IX. GLOSSARY OF BIBLE WORDS, WITH EXPLANATIONS BY THE REV. PROFESSOR SKEAT, LITT.D. In the following Glossary the peculiar use of every word (wherever practicable) is illustrated by a quotation from some one of our English authors, chiefly of the time of Elizabeth or James I. In general, the name of the author or of the work (or both) is given in full or sufficiently indicated, with an exact reference to the place where the word occurs. Some of the books quoted are to be found amongst Mr Arber's reprints, the chief of them being the following: Gascoigne's Steel Glas (1576); Gosson's Schoole of Abuse (1579); Latimer's Sermons (1549); Lever's Sermons (1550); and Lyly's Euphues (1579---80). Other books that may be specially mentioned are: Cooper's Thesaurus (a Latin Dictionary, 1565); Cotgrave's F. Dict. (French Dictionary, ed. 1660); Florio's Italian Dictionary (1598); Minsheu's English Dictionary (1627). Also: Gower's Conf. Amant. (Confessio Amantis); Langland's P. Pl. (Piers Plowman); Promp. Parv. (Promptorium Parvulorum, Camden Society); Shak. (Shakespeare, Globe edition); Sh. Plut. or Plutarch (Shakespeare's Plutarch, i.e. the translation by Sir Thos. North, used by Shakespeare, ed. Skeat, 1875). The following abbreviations also occur: E. D. S. (English Dialect Society's Publications); E. E. T. S. (Early English Text Society's Publications); tr. (translation). Some illustrations are from the apocryphal books, such as Ecclus. (Ecclesiasticus); Macc. (Maccabees). Note that P. B. signifies Prayer Book, chiefly used of the Prayer-Book version of the Psalms; and R. V. means Revised Version, as it is often useful to know how the word is there differently rendered. The usual abbreviations are used, such as s. (substantive), &c.; but v. is used in the special sense of 'verb in the infinitive mood,' Blow me into abhorring. Shak. Ant. v. 2. 60. ABIDE, v. to await, wait for. Acts 20. 23. Symeon... abood the coumfort of Israel. Lu. 2. 25 (Wycliffe). ABJECT, s. a castaway, outcast. Ps. 35. 15. Servants and abjects flout me. G. Herbert, Temple: Sacrifice. ABOMINATION, s. an object that excites loathing. The temple, oft the law, with foul affronts, Abominations rather. Milton, P. R. 3. 160. ABROAD, adv. out of one's house, away from home; from abroad, from a distance. Judg. 12. 9; 1 Sam. 9. 26; 1 Kings 2. 42. I am glad to see your lordship abroad. Shak. 2 Hen. IV. i. 2. 107. ABUSE, v. to misuse, ill-treat, Judg. 19. 25; 1 Sam. 31. 4; 1 Chr. 10. 4. (In the last two places the margin has mock.) He shall not abuse Robert Shallow. Shak. M. Wives, i. 1. 3. ACCORDING TO, corresponding to. Ezek. 42. 12. Good sir, or so, or friend, or gentleman, According to the phrase. Shak. Haml. ii. 1. 47. ADAMANT, s. an extremely hard stone; the same word as the mod. E. diamond. Ez. 3. 9; Zec. 7. 12. Gates of burning adamant. Milton, P. L. 2. 436. ADDICT, v. refl. to devote oneself, give oneself up. 1 Cor. 16. 15. To addict themselves to sack. Shak. 2 Hen. IV. iv, 3. 135. ADJURE, v. to cause to swear. Josh. 6. 26. Also, All heaven, what this might mean. Milton, P. L. 3. 271. ADO, s. doing, business, work, stir, 'fuss.' Mk 5. 39. Much Ado about Nothing. Shak. (For the gerund to do the Northern dialect used at do, afterwards shortened to a-do.) ADVENTURE, v. to venture; v. refl. to venture to go. Deut. 28. 56; Judg. 9. 17; Acts 19. 31. Leander would adventure It. Shak. Two Gent. iii. 1. 120. ADVERSARY, s. an opponent in a law-suit. Matt. 5. 25; Lu. 12. 58. Thou art come to answer AFFECT, v. to desire earnestly, seek after, (R.V. seek.) Gal. 4. 17. Maria once told me she did affect me. Shak. Tw. Nt, ii. 5. 28. AFFECTIONED, pp. disposed. Rom. 12. 10. (From the sb. affection; cf. affectionate.) He was very lovingly affectioned towards his children. Fuller, Abel Redivivus (Luther) AFFINITY, s. relationship by marriage. 1 Kings 3. 1; 2 Chr. 18. 1; Ezra 9. 14. He [Hyde] was closely related by affinity to the royal house.. Macaulay, Hist. Eng. vol. i. ch. 2. AFORE, adv. beforehand, previously. Rom. 9. 23; Eph. 3. 3. Hence afore-hand, Mark 14. 8. If he have never drunk wine afore. Shak. Temp. ii. 2. 78. AGAINST, prep.; a. the sun,' exposed to the sun, Numb. 25. 4. Of time: by the time that. Gen. 43. 25; Ex. 7. 