds. In order to form just conceptions of this inland navigation, it would be requisite to notice the long rivers which empty into the Patowmack, and survey the geographical position of the w. waters. The distance of the waters of the Ohio to Patowmack will be from 15 to 40 miles, according to the trouble which will be taken to approach the two navigations. The upper part of this river, until it passes the Blue ridge, is called, in Fry and Jefferson's map, Cohongoronto.]

[PATRICK, St. a small town, the chief of Camden county, Georgia; situate on Great Satilla river, about 32 miles from its mouth, and the same distance n. w. of the town of St. Mary's.]

[PATTERSON, a town in Bergen county, New Jersey, called so in honour of the governor of the state of that name, and now one of the judges of the supreme federal court. It was established in consequence of an act of the legislature of New Jersey, in 1791, incorporating a manufacturing company with peculiar privileges. Its situation on the great falls of Passaic river, is healthy and agreeable. It now con

tains about 50 dwelling-houses, independent of those appropriated for the machinery; and it is certainly one of the most convenient situations for a manufacturing town of any on the continent. This company was incorporated to encourage all kinds of manufactures, and the sum of 500,000 dollars was soon subscribed; but for want of experience, and a proper knowledge of the business, much was expended to little purpose; and they were at last reduced to the necessity of having recourse to a lottery to assist them in carrying their plan into execution. It is said that matters are now conducted more judiciously, and that the undertaking promises to be useful to the public, and beneficial to the proprietors. It is 19 miles n. e. of Morristown, and 10 n. of Newark.]

[PATUCKET, a small village about four miles n. e. of Providence, a busy place of considerable trade, and where manufactures of several kinds are carried on with spirit. Through this village runs Patucket, or Pawtucket river, which empties into Seehonk river at this place. The river Patucket, called more n. Blackstone's river, has a beautiful fall of water, directly over which a bridge has been built, on the line which divides the commonwealth of Massachusetts from the state of Rhode Island; distant about 37 miles s. by w. of Boston. The confluent stream empties into Providence river about a mile below Weybossett, or the Great bridge. The fall, in its whole length, is upwards of 50 feet; and the water passes through several chasms in a rock, which, extending diametrically across the bed of the stream, serves as a dam to the water. Several mills have been erected upon these falls; and the spouts and channels which have been constructed to conduct the streams of their respective wheels, and the bridge, have taken very much from the beauty and grandeur of the scene; which would otherwise have been indescribably charming and romantic.]

PATUGOA, a river of the province and captainship of San Vincente in Brazil; runs s. and enters the sea opposite the Isla Grande.

PATURE, a point on the w. coast of the island S. Domingo, and in the part possessed by the French, between the Cayo Icarnier and the Trou Forban.

PATUTE, a settlement of Indians of the Tuneba nation, a reduccion of missions which were held by the Jesuits in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; situate near the river Cazanare. The natives are weak, idle, and are subject to a disorder similar to St. Anthony's fire, which they

call carate, and paint their skin of various colours. They maintain themselves by collecting and selling the resins of certain trees of two kinds, called, the one caraña, and the other otoba: they both have a fetid smell, but are good for curing the itch, worms which are apt to breed in the feet, and crab-lice. After the abolition of the order of the Jesuits, these missions fell under the charge of the religious order of S. Domingo.

PATUXED, a large, handsome, and convenient bay, of the province and colony of New England.

PATUXENT, or PATUXET, a river of the province and colony of Maryland in N. America. [This river, which is navigable, rises about 10 miles n. e. of Washington, empties into the w. side of Chesapeak bay, between Drum and Hog island points, 15 or 20 miles n. of the mouth of the Patowmac. It admits vessels of 250 tons to Nottingham, nearly 35 miles from its mouth, and of boats to Queen Anne, eight miles higher. Patuxent is as remarkable a river as any in the bay, having very high land on its n. side, with red banks or cliffs. When you double Drum point, you come too in 24 and 3 fathoms water, where you will be secure from all winds.]

PAUCANNA, a river of the province and government of San Juan de los Llanos in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It rises s. of the Sinaruco, and, forming a curve in its course to the e. enters the Orunuco, collecting in its midcareer the waters of the Sinaruco.

PAUCAR, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Tarma in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Caina.

PAUCARA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Angaraez in the same kingdom as the former. Seven leagues from Guancavelica and 22 from Guamanga.

PAUCARA, another settlement, in the province and corregimiento of Lucanas in the same kingdom; annexed to the curacy of Paico.

PAUCARBAMBA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guanta in the same kingdom.

PAUCARBAMBILLA, a settlement of the same province and kingdom as the former; annexed to the curacy of Mayóc.

PAUCARCOLLA, a province and corregimiento of Peru; bounded n. e. by the lake of Titicaca, and being surrounded on the e. by the lake and the province of Chuicuito, n. by that of Lampa, w. by the province Moquehua, and

by the provinces of Arica and Pacajes. It is