to extract this is a work of great cost and infinite trouble. The regular population amounts to 200 families of Spaniards, Mustees, and Mulattoes, and 120 of Indians, including those of some wards of its vicinity. It has a very good parish church. [This was constructed and endowed towards the middle of the 18th century by Joseph de Laborde, a Frenchman, who gained immense wealth in a short time by the Mexican mines. The building of this church alone cost this individual more than two millions of francs, or £.83,340 sterling. Towards the end of his career, being reduced to great poverty, he obtained from the archbishop of Mexico permission to sell for his benefit, to the metropolitan church of the capital, the magnificent custodia set with diamonds, which, in better times, he had offered through devotion to the tabernacle of the parish church of Tasco. The elevation of this city is 783 metres, or 2567 feet. It is 60 miles s. by w. of Mexico, on the n. shore of the river Zacatula; in lat. 18° 33′ n. and long. 99° 31' w.]

TASCO, another settlement, in the same alcaldía mayor, and of which it was formerly the capital. It is now a head settlement of the district, and contains 30 families of Indians, and is annexed to the curacy of the capital of this jurisdiction, being distant from the same three leagues to s. s. e.

TASCO, another, of the province and corregimiento of Tunja in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It is of a cold temperature, and produces wheat, maize, barley, beans, and papas. The climate is healthy, and the situation agreeable. It contains 100 housekeepers and 80 Indians, and is 12 leagues n. e. of its capital.

TAŠIZA, a small river of the province and colony of S. Carolina; which runs s. e. and enters the Neus.

TASUAYA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Larecaxa in Peru, annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Sorata, its capital.

TATABE, an uncultivated and unknown province to the s. of Darien, in the kingdom of Tierra Firme; extending from s. to n. as far as the port of Piñas, for more than 84 leagues. In its woods and mountains dwell many ferocious Indians, called the Quaquas, and many other fugitives of the provinces of Chocó and Raposo. It has many gold-mines, which have often induced the Spaniards to settle here; although their attempts have been rendered invalid through the barbarity and ferocity of the natives. It is of an extremely hot, though variable tem

VOL. IV.

perature: on the e. it is washed by the river Atrato, by which the Indians have a trade with the English of Caledonia, receiving in exchange for gold cacao and campeche wood, knives, muskets, powder, and other articles.

TATACA, a settlement of Indians of the missions which were held by the Jesuits in the province of Tepeguana and kingdom of Nueva Vizcaya; on the shore of the river Horida, near the settlement and real of the mines of Parral. TATAMAGOUCHE, a settlement of Indians of Nova Scotia or Acadia; on the e. coast and in the Strait of Canseau.

TATASI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Chichas and Tarija in Peru; of the district of the former.

TATIPERA. See MEARI.

TATIQUE, a settlement of the province and alcaldía mayor of Vera Paz in the kingdom of Guatemala.

[TATMAGOUCHE, or TATAMAGOUCHE, a place in Nova Scotia, on a short bay which sets up s. from the Straits of Northumberland; about 25 miles from Onslow, and 21 from the island of St. John's. See SOUTHAMPTON. It has a very good road for vessels, and is known also under the name Tatamaganabou.]

[TATNAM Cape, the e. point of Haye's River, in Hudson's Bay. Lat. 57° 35′ n. long. 90° 30'w.]

[TATOO-E-TEE, an island in the S. Pacific Ocean, one of the Ingraham Isles, called by. Captain Ingraham, Franklin, and by Captain Roberts, Blake. It lies seven or eight leagues w. by n. of Nooheeva.]

TAVANDA, a river of the province and corregimiento of Ibarra in the kingdom of Quito. It rises in the páramo of Cayamburu, runs s. s. w. passes through the town of Ibarra, the capital, and then, following its course to e. enters the Mira.

TAUCA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Conchucos in Peru.

TAUCA, a small river of the province and government of Guayana in Nueva Andalucia. It enters the Caura near its mouth.

TAUCAS, a barbarous nation of Indians of Peru, who dwell e. of the Chiquitos, some tribes of whom extend as far as the shores of the Paraguay. It is very numerous, and was discovered in 1692 by the Jesuits, the missionaries of the Chiquitos.