15. Ever 'gainst that season comes. Shak. Haml. i. 1, 158. AGONE, pp. as adv. ago. 1 Sam. 30. 13. An hour agone. Shak. Tw. Nt, v. 1. 204. ALBEIT, conj. although it be. Ezek. 13. 17; Phn. 19. Al-be-it that I shal be never the better. Chaucer, Leg. Good Women, 1363. (For al be it, where al has the sense of 'although.') ALL, adv. utterly. Judg. 9. 53. In the phr. 'all tobrake,' i. e. utterly broke in pieces, the prefix tooriginally belonged to the verb; but as verbs with this prefix were rarely used without all, this fact was lost sight of, and the to was ignorantly regarded as belonging to the all. Hence a new compound all-to sprang up, with the sense of 'wholly, utterly,' [He] al to-tare his atir that he to-tere might; ie. he utterly tore to pieces his attire that he was able to tear in pieces. Will, of Palerne, 3884. Al is to-broken thilke regioun. Chaucer, Kn. Ta. 2759. His brest to-broken. Ibid. 2693. Her wings.. were all-to ruffled. Milton, Comus, 380. (A. S. eal, utterly; to-brecan, v. to break in pieces, with intensive prefix tō.) ALLEGE, v. to adduce proofs, bring evidence. Acts 17.3. Non other auctour allegge I. Chaucer, Hous of Fame, 314. ALLOW, v. to approve of. Lu. 11. 48; Rom. 7. 15; 1 Thess. 2. 4. If your sweet sway Allow obedience. Shak. K. Lear, ii. 4. 194. ALL-TO, a later (erroneous) form of all to-. See All. ADVERTISE, v. to give notice, inform. Numb. 24. ALMS, s. a charitable gift. Mat. 6. 1; Lu. 11. 41; Ac. 3. 3. A stony adversary. Shak. Merch. Ven. iv. 1. 4. 14; Ruth 4. 4. It were an alms to hang him, Shak. Much Ado, íi. 3. 164. (Alms is singular; A.S. almesse.) AMAZEMENT, s. confusion, terror. (R.V. terror.) 1 Pet. 3. 6. Satan, smitten with amazement, fell. Milton, P. R. 4. 561. AMBASSAGE, s. embassy. Lu. 14. 32. Who, on ambassage to the emperor sent. Gower has 'thembusshements, i.e, the ambushments. AMERCE, v. to fine, impose a money penalty upon. I'll amerce you with so strong a fine. Shak. Romeo, iii. 1. 195. AMIABLE, adj. lovely. Ps. 84. 1. 'Twould make her amiable. Shak. Oth. iii. 4. 59. ANCIENTS, 8. pl. elders. Isa. 3. 14; Jer. 19. 1; Ezek. 7. 26. The R.V. has 'elders' in the first two passages. We still speak of 'the ancients.' AND, conj. if. Gen. 44. 30; Numb. 5. 30. They will set an house on fire, and it were but to roast their egges. Bacon, Essay 23. AND IF, if. Lit. 'if-if,' since and means 'if'; see above. Matt. 24. 48. And if thou seest my boy. Shak. Two Gent. iii. 1. 257. (In the edition of 1623; changed in modern editions to an if. But and is the older and more correct form.) ANGLE, s. a rod with a line and hook for fishing. Isa. 19. 8; Hab. 1. 15. Thrown out his angle for my proper life. Shak. Haml. v. 2. 66. ANON, adv. immediately, at once. Matt. 13. 20; Mark 1. 30. Anon undo the yates (gates). P. Plowman, C. 21. 335. APPARENTLY, adv. manifestly, openly. Nu. 12. 8. (R.V. manifestly.) If he should scorn me so apparently. Shak. Com. Err. iv. 1. 78. APPLE OF THE EYE, s. eye-ball. Dt. 32. 10. Sink in apple of his eye. Shak. Mid. N. D. iii. 2. 104. APPREHEND, v. to lay hold of, grasp. Phil. 3. 12. Thayr dwelling-place for ay to apprehend. Douglas, tr. of Virgil, xi. 7. 70. APPROVE, v. (1) to prove, demonstrate. Acts 2. 22; 2 Cor. 6. 4; 7. 11. That. He may approve our eyes (i.e. may affirm what we have seen). Shak. Haml, i. 1. 29. (2) to test, put to the proof. Rom. 2. 18; Ph. 1. 10. Task me to my word; approve me, lord. Shak. 1 Hen. IV. iv. 1. 9. APT, adj. fitted. 1 Tim. 3. 2; 2 Tim. 2. 24. Apt to die. Shak. Jul. C. iii. 1. 160. ARK, s. a chest, coffer. Ex. 2. 3. Also used of Noah's vessel, and of the 'ark of the covenant,' or box in which the tables of the law, &c. were kept. In the riche arke dan Homers rimes he placed. Lord Surrey, Praise of Certain Psalms, 3. ARRAY, s. dress. (R.V. raiment.) 1 Tim, 2. 9. Rings, and things, and fine array. Shak. Tam. Shr. ii. 1. 325. ARTILLERY, 8. bow and arrows. (R.V. weapons.) 1 Sam. 20. 40. Artillarie now a dayes is taken for ii. thinges: Gunnes and Bowes. Ascham, Toxoph. p. 65. ASK, v. to ask for. Matt. 7. 9. Ask at, to enquire of. Dan. 2. 10. Clifford, ask mercy. Shak. 3 Hen. VI. ii. 6. 69. ASSAY, v. to essay, attempt, try. Dt. 4. 34; Ac. 9. 26, &c. All these things... we will assay to abridge in one volume. 2 Maccabees 2. 23. ASSURANCE, s. confidence. 1 Thess. 1. 