e. side are on an elevated situation, and command a delightful and extensive prospect of the whole settlement. The inhabitants, about 500 in number, can muster 100 warriors.]

SINIYU, SAN PEDRO DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Pinotepa and alcaldía mayor of Xicayán in Nueva España. It contains 30 families of Indians, who exercise themselves in the cultivation and commerce of tobacco, and is eight leagues s. e. of its head settlement.

[SINKING SPRING Valley. See BALD EAGLE Valley.]

SINN, a mountain and volcano of the kingdom of Chile in the district of Agualay; 37 leagues distant from the lake of Aguas Calientes to the s. and 116 to the e. of Chiloe. In lat. 46° 15 s.

[SINO. See SINU.]

SINOS, a small river of the province and captainship of Rey in Brazil. It runs w. and enters the river Grande, between the rivers Cahi and Garabatay.

SINSALADA, a settlement of the jurisdiction of the town of St. Gil in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; very close to that town and to the w. of it.

SINSE, a settlement of the province and government of Cartagena, in the same kingdom as the former founded by the re-union made in 1776 by the governor Don Francisco Pimienta. It lies in the Great Sabána, near the river, to the e. of the settlement of Santo Tomas Cantuariense.

SINSICAPA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guamachuco in Peru.

SINSICATE, a settlement of the province and government of Tucumán, in the same kingdom as the former; of the district and jurisdiction of the city of Córdoba, on the shore of the river Primero.

SINSILEJO, a settlement of the province and government of Cartagena, in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; founded in the Sabanas, by the re-union of other settlements made by the governor Don Francisco Pimiento in 1776.

SINU, a settlement of the same province and kingdom as the former, with a port, large, convenient, and fit to contain many vessels. In its district are some abundant salines, by which it carries on a good trade. It stands on the shore of the river of its name; 25 leagues from Carta gena, and was conquered by Pedro de Heredia in 1534, who found in it much gold.

SINU, the above river, runs n. in the province

of Tolu, and enters the sea opposite the island of San Bernardo. The territory which it laves is fertile and abundant in fruits and pulse, with which it provides the capital. [Its mouth is in lat. 9° 29'n.]

SION, JESUS DE, a settlement of the missions held by the religious of San Francisco, of the province and corregimiento of Caxamarquilla in Peru, on the shore of the river Guallaga. It is composed of Indians of various nations reduced to the faith.

[SIOUS, or SIOUX, a powerful nation of Indians, consisting of three different tribes, which can furnish 9500 warriors; the Sious, who inhabit the head waters of the Mississippi and Missouri, 3000 warriors; the Sious of the meadows, 2500; and the Sious of the woods, 4000. The two last inhabit on the head and w. waters of the Mississippi, and the islands of Lake Superior. For a farther account of them, see Vol. iii. p. 274. of this work.]

SIOUX, a small river of the province and government of Louisiana.

SIOUX, a lake of Canada, called also Issatis.

SIPAPU, a river of the province and government of Guayana or Nueva Andalucia. It rises near the settlement of San Josef de Mapoyes, runs s. and enters, much swelled, into the Ŏrinoco, opposite the mouth, by which it is joined by the large river Vichada.

SIPARAPU, a small river of the same province and corregimiento as the former, which rises in the serranias of Parime, runs e. and enters the Parime just at its source.

SIPATUBA, a small river of the province and captainship of Marañan in Brazil, which runs n. n. e. and enters the sea opposite the island of its name.

This river rises near the coast, of the same province, between the river Pará and Bay of Casapoeira.

SIPAYA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Cochabamba in Peru; annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Capinota.

SIPEE, a small river of Canada, in the country and territory of the Iroquees Indians. It runs e. and enters the Niagara.

SIPIAJO, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Trindaro, and alcaldía mayor of Valladolid, in the province and bishopric of Mechoacán, at the foot of a lofty sierra. It contains 64 families of Indians, and is a quarter of a league s. of its head settlement.

