PUICO, a settlement of the district of Condesuyos del Cuzco in Peru.

PUIS, a settlement of the province and government of Chocó in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, and of the district of Barbacoas, on the shore of the river Telembi.

PUJILLI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Tacunga in the kingdom of Quito; celebrated as being the place where they fabricate jars, pitchers, pans, and other earthen vessels, in a very nice manner; thus providing with these necessary articles the other provinces. Fourteen leagues from Quito.

PUJIRRI, a river of the kingdom of Chile, which runs w. and enters the Valdivia.

PULACU, a river of the province of Loca in the kingdom of Quito, in the n. n. e. part. It runs s. and by the n. enters the Zamora, in lat. 3° 55' s.

PULARES, GRANDE, a settlement of the province and government of Tucumán in Peru, belonging to the district and jurisdiction of the city of Salta, and annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Chiquiana.

PULARES, another settlement in this province, with the addition of Chico, to distinguish it from the former, annexed to the same curacy as that. PULARES, another, with the surname of Lara, also of the same province and curacy.

PULARES, a mountain of the same province, in the valley of Calchaqui, where there is a rich silver mine.

PULARO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Tacunga in the kingdom of Quito.

PULCHES, a barbarous nation of Indians, of the kingdom of Chile, to the e. of the city of Villarica. They dwell in the woods at the the foot of the mountains of the Andes, and maintain them selves by the chase.

PULGAR, a settlement of the province and government of Santa Marta in the Nuevo Reyna de Granada, on the shore and at the source of the river Guazos, and at the foot of the sierra of Perija.

PULLO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Parinacochas in Peru.

PULINDARA, a settlement of the province and government of Popayán in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada.

PULPITO, a point of land in a circular form, on the coast of the Gulf of California; where there is a mountain of that figure, that is resembling a pulpit, on the side of the Bay of Comondú.

VOL. IV.

PULUHIA, a settlement of Indians of the kingdom of Chile, on the shore of the river Solivinokou.

PUMACA, a settlement of the province and government of Jaen de Bracamoros in the kingdom of Quito, on the shore of the river Simanchi.

PUMACHUCO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guanuco in Peru, annexed to the curacy of Santa Maria del Valle.

PUMA-COCHA. See POMA-COCHA.

PUMAGUAY, a settlement of the province and government of Tucumán in Peru, belonging to the district and jurisdiction of the city of Xuxuy, on the shore of the river Laquiaca.

PUMALLACTA. See POMA-LLACTA. PUMANQUE, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Colchagua in the kingdom of Chile; on the shore of the river Bichuquen.

PUMA-TAMPU, an ancient province of Peru, to the w. of Cuzco; conquered and united to the empire of the Incas by Mayta Capac, fourth emperor. It is at the present day confounded with other provinces.

PUMPU, or BOMBON, an ancient province of Peru, comprehended in that of Tarma and part of that of Guanuco. It was one of those conquered by Pachacutéc, tenth emperor of Peru. The inhabitants, who were called Pumpus, were very warlike, and made a great resistance against that prince.

PUNA, an island of the S. Sea, in the middle of the Gulf of Guayaquil. In the e. part, and at the entrance of the port, its length is from seven to eight leagues from s. w. to n. e. and its width from three to four from s. e. to n. w. It is of a quadrilong figure, and was the head seat of the province in the beginning of its establishment; and the first Spaniard who entered it was Francisco Pizarro, in 1530. It was then commanded by Tomala, the principal cacique and lord of the natives, with which it was well peopled. Afterwards was added to its jurisdiction the settlement of Tumbez, until the same was assigned by the viceroy Don Francisco de Toledo to the territory, of the corregimiento of Piura: Puna was then, from its being in the vicinity of Guayaquil, annexed as to its government with the settlements of Machala and Naranjal; and through this runs the river Suya, which flows down from the sierra of Atuncañar of the province of Cuenca, and empties itself into the port in sight of the island of which we treat; and it is by this river that the trade of the two provinces is carried on,