5. I'll make assurance [certainty] double sure. Shak. Macb. iv. 1. 83. ASSURE, v. to make confident. (In the margin, persuade.) 1 John 3. 19. Your humanitee Assureth us, and yiveth us hardinesse. Chaucer, Clerk. Ta. 37. ASTONIED, pp. astonished. Job 17. 8; Jer. 14. 9. Amazed, Astonied. Milton, P. L. ix. 890. (Hence astound, astounded. Mid. Eng. astoned.) AT ONE; in phr. 'to set at one,' to reconcile; so also 'to be at one,' to agree. Acts 7. 26. Cf. 'and hear your prayers, and be at one with you.' 2 Macc. 1. 5. And wente and kiste his brother; and whan they were at oon, &c. ATTENT, adj. attentive. 2 Chr. 6. 40; 7. 15. Thou therefore give due audience. Milton, P. L. xii. 12. AVOID, v. to depart, withdraw, escape. 1 S. 18. 11. They made proclamation... that all the Volsces should avoid out of Rome. Sir T. North, tr. of Plutarch (ed. Skeat); p. 27. AVOUCH, v. to acknowledge, avow. Deut. 26. 17, 18. Cotgrave translates F. advouer by 'toaduow, auouch, acknowledge, confess to be.' AWAY WITH, v. to tolerate, endure. Isa. 1. 13. Matt 19. 11; in Tyndale's translation. (Elliptical use; put for go away with, or make away with.) Cf. away with him, take him away. John 19. 15. A WORK, at work. 2 Chr. 2. 18. Aroused vengeance sets him new a-work. Shak. Haml. ii. 2. 510. Fly o'er the backside of the world far off. Milton, P. L. iii. 494. BAKEN, pp. baked. Lev. 2. 4; 1 Kings 19. 6. Benes and baken apples. P. Plowman, B. 6. 295. BANK, s. a mound of earth, rampart, cast up in besieging a town. 2 Sam. 20. 15. Fenced on the east side with the bank or rampier. Holland, tr. of Pliny, i. 59. BANQUET, v. to feast. Esth. 7. 1. The mind shall banquet, though the body pine. Shak. L. L. L. i. 1. 25, BARBARIAN, s. a foreigner. 1 Cor. 14. 11. I would they were Barbarians... not Romans. Shak. Cor. iii. 1. 238. BARBAROUS PEOPLE, 8. foreigners. Acts 28. 2. The Scythian counted the Athenian, whom he did not understand, barbarous. Pref. to Bible (1611). BASE, adj. of small account. 1 Cor. 1. 28; 2 Cor. 10. 1. The baser sort, the lower ranks, the common people (without the idea of wickedness). Ac. 17. 5. A baser man of arms. Shak. 1 Hen. VI. i. 4. 30. BATTLE, s. a body of troops, a battalion. 1 Chr. 19. 9. These be fine things. Shak. Temp. ii. 2. 121. BEGGARLY, adj. worthless. Gal. 4. 9. (Used metaphorically.) BEHALF, s. account. On this behalf,' i.e. on this account. (R. V. in this name.) 1 Pet. 4. 16. BESIDE, prep. in addition to, besides. Lev. 23. 38. In many diversez bihalvez. Paston Letters, i. 421. BESOM, s. a broom. Isa. 14. 23. There is no more difference betweene them, then [than] betweene a broom and a beesome. Lyly, Euphues; ed. Arber, p.309. BESTEAD, pp. situated, circumstanced, beset. Hardly bestead, beset with difficulties. Isa. 8. 21. Upon an hard adventure, sore bestad. Spenser, F. Q. 6. 1. 4. BESTOW, v. (1) to stow away, put away, dispose of. 1 Kings 10. 26; 2 Chr. 9. 25; Lu. 12. 17. See the players well bestowed. Shak. Haml. ii. 2. 547, (2) to expend money: Dt. 14. 26; 1 Cor. 13. 3. BÈTIMES, adv. in good time, early. 2 Chr. 36. 15. To-morow bytymes, as the sonne riseth. BEWRAY, v. to expose, reveal. 26. 73. Gen. 26. 31; Caxton, Reynard, p. 43. Prov. 27. 16; Mt. He did bewray his practice. Shak. K. Lear, ii. 1. 109. BID, v. to invite. Matt. 22. 9. Pt t. bade; Lu. 14. 16. Pp. bid; Zeph. 1. 7. Pp. bidden; 1 S. 9. 13; Matt. 22. 3. BLAIN, s. a pustule, boil. Ex. 9. 9. Itches, blains. Shak. Tim. iv. 1. 28. Botches and blains. Milton, P. L. xii. 180. BLASTED, pp. blighted. Gen. 41. 6; 2 Kings 19. 26. Bud and be blasted. Shak. Venus, 1142. BLAZE, v. to proclaim far and wide. Mark 1. 45. Bablers of folly, and blazers of crime. Spenser, F. Q. if. 9. 25. BLOOM, v.t. to put forth blossoms. Numb. 17. 8. The tree of life,... blooming ambrosial fruit. Milton, P. L. iv. 219. (Common as an intransitive verb.) BOLLED, pp. full of pods, or rounded seed-vessels. Ex. 9. 31. The bolles of flax... must be... made drye with the son [sun], to get out the sedes. Fitzherbert, Husbandry, sec. 146, 1. 50. BONNET, s. a man's head-dress. Ex. 28. 40; 29. 9. Off goes his bonnet to an oyster-wench. Shak. Rich. II. i. 4. 31. BOOTIES, s. plunder; pl. of booty. Hab. 2. 7. Shak. also has this pl.; Wint. Ta. iv. 4. 863. BOSS, s. the convex projection in the centre of a shield. Job 15. 