SIPIRI, or ESECURE, a river of the province and government of Moxos in the kingdom of

Quito; formed by two streams to the n. of the lake, from which rises the river Esenerú, runs n. and enters the Marmoré Grande, opposite the settlement or town of La Trinidad.

SIPISA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Arica in Peru; annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Camiña.

SIPO, a river of the province and government of Guayana, which rises from a lake, and enters another lake called Pilala.

SIPOMO, a river of the same province as the above; formed from two streams which run n. and, then being very considerable, enters the Caura, opposite the settlement of Tauca. SIPORO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Porco in Peru.

course.

[SIPSEY'S, a branch of Tombeckbee River, in Georgia, which runs a s. w. by s. Its mouth is in about lat. 31° 55′ n. and 40 miles n. by w. of the apper mouth of Alabama River.]

SIQUIMA, a settlement of the province and government of Mariquita, and of the jurisdiction of Tocaima in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Anolaima. It is of an hot temperature, and fertile in sugar-canes, maize, yucas, and plantains: nearly eight leagues from Santa Fé.

SIQUISAY, SANTISSIMA TRINIDAD DE, a small settlement of Indians of the province and government of Venezuela in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Santa Ana, in the district of the city of Truxillo; from whence it is 15 miles distant to the n.; also 65 from Carora, with an inclination to the w. It contains 188 souls.

SIQUISIQUE, SAN JOSEPH DE, a settlement of the same province and kingdom as the former, of the district of the curacy of the city of Carora. It was founded as a doctrinal establishment for Indians at the end of the 16th century; but those who inhabit it at the present day are tributary. It also contains some Spaniards and people of colour. Its territory extends 12 leagues from e. to w. and 16 from n. to s. It is bounded by this rhumb and by the e. with the jurisdiction of the settlement of Ayamanes, being eight leagues from the same; w. by the settlement of Santiago del Rio de Tucuyo, at 18 leagues distance; and n. by that of Pedregal, of the vicarage of Coro, 37 leagues distance. Its principal productions are the breeds of small cattle, in which its inhabitants, amounting to 2065 souls, and chiefly living in the country estates, are occupied.

[SIR, CHARLES SAUNDERS'S Island, in

the S. Pacific Ocean, discovered by Captain Carteret, is about two leagues in length from e. to w. Lat. 17° 28' s. long. 151° 4' w. v.] SIRCA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Aimaraes in Peru.

SIRENA, a settlement and asiento of silvermines of the alcaldía mayor of Guanajuato in the province and bishopric of Mechoacán.

SIRICAGUI, a great sierra of much elevation and extent in the province of Sonora in N. America.

SIRIMENA, a settlement of the missions which were held by the Jesuits in the province of San Juan de los Llanos and Nuevo Reyno de Granada; on the shore of the river Meta; and now under the charge of the religious barefooted Franciscans.

SIRUGIPA, a river of the province and captainship of Seregipe in Brazil; which rises near the coast, runs s. s. e. and unites itself with the Cirii to enter the sea.

[SISAL, on the n. coast of Yucatan, in the Gulf of Mexico, is four leagues w. of Linchanchee, and eight e. of Cape Condecedo. It is the highest look-out on the whole coast.]

SISAMBE, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Riobamba in the kingdom of Quito; very fertile and pleasant, and having in its district the great estate called De Chusay.

SISAPONGO, a páramo or very lofty snowclad mountain of the cordillera of the kingdom of Quito.

SISIDIN, a small river of the province and government of Guayana, or Nueva Andalucia; which enters the Orinoco.

SISOHUICHI, a settlement of the missions which were held by the Jesuits in the province of Taraumara and kingdom of Nueva Vizcaya. Thirty-seven leagues s. w. of the town and real of mines of Chiguagua. In its vicinity are some large estates called Teubachi, Cogunapuchi, and. Lechuguilla.