H H

and an interchange of their productions easily effected even during the winter: for the river is navigable for oared-boats until that it becomes united with the two rivers called Taura and Balao; from the mouths of which the navigation is performed by sails. They have there also a method of adding to the vessel a false keel, which secures it from what the sailors term capsizing; and they likewise use an extraordinary kind of helm, which they call guare, not known in any other part, the same being made of a junction of five boards, each of five yards long, and half a yard wide; and which being introduced into the water at mid-ships, answers the purpose of the regular helm, and is easily governed by a thin cane, thus enabling the vessel to stem without danger the whirlpools of the rivers and the rolling of the sea, although it is not unfrequently that it be loaded with from 200 to 300 arrobas, in sacks of flour, packages of linens and baizes, and chests of conserves and native fruits.

[The method of adding false keels to vessels has been lately illustrated in this kingdom by the ingenuity of Sir Sydney Smith, as in the cases of the Milbrook and Netley schooners. We are creditably informed, that the Spaniards, who saw these vessels, called them the "Devil with three tails."]

The island of Puna was peopled with 20,000 Indians, and, in 1734, by the census then taken, there were to be found no more than 96. This falling-off is generally attributed to the severity of the climate, and the prevalence of the small-pox and measles. But these Indians are exempt from personal service, and, therefore, notwithstanding what has been said of the climate, their own account of their decrease is most worthy belief; and that is, that the motive of their extinction arises from the visible chastisement of Divine Justice; for when that having relapsed into their errors of idolatry, the bishop of Truxillo had come amongst them to call them back to the fold, they put him to an ignominious death by poison; and, after having buried his body, dug it up, purified it from corruption by tobacco, and devoured it according to the barbarous customs which prevailed in the time of their earliest gentilism.

The productions of this island are now reduced yearly to 6000 strait sticks of mangrovetrees for the manufactories of Peru, 15,000 loads of cacao, 200 arrobas of dried fish, by which the inhabitants maintain themselves; though not less than by supplying with meat those vessels

which touch at the port of this island, and do not come close up to the city. They also derive some profit by careening large vessels, which lie here for this operation, in preference of hazarding a passage through the shoals to the dock up the river. It has no other settlements than that of its own name, and those of Machala and Naranjal already named. ranjal already named. The port is eight leagues from the city, in long. 70° 58' w. lat. 2° 50's.

PUNA, the principal settlement or capital of the district, in which resides the lieutenant nominated through the governor. It is of an hot climate, poor and nearly depopulated.

PUNAMA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Larecaxa in Peru, annexed to the curacy of Ambaná.

PUNAN, SAN GERONIMO DE, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guarochiri in Peru, annexed to the curacy of Santa Olaya.

PUNAQUEHUAR, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Quispicanchi in Peru; in which there is an image of Nuestra Señora de la Purificacion, held in great devotion.

PUNATA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Cochabamba in the same kingdom as the former, and of the bishopric of Santa Cruz de la Sierra; where there is a celebrated sanctuary dedicated to Nuestra Señora, with the dedicatory title of Bella.

PUNCERES, a settlement of the province and government of Cumaná, in the interior of the serrania, and one of those of the missions which are held in that province by the Aragonese Capuchin fathers: on the shore of a small river which enters the Guarapiche.

PUNGALA, a settlement of the province and government of Riobamba in the kingdom of Quito; on the shore and to the e. of the river Guamoco, and s. e. of that of Llicto. It is very fertile, and its territory is pleasant: in lat. 1°50's.

PUNGARAVATO, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldía mayor of Guimeo in Nueva España. It contains 135 families of Indians, and in its district are four estates with 34 Spaniards and Mustees, who gather in abundance cotton and cascalote, which is the principal ingredient for the tanning and dying leather, and which, mixed with copperas, makes the most perfect black, for which reason it is an herb most necessary in tanneries. Five leagues n. of its capital.

PUNGUEO, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Cinaqua in Nueva España. It is of an hot and dry temperature, and its population consists

of 32 families of Indians, who trade in large cattle, wax, and maize: is 47 leagues s. e. of its capital.