26. A brooch she baa [bore]... As brode as is the bosse of a bocleer [buckler]. Chaucer, Mil. Ta. 80. BOTCH, s. a boil, pustule. Deut. 28. 27, 35. Botches and blains must all his flesh emboss. Milton, P. L. xii. 180. BOWELS, s. pl. compassionate feelings. (R. V. tender mercies.) Phil. 1. 8. (The bowels were once supposed to be the seat of the emotions. Cf. 'in the bowels of the Lord'; Hen. V. ii. 4. 102.) BRAVERY, s. finery, showy dress. Isa. 3. 18. His bravery is not of my cost. Shak. As You Like It, ii. 7. 80. BRAY, v. to pound in a mortar. Prov. 27. 22. He'll bray you in a mortar. B. Jonson, Alchemist, ii. 3. BREACH, s. a break in a coast-line, bay, harbour, creek. (R. V. by his creeks.) Judg. 5. 17. (From the verb to break.) BREAK UP, v. to break open. 2 Kings 25. 4; Mic. 2. 13; Matt. 24. 43; Mark 2. 4. Break up the gates. Shak. 1 Hen. VI. i. 3. 13. BRIGANDINE, s. a sort of coat of mail, or corslet. Jer. 46. 4; 51. 3. (R. V. coat of mail.) Brigandine, a fashion of ancient armor, consisting of many jointed and skale-like plates, very pliant unto, and easie for, the body. Cotgrave, French Dict. It was made of small iron plates, fastened on to canvass or leather. So called because worn by a brigand, which was formerly a name given to a light-armed foot-soldier. BROIDED (in late editions broidered), braided. (R.V. braided.) 1 Tim. 2. 9. Hir yelow heer was broyded in a tresse. Chaucer, Kn. Tale, 191. BROIDERED, pp. embroidered. Ezek. 16. 10; and see above. Thou wilt soil thy broidered coat. Herbert, Temple; Forerunners, st. iv. (Formerly spelt broudered, and formed from F. broder, to stitch, embroider.) BRUIT, s. rumour, report. (R. V. rumour in Jer. 10. 22.) Jer. 10. 22; Nah. 3. 19. As common bruit doth put it. Shak. Tim. v. 1. 196. BUCKLER, s. a small round shield. 2 S. 22. 31; Job 15. 26. A swerd and a bokeler baar he by his syde. Chaucer, Prol. 558. CARRIAGE, s. baggage; something requiring to be The blind mole casts Copped hills towards heaven. CAST, pp. cast-off. Jer. 38. 11. When hatters use to bye none olde cast robes. Gascoigne, Steel Glas, 1090. CAST ABOUT, v. to turn round, turn back. Jer. 41. 14. The master of the pinnace... bade the mariners to cast about again, and to return. Sh. Plutarch, p. 77. CASTAWAY, s. an outcast. 1 Cor. 9. 27. And call us wretches, orphans, castaways. Shak. Rich. III. ii. 2.6. CAUL, s. (1) a net for the hair. Isa. 3. 18; the margin has networks.' Reticula, a lytell nette or kalle. Prompt. Parv. p. 270, note. (2) the membrane surrounding the heart. Hos. 13. 8. CAUSEY, s. a paved road. 1 Chr. 26. 16, 18; ed. 1611. (R.V. causeway.) Satan went down The causey to hell-gate. Milton, P. L. x. 415. CERTIFY, v. to assure. (R. V. I make known to you.) Gal. 1. 11. That I may be certified how long I have to live. Ps. xxxix. 5 (P. B.). CHAFED, pp. irritated, angry. 2 Sam. 17. 8; in the margin, bitter of soul." Are you chafed Shak. Hen. VIII. i. 1. 123. CHALLENGE, v. to claim. Ex. 22. 9. I challenge nothing but my dukedom. Shak. 3 Hen. VI. iv. 7. 23. CHAMBERING, s. wanton living, sensuality. Ro. 13. 13. For chambering and wantonness,' see Jewel's Works, ii. 1040; Latimer, ii. 18; Sandys, 138 (Parker Society). (Lit. a frequenting of chambers, or private rooms.) CHAMPAIGN, s. flat country. (R. V. in the Arabah.) CHANGEABLE, adj. that can be changed. (R.V. the festival robes.) Isa. 3. 22. (It means that the possessor has numerous changes of raiment, and is rich.) And chaunging clothis, and litil palles, and shetes, and pynnes. Wyclif's version. CHAPITER, s. the capital of a column. Ex. 36. 38; 1 Kings 7. 16. A chapiture: capitulum. Catholicon Anglicum. CHAPMAN, s. a merchant. 2 Chr. 9. 14. Utter'd by base sale of chapmen's tongues. Shak. L. L. L. ii. 16. BULWARK, s. fortification. Dt. 20. 20; 2 Chr. 26. 15. CHAPT, pp. cracked; said of the ground. Jer. 14. 4. Barbicans, and bulwerkes strong and new. BUNCH, s. hump. Isa. 30. 6. Speak the truth by her. Shak. Two Gent. ii. 4. 151. BY AND BY, soon, immediately; not by and by, not at once. Matt. 13. 21; Lu. 21. 9. I will come by and by. Shak. Haml. iii. 2. 401. They shall be apprehended by and by. Hen, V. ii. 2. 2. BYWORD, s. a proverb. 2 Chr. 7. 20; Job 17. 6. Is it not a byword, lyke will to lyke? Lyly, Euphues, ed. Arber, p. 48. CABIN, s. a cell. (R. V. cell.) Jer. 37. 