TAVELA, a small river of the province and alcaldía mayor of Culiacán in Nueva España. It runs into the sea at the entrance of the Gulf of

3 U

California, between the rivers of Culiacán, and Elota.

TAULASSE, OLD, a settlement of Indians of the province and colony of S. Carolina, on the shore of the river Albany, or Albama.

TAULCON, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldía mayor of Tuchipila in Nueva España. It contains a convent of the religious of San Francisco, and is nine leagues w. s. w. of its capital.

TAULI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Cachapoyas in Peru; annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Olteros.

TAUMACO, an island of the country of Espíritu Santo in the s. part of America; thus called as having been discovered by Fernando de Quirós in 1606, near 1250 leagues from Mexico. Here the commander entered into a treaty with the lord of the island; who was corpulent, of a pale colour, with black eyes, the nose somewhat flat, the beard and hair white, and countenance serious. Here Quirós took in water, and asked the chief if there were any other islands near to them; upon which upwards of 60 were named by the chief, who also spoke of a great country called Manicola. These islands are situate from the s. a quarter to s. w. to n. e. The chief also indicated by signs, that it was a ten week's voyage to the said country; that there were there people of all colours, friends and enemies; and that some were Caribes, which he gave to be understood by seizing the flesh of his arm between his teeth.

The other informations obtained by Quirós in the bay accorded with these; but he was, in addition, told, that he would meet with cows, buffaloes, birds, and a great quantity of pearls. On his departure he took with him four of these Indians, three of whom were drowned in swimming back to the shore, and the third arrived at Mexico, where, having learned Spanish, he completely verified all that Quirós had learned. This Indian was a native of the island Chichayano, which is larger than that of Taumaco, being 300 miles distant from the same. He said that his country was very level, and more abounding in fruits; that the natives wore their hair much longer, and that some of them had it red, and were very fair; whilst others were of a Mulatto colour, and some with curly hair like a Negro; that they used to find various sorts of pearl oysters, especially where the water was shallow, and that there were many other islands which he named, such as Guatopo, 150 miles from Taumaco; Tucopia, 100, where was the country of

Manicola; and that in Taumaco there was a pilot, who had been in many others.

He also mentioned an island called Pauro, from whence were brought many curiosities, and amongst the rest arrows with coloured points. Quirós took notice, in the days of Philip and James, of many black stones of great weight; some of which he carried to Mexico, and which proved to be silver. Again, the Indian, Pedro, asserted, that in Taumaco there was abundance of these stones, and spoke much of the great population of all the above islands, as well as of other countries to the s. e. and w. Indeed, all that he said coincided with the conjectures of the most intelligent persons, and with the experience of several latter discoverers; although there are not wanting some to doubt of the truth of these relations; as, for instance, the Ex-jesuit Coleti, who, however, does not give any proof against what has been written by, and appears in the diary of Fernando de Quirós.

[TAUNTON, a river which empties into Narraganset Bay, at Tiverton, opposite the n. end of Rhode Island: it is formed by several streams which rise in Plymouth County, Massachusetts. Its course is about 50 miles from n. e. to s. w. and it is navigable for small vessels to Taunton.]

[TAUNTON, a post-town of Massachusetts, and the capital of Bristol County; situate on the w. side of Taunton River, and contains 40 or 50 houses, compactly built, a church, court-house, gaol, and an academy, which was incorporated in 1792. It is 30 miles s. of Boston, 17 e. of Providence, and 17 n. of Bedford. The township of Taunton was taken from Raynham, and incorporated in 1639, and contains 3804 inhabitants. A slitting-mill was erected here in 1776, and for a considerable time the only one in Massachusetts, and was then the best ever built in America. The annual production of three mills now in this township is not less than 800 tons of iron; about 50 tons are cut, and 300 hammered into nails, and the remainder is wrought into spades and shovels; of which last article 200 dozen are rolled annually. Mr. Samuel Leonard rolled the first shovel ever done in America. This invention reduces the price one-half. Wire-drawing, and rolling sheet-iron for the tin-manufac ture, are executed here. There is also a manufactory of a species of ochre, found here, into a pigment of dark yellow colour.]