PUNI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Riobamba in the kingdom of Quito. PUNILLA, a settlement of the province and government of Tucumán in the district and jurisdiction of the city of Córdoba.

PUNIQUITA, a settlement of the province and government of Popayán in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada.

[PUNJO Bay, in East Florida. See CHAT HAM BAY.]

PUNO, SAN CARLOS DE, a small town and capital of the province and corregimiento of Paucarcolla in Peru, from the year 1686 until that it was demolished by the revolutions arising from the celebrated gold mines. It was then called San Juan Baptista, and now stands on the shore of the great lake of Titicaca, which causes it to be unhealthy. It is extremely rich and wellpeopled, and contains some illustrious families. It has two parishes; one for the Spaniards, the other for the Indians. The first is very handsome, and was endowed by a rich inhabitant, who was master of some mines. These mines, which are the richest of any in Peru, used to yield the parties concerned above 50,000 dollars to each annually. At the present day the mining is abandoned owing to the death of the aforesaid patron, whose name was San Roman, and who was universally lamented: 14 miles n. w. from the city of Chucuito, in lat. 16° 24' s.

PUÑOS, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guamalies in Peru, annexed to the curacy of Llacta.

PUNOVIS, a barbarous nation of Indians of the province and country of Las Amazonas, who dwell in the woods near this river in the s. parts. They are descended from the Burais, by whom they are bounded on the w. They are but little

known.

PUNRUN, a large lake of Peru, in the province of Tarma. Its length is three leagues, and its width two; and from it rises the river Huambra, which afterwards enters the Paria.

PUNSEGUA, a settlement of the province and government of Cartagena in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada: situate in one of the islands formed by the river Cauca near the town of Mompox.

PUNTA, S. JUAN DE LA, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Huatuzco and alcaldía mayor of Córdoba in Nueva España: it contains 26 families of Indians, and in some of

the farms of its district assist some other 10 Spaniards, seven Mustees, and eight Mulattoes: five leagues e. s. e. of its capital.

PUNTA, another settlement in the district of Santa Elena, of the province and government of Guayaquil, in the kingdom of Quito. It is situate on the coast, and has a good port, and one which is convenient and frequented by vessels carrying on illicit trade: it is the general resi dence of the lieutenant of the district.

PUNTA, another, (with the surname of NEGRA) of the province and corregimiento of Copiapo in the kingdom of Chile; situate near the coast and the river Mamas. In the s. part, and near to it, are the gold mines of Jesus Maria and Maray, and further on, nearly in the same rhumb, the mine of Monte Blanco.

PUNTA, another, of the missions, which are held by the religious of San Francisco in the Nuevo Reyno de Leon.

PUNTA, another, which is the asiento of the silver mines in the province and corregimiento of Piura in Peru; annexed to the curacy of its capital.

PUNTA, another, with the dedicatory title of San Juan: called also De los Ingenios; in the province and corregimiento of Saña, of the same kingdom as the kingdom.

PUNTA, a city, with the dedicatory of San Luis. See LOYOLA.

PUNTA, an island, in the province and corre gimiento of Cuyo in the kingdom of Chile.

[PUNTA Fort, one of the largest batteries or castles, and the second in order, at the mouth of the harbour of the Havannah in the Island of Cuba. It is also called Mesa de Maria, or the Virgin Mary's Table.]

[PUNTA, and PUNTA BRAVA, towns of Mexico. See ANGELOS.]

[PUNTA DE PIEDRAS, a cape on the n. w. extremity of the peninsula of Yucatan, in New Spain.]

[PUNTA, ESPADA, the s. e. point of the island of St. Domingo; 65 leagues, following the turnings of the coast, e. of Nisao, and 16 from Cape Raphael. The s. e. part of the island consists chiefly of extensive rich plains.]

[PUNTA, GORDA, a peninsula on the s. side of the island of Cuba, n. n. c. of Isle de Pinos.] [PUNTA, NEGRILLO, the w. point of the island of Jamaica.]

[PUNTA. See POINT.]