16. James 5. 3. CAREFULNESS, s. anxiety, care. Ezek. 12, 18; 1 Cor. 7. 32; 2 Cor. 7. 11. Eat the bread of carefulness. Ps. 127. 3; in the Prayer Book. CARELESS, adj. free from care, secure. Judg. 18. 7; Ezek. 30. 9. In corporal pleasure he, and careless ease. Milton, P. R. iv. 299, As rain on earth that's chapped. Feltham, pt ii. Resolve 19 (Richardson). CHARGE, TO GIVE IN, v. to charge, prescribe. 1 Tim. 5. 7. In the same fashion as you gave in charge. Shak. Temp. v. 8. CHARGEABLE, adj. burdensome, causing expense. 2 Sam. 13. 25; 1 Thess. 2. 9. Suppose we that God... taketh pleasure in chargeable pompe? Hooker, Eccl. Polity, v. 15. CHARGED, pp. burdened, put to expense. 1 Tim. 5. 16. (R.V. burdened.) Not to charge you. Shak. Merry Wives, ii. 2. 171. CHARGER, s. a dish or large plate. Mt. 14. 8; Mk 6. 25. Good armour, chardgers great. Phaer, tr. of Virgil, bk ix. CHARGES, s. pl. cost, expense. Ac. 21. 24; 1 Cor. 9. 7. For costs and charges. Shak. 2 Hen. VI. i. 1. 134. CHARITY, 8. love. 1 Cor. 13. 1, &c. Add love, By name to come call'd charity. Milton, P. L. xii. 584. CHAWES, s. pl. jaws. Ezek. 29. 4; 38. 4. I wyl put an hoke in thy chuwes. Ezek. 29. 4 (ed. 1551). Modern editions have jaws. CHEAP, in phr. 'so good cheap.' 2 Esdras 16. 21. Bon marché, good cheap, dog cheap. Cotgrave, French Dict. (For 'in so good cheap,' i.e. in so good a market.) CHECK, s. reproof, rebuke. Job 20. 3. (R. V. reproof.) To incur a private check. Shak. Oth. iii. 3. 67. CHEER, s. countenance; to be of good cheer, to look joyful or happy. Matt. 9. 2; 14. 27. I prithee, lady, have a better cheer. Shak. All's Well, iii. 2. 67. CHIDE, v. to contend noisily, to quarrel. Ex. 17. 2; Judg. 8. 1; Ps. 103. 9. Now I but chide. Shak. Mid. N. Dr. iii. 2. 45. CHIDING, s. quarrelling. Ex. 17. 7. (R. V. striving.) Not ful of chiding, but temperat. Wyclif, Titus, iii. 2. CHIEFEST, adj. principal. 1 Sam. 2. 29; 9. 22, &c. Employ your chiefest thoughts To courtship. Shak. Merch. Ven. ii, 8. 43. CHODE, pt t. did chide, wrangled. Gen. 31. 36; Nu. COMMENDATION, s. recommendation. 2 Cor. 3. 1. CHOICE, s. the best. Gen. 23. 6. So full replete with choice of all delights. Shak. 1 Hen. VI. v. 5. 17. CHOLER, s. anger. Dan. 8. 7; 11. 11. Throw cold water on thy choler. Shak. Merry Wives, ii. 3. 89. CHURL, s. a miserly person. Isa. 32. 5. O churl drunk all, and left no friendly drop. Shak. Rom. v. 3. 163. CHURLISH, adj. austere, hard, ill-tempered. 1 S. 25. 3. My master is of churlish disposition. Shak. As You Like It. ii. 4. 80. Horman (in Prompt. Parv. p. 65). CIELING, s. wainscotting. 1 Kings 6. 15. To seele, to wainscot, because in old time they used much wainscot for seeling. Minsheu, Dict. ed. 1627. CITHERN, 8. a guitar. 1 Macc. 4. 54. What is this? A cittern-head. Shak. L. L. L. v. 2. 614. CLAVE, pt t. (1) did split. Gen. 22. 3. (2) did cling. Ruth 1. 14. The wal wagged and clef. Langland, P. Pl. B. 18. 61. (The former is also clef, clove; the latter is incorrect, being an error for cleaved.) CLEAN, adj. pure. Ps. 19. 9. And that bright towre, all built of christall clene. Spenser, F. Q. 1. 10. 58. CLEAN, adv. entirely. Jos. 3. 17; Ps. 77. 8; Is. 24. 19. Seven women by him slaine, and eaten clene. Spenser, F. Q. 4. 7. 13. CLEANNESS, s. purity. 2 Sam. 22. 21, 25. A lemman [lover] of al clennesse. Langland, P. Pl. B. 14. 299. CLEAR, adj. innocent. Gen. 24, 8, 41. I am clear from this misdeed. Shak. 3 Hen. VI. iii. 3. 183. CLEAR, v. to acquit. Exod. 34. 7. Well, he in time may come to clear himself. Shak. Meas. v. 1. 150. CLEARNESS, s. brightness. Exod. 24. 10. With angels ful of cleerness and of light. Chaucer, Sec. Non. Tale, 403. CLOSE, adj. secret. 2 S. 22. 46; Ps. 18. 45; Lu. 9. 36. Another secret close intent. Shak. Rich. III. 1. 1. 158. CLOSET, 8. a private room, Joel 2. 16; Mt. 6. 6; Lu. 12. 3. To my closet bring The angry lords. Shak. K. John, iv. 2. 267. CLOUTED, pp. patched. Josh. 9. 5. (See below.) And put My clouted brogues from off my feet. Shak. Cymb. iv. 2. 214. CLOUTS, 8. pl. rags, pieces of cloth. Jer. 38. 11. Or madly think a babe of clouts were he. Shak. K. John, iii. 4. 58. COAST, s. border, region, country. 1S. 5. 6; Mt. 8. 34. Yf thei knew eny contreie or costes aboute Wher that Dowel dwelleth. Langland, P. Pl. C. 11. 