TAUNTON Bay, in the district of Maine, is six miles from Frenchman's Bay.]

TAUPA, a settlement of the province and

corregimiento of Chachapoyas in Peru; annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Chiliquin. TAVOSI, a settlement of Indians of the province and colony of S. Carolina; on the shore of the river Abama.

TAUREAUX, Bay of, on the e. coast of Newfoundland, within the great bay of Plaisance. TAURICAMPA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Yauyos in Peru.

TAURICATO, SANTA ANA DE, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Cinagua in Nueva España. It contains 45 families of Indians, applied to the cultivation of grain and the breeding of large cattle. Eighteen leagues from the capital.

TAURISMA, an ancient province of Peru, to the w. of Cuzco; now united with the modern provinces. It was conquered by Maita-Capac, fourth emperor of the Incas.

TAURISMA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Yauyos in the same kingdom. TĂUS, a barbarous nation of Indians of Peru; n. w. of the country of the Chiquitos. It was from this, and from the nation of the Tabicas, that the Jesuits formed the great settlement called San Rafael; the which was transferred, in 1701, to the shore of the river Guabis: in lat. 17° 45' s.

TAUSA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Bogotá in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It is of a cold temperature, produces the fruits peculiar to the same, has some small salines, but from which it derives little emolument. Its population consists of 50 Indians and some Spaniards. Twelve leagues n. w. of Santa Fé.

TAUTARANCHE, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guarochiri in Peru; annexed to the curacy of the settlement of San Lorenzo de Quinti.

[TAVERNIER Key, a small isle, one of the Tortugas, two miles from the s. w. end of Key Largo, and five n. e. of Old Matacombe. To the n. of this last island is a very good road.]

[TAWAKENOES, or THREE CRANES, Indians of N. America, called by both names indifferently: they live on the w. side of the Braces, but are often, for some months at a time, lower down than their usual place of residence, in the great prairie at the Tortuga, or Turtle, so called from its being a hill in the prairie, which, at a distance, appears in the form of a turtle, upon which there are some remarkable springs of water. Their usual residence is about 200 miles to

the w. of Nacogdoches, towards Santa Fé. They are estimated at 200 men; are good hunters; have guns, but hunt principally with the bow: are supplied with goods from Nacogdoches, and pay for them in rugs, tongues, tallow, and skins, They speak the same language as the Panis, or Towiaches, and pretend to have descended from the same ancestors.]

[TAWANDEE Creek, in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, runs n. e. into the e. branch of Susquehannah, 12 miles s. e. of Tioga Point.]

[TAWAS, an Indian tribe in the N. W. Territory, 18 miles up the Miami of the Lake. Another tribe of this name inhabit higher up the same river, at a place called the Rapids.]

[TAWIXTWI, THE ENGLISH, or PIQUETown, in the N. W. Territory, is situate on the n. w. bank of the Great Miami, 35 miles below the five-mile portage, to the Miami of the Lake, and 68 s. w. by s. of Miami Fort. It was taken in 1752 by the French.]

TAXA, a small port of the island of Cuba, on the n. n. e. coast, between the port of Taragua and the town of Baracoa.

TAXIMAROA, a principal and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Maravatio, in the province and bishopric of Mechoacán. acán. Its population is composed of 460 families of Spaniards, 110 of Mustees and Mulattoes, and 66 of Indians. It has a convent of the religious of San Francisco, and in the w. part a large, fertile, and pleasant valley, in which are grown large crops of wheat, maize, and Frenchbeans: also in the surrounding mountains are mines of sulphur, used for the manufacture of gunpowder. Five leagues s. of its capital.

TAXMA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Cicasica in Peru; annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Chulumani.

TAY, a small river of the province and colony of Virginia, in Albemarle County; which runs s. and enters the river James.

TAYA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Collahuas in Peru.

TAYABAMBA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxamarquilla in Peru, annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Challas.

TAYACAXA, an island of the province and corregimiento of Huanta in Peru; formed by an inflection of the river Angoyaco, which runs through this province and divides it from that of Angaraes.