PUNTAL, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Pasto, in the kingdom of Quito. PUNTAS, CABO DE TRES, the e. extremity of the coast in the province and government of Cu

maná. It is of the form of a T; the superior part, or line, of which has three points; and by the w. it forms the Gulf of Cumaná, or Cariaco, the boundary of which is the point of Araya; and by the e. is the Gulf Daria ending at the Point Paria, or Pina.

PUNTAS, another cape, on the coast of the province and government of Honduras, between the gulf of this name and that of Triumfo de la Cruz: at the back of it, and in the bay to the s. s. e. where stands the settlement of Santo Tomas de Castilla, is the anchorage for the registerships coming to this province.

PUNTAS, a mountain thus called, also on the s. coast of the Straits of Magellan. It is an isle at the mouth of the canal of Santa Barbara. PUNTOS, SIERRA DE LOS QUINCE, in the province and government of Paraguay. PUNTOS, a river of the province and corregimiento of Coquimbo in the kingdom of Chile, which runs nearly n.

PUNUNU, a river of the province and government of Quixos and Macas in the kingdom of Quito. It runs from n. e. to s. w. 18 leagues, and afterwards enters by the e. part into the part into the Payamino, in lat. 46' s.

PUNUTUN, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Quillota in the kingdom of Chile, situate on the shore of the river of this

name.

PUPA, SAN FRANCISCO DE, a fort of the province and government of Florida, on the shore of the grand river of San Mateo.

PUPIALES, a settlement of the province and government of Pasto in the kingdom of Quito.

PUPUI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Coquimbo in the kingdom of Chile, situate on the shore of the river Conchali.

PUQUINA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Moquehua in Peru.

PUQUIOS, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Copiapo in the kingdom of Chile, situate between the river Castano and that of Chimiral.

PURACE, a settlement of the province and government of Popayán in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, situate near its capital to the e.

PURAPEL, a small river of the kingdom of Chile, which runs s. and turning e. enters the Longomillas.

PURARA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxamarquilla in Peru.

PURASICAS, a barbarous nation of Indians of the province and government of Los Chiquitos:

bounded n. by those of the Borilos; and all that is known of them is, that they are very warlike and numerous.

PURBACHI, a settlement of the missions which were held by the Jesuits in the province of Taraumara and kingdom of Nueva Vizcaya. It is 29 leagues s. one quarter to w. of the real of mines and town of San Felipe de Chiguagua.

PUREI, a settlement of the province of Barcelona, and government of Cumaná, on the coast. PUREN, a large settlement and fortified place of the kingdom of Chile, erected against the Araucanos Indians, who besieged and destroyed it in 1723. It was rebuilt in 1730, and has a guard of Spanish troops.

PUREN, a lake of this kingdom, in the country and territory of the Araucanos Indians, and where these have always proved themselves invincible against the Spaniards. It is formed of the two rivers Curarahua and Eyoa, which afterwards run to enter the Imperial.

PUREN, a large, fertile, and beautiful valley of the same kingdom; celebrated for the battles fought there between the Spaniards and the Araucanians; and it has been the theatre of the most glorious exploits.

PURI, a settlement of the province and government of Darien in the kingdom of Tierra Firme; on the coast of the S. Sea, to the w. of the real of the gold mines of Santa Maria, a small river running between.

PURIBI, a port of the river Poumaron in the province and government of Guayana, and that part possessed by the Dutch.

PURICA, SIERRA DE. Some mountains of the province and government of Sonora in N. America.

PURICOSA, a river of the province and government of Jaen de Bracamoros in the kingdom of Quito; which runs parallel to that of the Irambisa, and enters the Santiago.

PURIFICACION, NUESTRA SENORA DE LA, a town of the province and government of Neiva in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It is of a very hot temperature, produces in abundance cacao, sugar canes, maize, yucas, and plantains; and has many gold mines, which are worked, and lavaderos of the same metal in the rivers of Saldaña, Cuello, and Magdalena. It has also large breeds of neat cattle and swine, of which great numbers are sent to Cartagena, Santa Fé, Honda, and Mompox. The natives, who amount to 500, are savage and uncouth, and are therefore called lanudos, at Cartagena and the other settlements of the coast; the same name being also given to

the other natives of this province. It is much infested with insects, and particularly with that called the coya. Half way between the cities of Neiva and Tocaima.