12. COAT, s. a woman's gown. Song 5. 3. Isa. (Rosalind says) I could shake them off my coat. Shak As You Like It, i. 3. 16. COCKATRICE, s. a basilisk, a sort of serpent. 11. 8; 14. 29; 59. 5; Jer. 8. 17. (See p. 200.) A cockatrice hast thou hatched to the world. Shak, Rich. III. iv. 1. 55. COCKER, v. to pamper, spoil a child. Ecclus. 30. 9. A cockered silken wanton. Shak. K. John, v. 1. 70. COCKLE, s. a weed that grows amongst corn. Job 31. 40. (See p. 203.) The cockle of rebellion, insolence, sedition, Which we ourselves have ploughed for, sow'd, and scattered. Shak. Cor. iii. 1. 70. COLLOPS, 8. pl. lumps. Job 15. 27. Bacon and colloppes. Langland, P. Pl. C. 16. 67. COLOUR, 8. pretext, pretence. Acts 27. 30. Why hunt I then for colour or excuses? Shak. Lucrece, 267. COME AT, v. to come near, Numb. 6. 6; Dan. 6. 24. Commanded None should come at him. Shak. Wint. Tale, ii. 3. 32. COME BY, to get possession of. Acts 27. 16. (R. V. secure.) How camest thou by this ring? Shak. Two Gent. v. 4. 96. COMELINESS, 8. beauty, seemliness. Isa. 53. 2; Ezek. 16. 14. For no youth can be comely, but by pardon, and considering the youth as to make up the comeliness. Bacon, Essay 43 (Of Beauty). COMELY, adj. becoming, graceful. Ps. 33, 1; Ecc. 5. 18. And [such behaviour] in some persons is not only comely, but gracious. Bacon, Essay 54. COMFORT, v. to strengthen, support. Job 9. 27. Judg. 19. 5; God comfort thy capacity. Shak. L. L. L. iv. 2. 45. COMMEND, v. to recommend, entrust, commit to one's charge. Acts 14. 23. I love you, And durst commend a secret to your ear. Shak. Hen. VIII. v. 1. 17. COMMON, adj. (1) shared in by all men alike. Nu. 16. 29; 1 Sam. 21. 4; Tit. 1. 4. The common enemy of man. Shak. Macb. iii. 1. 69. (2) used by all, and hence considered unclean by a Jew. Acts 10. 14. COMMUNE WITH, v. to converse with, consult with, Gen. 23. 8; Lu. 6. 11. I would commune with you of such things. Shak Meas. iv. 3. 108. COMMUNICATE, v. to impart to; to spare, participate. Gal. 2. 2; Phil. 4. 14. Till be communiente his parts to others. Shak. Troil iii. 3. 117. COMMUNICATION, s. talk, converse, conversation. Lu. 24. 17; Eph. 4. 29. In the way of argument and friendly communication. Shak. Hen, V. iii. 2. 104. COMPACT, pp. as adj. firmly fitted, strongly built. If he compact of jars, grow musical. Shak. As You Like It, ii. 7.5. Ps. 122. 3. COMPANY WITH, v. to associate with. Acts 1. 21; 1 Cor. 5. 9. I am The soldier that did company these three. Shak. Cymb. v. 5. 408. COMPASS, s. circumference, circuit. Exod. 27. 5; 38. 4; 2 Sam. 5. 23; Acts 28. 13. To fetch a compass, to make a circuit, go round. Matt. 23. Gabinius was afraid to take the sea,... and therefore fetched a great compass about by land. Sh. Plutarch, p. 159. COMPASS, v. to go all round or all over. 15. See above. COMPOUND, pp. compounded. Exod. 30. 25. Thus saw I fals and soth, compouned. Chaucer, Ho. Fame, 3. 1018. (A correct form. The R. V. has compounded.) COMPREHEND, v. to take in, include, enclose. Isa. 40. 12. In John 1. 5, the R. V. has apprehended,' and in the margin, 'overcame.' Superiour and inferiour, whose fortunes may comprehend the one the other. Bacon, Essay 48. CONCEIT, s. conception, idea, notion. Prov. 18. 11; Rom. 12. 16. It pusleth and perplexeth the conceits of many. Bacon, Essay 6. CONCERNING; as concerning, as regards. Lev. 4. 26. As concerning some entertainment of time. Shak. L. L. L. v. 1. 125. CONCISION, s. a mangling of the body; a term used in contempt of those schismatics who upheld circumcision. Phil. 3. 2. Se ye houndis, se ye yuele werk-men, se ye dyvysioun. Wyclif's version. CONCLUDE, v. (1) to come to a conclusion, decide; Acts 21. 25. (2) to include, class together; Rom. 11. 32; Gal. 3. 22. The senate have concluded To give this day a crown to mighty Cæsar. Shak. J. Caes. ii. 2. 93. CONCUPISCENCE, s. wantonness, lust. Rom. 7. 8; Col. 3. 5; 1 Thess. 4. 5. For liking of concupiscence... The father so with lustes blente. Gower, Conf. Am. iii. 285. CONEY, s. a rabbit. See CONY. CONFECTION, s. a compound of drugs or spices. Exod. 30. 35. Of such doth the apothecary make a confection. Ecclus, 38. & CONFECTIONARY, s. a confectioner, a maker of sweet compounds. 1 Sam. 8. 