[SISSATONE, Indians of N. America, who claim the country in which they rove, embracing the upper portions of the Red River, of lake Winnipie, and St. Peter's: it is a level country, intersected with many small lakes; the land is fertile and free of stone; the major part of it. open plains. This country abounds more in the valuable fur animals, the beaver, otter, and martin, than any portion of Louisiana yet known. This circumstance furnishes the Sissatones with the means of purchasing more merchandise, in proportion to their number, than any nation in this. quarter. A great proportion of this merchandise

is reserved by them for their trade with the Tetons, whom they annually meet at some point previously agreed on, upon the waters of James River, in the month of May. This Indian fair is frequently attended by the Yanktons of the North and Ahuah. The Sissatones and Yank'tons of the North here supply the others with considerable quantities of arms, ammunition, axes, knives, kettles, cloth, and a variety of other articles; and receive in return principally horses, which the others have stolen or purchased from the nations on the Missouri and w. of it. They are devoted to the interests of their traders.] [SISSIBOU, in Nova Scotia, lies on the e. side of St. Mary's Bay, 28 miles s. e. of Annapolis.]

SISTER'S Ferry, a village in S. Carolina, 25 miles from Coosawatchie, not far from PortRoyal.]

ŠITAS, a settlement of Nuevo Mexico in N. America; near the river Grande del Norde.

SITAWINGO, a settlement of Indians of the province of Pennsylvania, one of the United States; on the shore of the river Ohio.

SITIO, S. FRANCISCO DEL, a town of the province and captainship of Todos Santos in Brazil.

SITIPITI, a river of the province and corregimiento of Patáz in Peru, of the district and territory of the missions of Caxamarquilla. It runs n. and, after many leagues, joins the Maxamerique to enter the Pangon.

SITIPO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxamarquilla in Peru.

SITUATE. See SCITUATE.

SITUJAS, a barbarous nation of Indians of the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; to the n. of the river Apure: these savages are of a quiet and peaceable nature, and were converted and reduced to a settlement in 1689. They subsist by fishing and the chase.

SIVARIMA, a shoal of rock, of the N. Sea, near the coast of the island of Cuba and the Bay of Matanzas; on which was wrecked the admiral's ship of the galleons in 1698.

[SIX MEN'S Bay, on the w. side of the island of Barbadoes, towards the n. end. It lies between Sunderland Fort to the s. and Six Men's Fort to the n.]

[SIX NATIONS, a confederacy of Indian nations so called by the British and Americans. The French call them Iroquois. Formerly they were called the Five Nations, five only being joined in that alliance; but they now consist of six nations, and call themselves Aganuschioni,

that is, the United People. Some call them Mingos; others Maquais.

These six nations are the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Senecas, Cayugas, and Tuscaroras. The latter joined the confederacy about 100 years ago. In the late war with Great Britain they were allies of that power, and in 1779 they were entirely defeated by the troops of Congress, and their towns all destroyed. They now live on grounds called the State Reservations, which are intermediate spaces settled on all sides by white people. In their present cramped situation, they cannot keep together a great while; they will probably quit the United States, and retire over the lakes Ontario and Erie. All the Mohawks, and the greater part of the Cayugas, have already removed into Canada. The number of souls in all the six nations was, in 1796, 4058. The Stockbridge and Brotherton Indians, who now live among them, added, make the whole number 4508, of whom 760 live in Canada, the rest in the United States. By a treaty made in 1794, between the United States on the one part, and the Six Nations and their Indian friends residing with them, on the other part, it was stipulated that "the sum of 4500 dollars should be expended annually, and for ever, in purchasing clothing, domestic animals, implements of husbandry, and other utensils, and in compensating useful artificers who shall reside among them, and be employed for their benefit." This allowance is under the direction of a superintendant, and is not distributed for any private purposes. It is apportioned among them according to their numbers, in order to which there is annually taken an exact census of all these Indians.