PURIFICACION, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldía mayor of Tezcoco in Nueva España; between two lofty mountains. It contains 280 families of Indians, who live by the trade of cutting wood and making charcoal to carry it in canoes to Mexico. One league e. of its capital, on the shore of the lake, between the rivers Papalotla and Tezcoco.

PURIFICACION, another, of the head settlement of the district, and alcaldía mayor of Teotihuacan in the same kingdom. Half a league s. of its capital.

PURIFICACION, another, of the head settlement and alcaldía mayor of Tepeaca in the same kingdom. It contains 27 Indian families, and is one league from its capital.

PURIFICACION, a settlement of the province and government of Venezuela in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; near the coast of the river Ipire, on the shore of the lake Unare.

PURIO, a river of the province and government of Veragua in the kingdom of Tierra Firme. It rises in the mountains of the s. part, and enters the Pacific, opposite the island of Iguanas.

PURISBURG. [See PURYSBURG.] PURNIO, a settlement of the government of Mariquita, and jurisdiction of the town of Honda in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It is a collection of all kinds of people, on the shore of the grand river Magdalena, a little below that town; of a very hot and sickly temperature, and unpleasant to dwell in, from the abundance of longlegged mosquitoes, and short-legged gnats. It has some gold mines, although they be but little worked, and abounds in cacao, sugar canes, and other productions of a warm climate.

PURU, or GONIPAPE, a river of the province and country of Las Amazonas, or part of Guayana, possessed by the Portuguese. It rises under the equinoctial line, in the country of the Tueres Indians, runs s. s. e. and enters the river of Las Amazonas, between that of Jagarape and that of Urubacuara.

PURUAI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Conchucos in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Sihuas, of an extremely hot temperature.

PURUAI, a river of this province and kingdom, which rises near the settlement of Miraflores, runs n. and enters the Marañon.

PURUANDIRO, S. JUAN DE, a principal and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Valladolid, in the province and bishopric of Mechoacán; situate at the foot of the sierra of this name, of a mild temperature; 24 leagues distant from its capital, Pasquaro, by the n.; and its jurisdiction is divided from that of the town of Leon, by the limits described, by an abundant river which rises in the jurisdiction of Metepec, and which runs into other provinces. It contains 27 families of Spaniards, three of Mulattoes, and 131 of Indians, who live by the cultivation and tanning of leather.

PURUAYES, an ancient nation of Indians of the kingdom of Quito, s. of the province of Riobamba. They have always been warlike, bold, and of a subtle disposition, and have formed some settlements.

PURUCHUCU, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Canta in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Guamantanga.

PURUEÏ, a small river of the province and government of Guayana or Nueva Andalucia, which runs nearly n. and enters the Orinoco to the e. of the mouth of the abundant Caura.

PURUGOTOS, a barbarous nation of infidel Indians, of the province and country of Guayana or Nueva Andalucia, who dwell near the shore of the Orinoco; nothing more being known of them.

PURUMAUCA, an ancient province of the kingdom of Chile; bounded n. by the province of Coquimbo. Its natives put a check to the conquests of Inca Yupanqui, and gave him a bloody contest, which lasted three successive days, obliging him to retire, and to limit his dominions on the s. part of the river Maule.

PURUN, a lake of the province and corregimiento of Canta in Peru; on the shore of the river Pari. In it are some salines, in which is found abundance of salt.

PURUNCHEQUARO, SAN GERONIMO DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Cocupao, and alcaldía mayor of Valladolid, in the province and bishopric of Mechoacán, very near a lake. It contains 35 families of Indians, applied to fishing and agriculture. One league to. of its head settlement.

PURUPII, a settlement of the province and captainship of Seregipe in Brazil; on the shore of the river Grande de San Francisco; near its entrance into the sea.

PURUS, a large and abundant river of the kingdom of Brazil. It runs from s. to n. through woods and unknown countries to the s. of the