13. (See above.) Most of the shops Of the best confectioners in London ransack'd To furnish out a banquet. Massinger, City Madam, ii. 1. 2). CONFER WITH, v. to consult. 1 K. 1. 7; Gal. 1. 16. Did you confer with him? Shak. Rich. III. i. 3. 35, CONFIDENCES, s. pl. objects in which to trust. Jer. CONFOUND, v. to put to confusion, destroy. 2. 37. (A peculiar use.) Jer. So keen and greedy to confound a man. Shak. Mer. Ven. iii. 2. 278 1. 17 (R. V. dismay); Ps. 35. 4; Zech. 10. 5. CONFUSION, s. ruin, destruction. Isa. 24. 10; 34. 11. CONSCIENCE, s. consciousness, knowledge. 1 Cor. So quick bright things come to confusion. Shak. M. N. Dr. i. 1. 149. 8. 7; Heb. 10. 2. Her virtue, and the conscience of her worth. Milton, P. L. 8. 502 CONSENT UNTO, v. fully to agree with, approve of. Acts 8. 1; Rom. 7. 16. The bad revolting stars, That have consented unto Henry's death. Shak. 1 Hen. VI. i. 1. 5. CONSIST, v. to subsist, remain fixed. Col. 1. 17. That excellent use of præmium and pæna, whereby civil states consist. Bacon, Adv. of Learning, 11. xxii. 6, p. 209. CONSORT, v. to associate with. Acts 17. 4. Let's not consort with them. Shak. Macb. ii. 3. 141. CONSORT, s. concert. Ecclus. 32. 5 (ed. 1611). Ay caroling of love and jollity That wonder was to hear their trim consort. Spenser. F. Q. iii. 1. 40. CONSTANTLY, adv. without varying, confidently. Acts 12. 15; Tit. 3. 8. (R. V. confidently.) How much would I do for thy sake, if I cannot constantly bear a secret mischance or grief with thee? Sh. Plutarch, p. 115. CONSULT, v. to consider. Lu. 14. 31. Now part them again, lest they consult about the giving up of some more towns in France. Shak. 2 Hen. VI. iv. 7. 140. CONTAIN, v. to be continent. 1 Cor. 7. 9. have continency.) (R. V. That if they conteynen not hem-silf, be they wedded. Wyclif's version. CONTENT, adj. pleased, satisfied. Judg. 19. 6; 2 Kings 5. 23; 6. 3; Job 6. 28. Be content. Shak. Cymb. v. 4. 102. CONTRARIWISE, adv. on the contrary. 2 Cor. 2. 7; Pro. If it be a sute of controversy. Bacon, Essay 49. CONVENIENT, adj. fitting, suitable, becoming. 30. 8; Rom. 1. 28; Eph. 5. 4. (R. V. fitting.) With all convenient speed. Shak. Mer. Ven. ill. 4. 56. CONVERSANT AMONG or WITH, dwelling with. Josh. 8. 35; 1 Sam. 25. 15. Converser avec, to converse, or to be much conversant, associate, or keep much company with. Cotgrave, French Dict. CONVERSATION, s. (1) behaviour. Gal. 1. 13; Eph. 2. 3; Phil. 1. 27; &c. (2) disposition. Heb. 13. 5. (3) citizenship (R. V.). Phil. 3. 20. When he saw her sweet conversation and pleasant entertainment, Sh. Plutarch, p. 86. CONVERT, v. intr. to be converted. Isa. 6. 10. Let grief Convert to anger. Shak, Macb, iv 3. 229. CONVINCE, v. (1) to convict. John 8. 46. (R. V. convict.) Shortly after her daughter... was also convinced of the same crime. Sh. Plutarch, p. 269. (2) to refute by argument. Job 32. 12; Acts 18. 28; Tit, 1. 9. Or that persuasion could but thus convince me. Shak. Troil. iii. 2. 171. CONVOCATION, s. assembly. Ex. 12. 16; Lev. 23. 7. Our spiritual convocation. Shak. Hen V. i. 1. 76. CONY, s. a rabbit. Lev. 11. 5; Deut. 14. 7; Ps. 104. 18; Prov. 30. 26. (See p. 197.) And sometimes where earth-delving conies keep. Shak. Venus, 687. CORN, s. a grain. John 12. 24. A corn of whete. Chaucer, Pard. Tale, 863. CORPSE, 8. body. 2 Kings 19. 35. Where the dead corpse of Bassianus lay. Shak. Titus, v. 1. 105. CORRUPT, v. to cause to decay. Matt. 6. 19. Where ruste and moughte destrieth [destroy]. Wyclif's version. COTES, s. pl. huts, sheds or folds for sheep, &c. (R. V. folds.) 2 Chr. 32. 28. And learnd of lighter timber cotes to frame, Such as might save my sheepe and me fro shame. Spenser, Sh. Kal. Dec. 77, COUCH, v. to lie, lie down. Deut. 33. 13. Couch we awhile, and mark. Shak. Haml, v. 1. 245. COUNT, v. to account, reckon. Isa. 5. 28; Ja. 5. 11. Willing to be counted wise. Shak. L. L. L. ii. 1. 18. COUNT, s. account, reckoning. Exod. 12. 4. By my count, I was your mother much upon these years. Shak. Rom. i. 3. 71. COUNTERVAIL, v. to counterbalance. Esth. 7. 4. (R. V. have compensated for.) And him with equall valew countervayld. Spenser, F. Q. ii. 6. 29. COURSE, BY, in due order. 1 Cor. 14. 27. (R. V. in turn.) So also out of course, out of order. Ps. 82. 5, In the true course of ail the question. Shak. Much Ado, v. 4. 