In 1796, the Friends, commonly called Quakers, in their benevolence and zeal to promote the welfare of these Indians, raised a fund to support a number of their society, who offered to go and reside among them, with a view to promote their civilization, moral improvement, and real welfare. A committee of their society was appointed to accompany these friends to humanity, and they were actually on the spot, and commenced their work of charity about nine years back. The state of New York have taken these Indians under their protection, and appointed commissioners to take care that they receive no wrong from interested individuals.

[SKANEATETES, a lake in Onondaga County, New York, 14 miles long from s. e. to n. w. and little more than one mile wide where broadest. It waters the military townships of

Marcellus and Sempronius, and sends its waters n. to Seneca River.]

[SKENECTADY, an ancient and respectable town in Albany County, New York, 13 miles n. w. of Albany City, pleasantly situate in a vale bordered with hills to the s. and e. on the margin of Mohawk River. The houses, about 150 or 200 in number, are compactly built, chiefly of brick, on regular streets, in the old Dutch style, on the s. side of the river: few of them are elegant. The public buildings are a Dutch and a Presbyterian church. The windings of the river through the town and fields, which are often overflowed in the spring, afford a rich and charming prospect about harvest time.

This town, being at the foot of navigation, on a long river which passes through a very fine country rapidly settling, it would be natural to conclude would embrace much of its commerce; but originally knowing no other than the fur trade, which, since the revolution, has almost ceased, and having taken no advantage of its happy situation for other commerce, the place has considerably decayed. The chief business of this town now is to receive the merchandise from Albany, and put it into batteaux to go up the river, and forward to Albany the returns from the back country. See MOHAWK RIVER. Union College was established and incorporated here in 1794, and is under the direction of 24 trustees. It took its name from the union of various denominations of Christians in its establishment. The Dutch were, however, by far the most liberal benefactors to this institution. It is well situated for the conveniency of the n. and w. parts of the state. In June, 1796, there were 40 students, divided into four classes, viz. 1st. Languages; 2d. History and Belles Lettres; 3d. Mathematics; 4th. Philosophy. The annual expense of education here, including board, tuition, &c. is less than 100 dollars. The property of the college consists in various articles, to the following amount, viz.

And 1604 acres of land. The faculty of the college consisted, in 1797, of the president and one tutor; and the salary of the former, with an house for his family, is 1100 dollars, and of the latter 665 dollars per annum, with an additional allowance at present of 250 dollars, on account of the extraordinary price of the necessaries of life. There were, in 1797, 37 students, eight in the class of languages, 20 in the class of history and belles lettres, six in the class of mathematics, and three in the class of philosophy. The course of studies is, the first year Virgil, Cicero's Orations, Greek Testament, Lucian, Roman antiquities, arithmetic and English grammar; the second year, geography and the use of the globes, Roman history, history of America, and the American revolution, Xenophon, Horace, criticism, and eloquence; the third year, the various branches of mathematics, and vulgar and decimal fractions, and the extraction of the roots, geometry, algebra, trigonometry, navigation, mensuration, Zenophon continued, and Homer; and the fourth and last year, natural philosophy, the constitution of the United States and of the dif ferent states, metaphysics, or at least that part which treats of the philosophy of the human mind, Horace continued, and Longinus; and, during the course of these studies, the attention of the classes is particularly required to elocu tion and composition in the English language. A provision is also made for substituting the knowledge of the French language instead of the Greek, in certain cases, if the funds should here-after admit of instituting a French professorship. The library consists of about 1000 vo-. lumes, and £500 is appropriated to the purchase of a philosophical apparatus. The township of Skenectady contains 3472 inhabitants, of whom 683 are electors, and 381 slaves. It is bounded e. by Half Moon and Water-Vliet, and s. by the n. bounds of the manor of Rensselaerwick.]