TAYACOOK, a settlement of Indians of the

province of New York, in the United States of America; near the river Hudson and the fall of Cohoez.

TAYEQUA, a settlement of the province and government of Darien and kingdom of Tierra Firme; near the s. coast, in the Gulf of San Miguel.

TAYRONAS, a barbarous nation of Indians of the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, in the province and government of Santa Marta. It is one of the most numerous nations, and acknowledged to be superior, by all the others, as well for its valour, as because it was the only nation which had a metal foundry, there being a great quantity of gold in the valley of its name: and it was on this account that its conquest was undertaken by captain Pedro de Ursua in 1552; but who, in spite of all his endeavours, was forced to return to Santa Marta with his army, worn out with fatigue from the valorous resistance it had made when attacked by the Taironas, in the most dangerous of all the passes of Origuo (this name having been corrupted into Rodrigo), and where, with only 12 Spaniards, the bold Úrsua made front against 1000 enemies, although he at last, with his brave comrades, died of hunger. This valorous nation, which has never bowed its neck to the Spanish yoke, has now been for several years extinct, or has been mixed and incorporated with other nations, according to the opinion of the Ex-jesuit, Don Antonio Julian, in his History of Santa Marta, in contradistinction to the opinion of the Señor Piedrahita, who will have it they are totally destroyed. It is equally a doubt what extent of territory was held by the Taironas, though, with respect to the valley which induced the Spaniards to undertake the conquest of the country, the aforesaid Señor Piedrahita asserts, that it is upon the shore of the river Don Diego. The capital was the town of Posigueica. TCHAOVATCHAS, a settlement of the proprovince and government of Luisiana; on the shore of the river Mississippi.

[TEACHES, a small island close to the e. shore of Northampton County, Virginia, and n. by e. of Parramore Island.]

TEALCO, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Tepexpam and alcaldía mayor of Theotihuacán in Nueva España.

TEBECO. See TEGUECO.

TEBIARE, a river of the province and government of San Juan de los Llanos in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It runs to s. w. of

the Meta, into which it enters after having laved the country of the Masivaribenis Indians.

TEBIQUARI, a river of the province and captainship of San Pablo in Brazil; distinct from another of the same name in Paraguay. It rises in the mountains not far from the coast, runs w. and turning s. enters the grand river San Pedro. TEBIQUARI, the river of which we have spoken, in the province of Paraguay, runs s. e. for many leagues, and turning to w. enters the Paraná, opposite the llanos of Manso in the province of Chacó.

TEBIQUARI-MINI, a river of the same province and government as the former; which runs s. w. and enters the Paraná.

TEBOROPI, a river of the same province and government as the former, which enters the Yacayobi.

TECALI, a province and alcaldía mayor of Nueva España in N. America. It is of a moderate jurisdiction, but luxuriant and abounding in vegetable productions, which are particularly esteemed in the other jurisdictions. It produces wheat, maize, French beans, barley, large vetches, and other seeds. The natives breed neat cattle and goats, are laborious, and fabricate mantles of cotton and other woven stuffs, by which consists their commerce. They also make mats of reeds of palm, and small baskets, providing with the same nearly the whole of the kingdom; since, although they be made in other parts, these have always the preference. Here is also a marble quarry, in which are found many veins of a green and white colour, of which several curiosities are made; viz. altars, and skylights as clear as though they were of glass.

This jurisdiction is divided into two divisions, to the which 16 settlements are subject, five in the n. and two in the s. part, and in these are counted 1346 families; and in the midst of these settlements is the capital. They are named as follows:

Santa Maria Toxte

Sta. Maria Aguatepec,
S. Miguel,
Toxtepec,
S. Martin,

S. Lorenzo,
S. Bartolomé,
Santa Clara.

TECALI, the capital, is of the same name, with the dedicatory of Santiago. It contains 170 families of Indians, and 40 of Spaniards, Mustees, and Mulattoes. In its church is venerated an image of Jesus of Nazareth, to which the pa

rishioners pay particular devotion, from the singular advantages they have received through it. Seventeen miles from the city of La Puebla de los Angeles, towards the s. e. part.