[SKENESBOROUGH, now called WHITEHALL, is a growing township in the e. side of

[the State of New York, situate on Wood Creek, on the s. side of South Bay. It is situate in a wild romantic country, as yet but little cultivated or improved. It contains very few houses; but its principal resources are derived from the falls in its vicinity, upon which are built some saw and flour mills; and from the commerce carried on between the state of New York and Canada, it being the port or harbour for most of the vessels employed in that trade, and in transporting goods to the different settlements along the lake. It has, however, very bad water, and is unhealthy in summer. It is about eight miles e. by n. of Fort George, and six n. by e. of Fort Ann. The fortifications here were destroyed by General Burgoyne in July, 1777.

It is only within the last 20 or 30 years, that much progress has been made in settling the lands in this part of the country. During the American war they formed almost one continued wood, containing merely a few wretched roads or intricate paths. It was here that General Burgoyne and his army were delayed (in the year before mentioned) so many weeks in opening roads through the woods to Fort Edward, which occasioned many of those difficulties that afterwards led to the capture of that fine army. It is said, that when the general found he was hemmed in on every side, and knew he must surrender, he gave permission to his officers and soldiers to take advantage of the night, and make their escape into Canada. Upwards of 2000 escaped in this manner, and went off, in small parties, with Indians for their guides. Captain Ferguson, of the Canadian fencibles, was then in Burgoyne's army, and went off with his father, who was a captain in one of the regi ments. They made their escape at night without any Indian for their guide, and were 43 days in the woods before they reached St. John's, during which they had no other subsistence than the leaves and bark of trees, and what little game they could pick up.

The mode of travelling here is in a sort of waggon, common in the states, and used by the country peoply to carry their provisions to market, or to transport goods from one part of the country to the other. A great number are constantly employed on the road between Skenesborough and Troy. It is a long narrow cart upon four wheels, and drawn by two horses abreast. When used as a stage for travelling, a couple of chairs are placed in it; but it is a very rough method of riding, for the waggon has no springs; and a traveller ought to have excellent

nerves to endure the shaking and jolting of such a vehicle over bad roads.

In the neighbourhood of this place the woods, in many places, have been cleared by burning the bark off the trees, and numbers of them yet remain standing, though vegetation is destroyed. The other parts of the farms are covered with the stumps of trees and enclosed by worm fences, which give to these settlements a very rough appearance. They are, however, numerous, and contain several good houses.

The surrounding country is agreeably diversified with hill and dale, small woods, clumps of trees, corn-fields, pastures, and meadow-lands. The soil is said to be fertile, and many very handsome houses and churches are to be seen near the road-sides, all of wood, but constructed very neatly with clap-boards and shingles, which cover the heavy timbers. Many of the houses are built in the style of English country dwellings of the modern taste; some of them two or three stories high, painted white, and ornamented with green Venetian shades. The churches are uncommonly neat, painted white, and kept in excellent order. They have good spires, and some of them bells.]

[SKIPPACK, a township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.]

[SKIPTON, a village of Maryland on the n. side of Patowmac River, about 11 miles s. e. of Fort Cumberland, and 28 s. of Bedford in Pennsylvania.]

[SKITTIKISS, a bay of about eight leagues extent on the e. side of Washington's Isles, on the n. w. coast of N. America, n. of Cumberland Harbour. The opening is in lat. about 53° 15'.]

[SKUPPERNONG, a small river of N. Carolina. A canal was finished in 1790, which connects the waters of this stream with the lake in Dismal Swamp, on the s. side of Albemarle Sound.]

[SKÚTOCK Hills, in Hancock County, district of Maine, lie n. e. of the harbour of Gouldsborough. In sailing from Mount Desert to Gouldsborough, you must steer n. n. e. for these hills, which are more remarkable than any in the e. country. There are five of them, and at a distance they appear round.]

[SLABTOWN, a village in Burlington County, New Jersey, about half way between Burlington and Mount Holly, four or five miles from each.] SLATE, a small river of the colony of Virginia.

[SLAUGHTER Creek, a short stream on the