TECALTITLAN, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldía mayor of Zultepec in Nueva España. It is of a cold temperature, and contains 175 families of Indians, who trade in and live by cutting planks and making torches, and by sowing some seeds. Three leagues e. of its capital.

TECALTITLAN, another settlement, with the dedicatory title of La Asuncion, in the head settlement of Chacaltongo, and alcaldía mayor of Tepozcolula in that kingdom. It contains 66 families of Indians, employed in the cultivation of wheat and maize in the farms of its district.

TECAMA, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Ecatepec in Nueva España. It contains 70 families of Indians and a convent of San Francisco. Three leagues n. of its capital.

TECAMACHALCO, a head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Tepeaca in Nueva España; on the skirt of a mountain so abounding in water that there are streams running through the streets of the settlement, the houses being thus regularly supplied, and the gardens and orchards attached being rendered fertile in flowers, fruits, pot-herbs, and the like useful articles. Its population consists of 122 families of Spaniards, 17 of Mustees and Mulattoes, and 245 of Indians. At the foot of a mountain, here, is a convent of San Francisco, a strong, old building, and which was one of the first founded by that order in this kingdom. Four leagues e. n. e. of its capital.

TECAVIC, S. AGUSTIN DE, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Octupam in Nueva España. TECAXIC, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Huipuxtla, and alcaldía mayor of Tepetango in Nueva España. It contains 72 families of Indians.

TECAXIC, another, a head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Toluca in the same kingdom. It contains 64 families of Indians, and is situate at a small distance w. of its capital.

TECAXTEPEC, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Coyuca in the government of Acapulco in the kingdom of Nueva España. It contains 126 families of Indians, and is eight leagues e. of its capital.

TECHALUTLA, a settlement of the head settlement of Amaqueca, and alcaldía mayor of Zayula in Nueva España. It is of a mild tem

perature, contains 70 families of Indians, who occupy themselves in the cultivation and commerce of seeds and fruits, and cutting of wood, and has in it a convent of the religious of San Francisco. Five leagues n. of its capital.

TECHO, or TEXO, a large and rich city of the Nuevo Reyno de Granada in the time of the gentilism of the Indians; to the s. of the city of Bogotá. It was taken and sacked by Gonzalo Ximinez de Quesada, in 1537, after which nothing remained of it but its name.

TECIA, a settlement of the missions which were held by the Jesuits in the province and government of Cinaloa.

TECLA, S. a town of the province and government of Buenos Ayres; situate at the source of the river Piray-mini.

[TECLA, S. a fort of the province and government of Buenos Ayres; situate on the sierra De St. Ignacio, which constitues the boundary between Buenos Ayres and Brazil. Lat. 31° 16′ 8" s. Long. 54° 14′ 24′′ w.]

TECOANTEPEC. [See TEHUANTEPEC.] TECOCUILCO, an alcaldía mayor and jurisdiction of Nueva España, in the province and bishopric of Oaxaca. It is united to the alcaldía of Teozacualco, notwithstanding there are found lying between, both those of Peñoles, Cinatlan, and part of that of Oaxaca. It has no other production or trade, save in that of cochineal; for, although the soil is fertile, and capable of yielding whatever is sown, the natives despise agriculture, studying the cultivation of nopalares, as being more advantageous, and, consequently, sowing no more maize than what is required for their own consumption.

TECOCUILCO, the capital, which is of the same name, is of a mild and somewhat moist temperature. Its population consists of 320 families of Zapotecos Indians, and 20 of Mustees and Mulattoes, the latter of whom are employed in the ranchos of the district, and the former in the cultivation of cochineal. [Two hundred and twenty-three miles s. e. of Mexico, in lat. 17° 24' n. long. 96° 13′ 30′′ w.]

The other settlements of the jurisdiction are reduced to,

San Juan de Acatepec, San Pedro YoloxinisComaltepec,

San Juan Analco,

quila, Santiago Zucuyapa, Macuiltianguisco.

TECOLOTEPEC, SANTIAGO DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Tepalcaltepec, and alcaldia mayor of Nexapa in Nueva España, Nueva España. It contains 51 families of In