6. COUSIN, s. a kinsman or kinswoman. Lk. 1. 36, 58. Cousins, you know what you have to do. Shak. Much Ado, i. 2. 25. COVENANT, v. to agree, make an agreement, Matt, 26. 15; Lu. 22. 5. It was cove naunted that the Romans shoulde præfixe Sabine names before their owne. Camden, Remaines: On Surnames. COVERT, 8. a shelter, hiding-place. 1 Sam. 25. 20; Job 38. 40. So hipocrisie draweth neer to religion for covert and hyding it-selfe Bacon, Colours of Good and Evil, sec. 7. flour. Cotgrave, French Dict. COVET, v. to desire, wish for. 1 Cor. 12. 31; 14. 39. But if it be a sin to covet honour. Shak. Hen, V. iv. 3. 28. CRACKNEL, s. a crisp cake or biscuit. 1 K. 14. 3. Craquelin, a cracknell, made of the yolks of eggs, water, and CRAFT, 8. handicraft. (R.V. trade.) Acts 18. 3; 19. 27. CRAFTSMAN, s. an artisan, skilled workman. Deut. 27. 15; 1 Chron. 4. 14; Acts 19. 24. Their desire is in the work of their craft. Ecclus. 33. 34. Wooing poor craftsmen with the craft of smiles. CRAVE, v. to ask for. Mark 15. 43. CREATURE, s. a created thing. Rom. 1. 25; 8. 19; 1 Tim. 4. 4; Jam. 1. 18. Cf. creation in Rom. 8. 22; the R. V. has creation in Rom. 8. 19. For other creature in this place, Living or lifeless, to be found was none. Milton, P. L. 3. 442, CREDENCE, s. credit, belief. Ps. 106. 24 (P.B.). There is a credence in my heart. Shak. Troil. v. 2. 120. CRIB, s. a manger for cattle. Job 39. 9; Isa. 1. 3. Caldeliche dennet [coldly housed] in a beastes crible. Wohung of ure Lauerd, p. 277. CRISPING-PINS, s. pl. curling-irons for the hair. Isa. 3. 22. (R. V. satchels.) Those crisped snaky golden locks. Shak. Mer. Ven. iii. 2. 92. CRUSE, s. a pot, small vessel for liquids. 1 Kings 14. 3; 2 Kings 2. 20. Crowse, or cruse, potte. Prompt. Parv. CUMBER, v. to encumber, occupy uselessly. Lu. 13. 7. Cumbered, pp. troubled, too much occupied. Lu. 10. 40. Let it not cumber your better remembrance. Shak. Timon iii. 6, 52. CUMBRANCE, s. encumbrance, troublesomeness. Deut. 1. 12. Colde care and combraunce is come to us alle. CUNNING, s. skill, art. A carpenter's desert Stands CUNNING, adj. skilful. Langland, P. Pl. C. 21. 278. 1 Kings 7. 14; Ps. 137. 5. more in cunning than in power. Chapman, tr of Homer. 11. 23. Gen. 25. 27; 1 Sam. 16. 16. So cunning in fence. Shak. Tw. Nt, iii. 4. 312. CURIOUS, adj. (1) artfully wrought, richly made, embroidered. Exod. 28 8; 35. 32. The curious workmanship of nature. Shak. Venus, 734. (2) magical. Acts 19. 19. The Queen mother, who was given to curious arts, caused the King her husbands Nativitie to be calculated. Bacon, Essay 35. CUSTOM, s. tribute, tax, toll. Ezra 4. 13; Mt. 9. 9. He set down an order for custom, eased the customers [tax gatherers]; &c. Sh. Plutarch, p. 247. DAM, s. the mother-bird. Deut. 22. 6. It is the complexion of them all [i. e. of all birds] to leave the dam. Shak. Mer. Ven. iii. 1. 33. DAMN, v. to judge, condemn. Mark 16. 16; 2 Thess. 2. 12. In Rom. 14. 23 (R.V. condemned) it refers solely to temporal judgement. Perform't, or else we damn thee. Shak. Ant. i. 1. 24. DAMNABLE, adj. leading to condemnation, destructive. 2 Pet. 2. 1. (R.V. destructive.) The deed you undertake is dumnable [i. e. deserves damnation]. Shak. Rich. III. i. 4. 197. DAMNATION, s. condemnation. Rom. 3. 8; 13. 2; 1 Cor. 11. 29; 1 Tim. 5. 12; 2 Pet. 2. 3; &c. In 1 Cor. 11. 29 in particular (where the R. V. has judgement), the reference is to self-condemnation, such as should lead to self-examination; and there is no reference in this passage to eternal perdition. In Macbeth, the sense is 'crime.' His virtues Will plead like angels, trumpet-tongued, against The deep damnation of his taking-off. Shak. Macb. i. 7. 20. In 2 Pet. 2. 3, the sense intended is 'destruction.' DAMSEL (spelt damosell in ed. 1611). Dt. 22, 15, &c. Th' adventure of the errant damozell. Spenser, F. Q. ii. 1. 19. DANDLE, v. to toss, as a child. Isa. 66. 12. Nature and his Parents alike dandle him. DANGER. In the phr. in danger of the judgement; i.e. liable to the judgement, liable to be condemned. Matt. 5. 22. In Chaucer, in daunger means to be 'in one's power to punish.' Earle, Microcosmographie, p. 21. In daunger hadde he at his owne gyse The yonge girles of the diocyse. Chaucer, Prol. to C. T. 665. Ps. 22. 20; 35. 17. DARLING, 8. beloved one. David, Godes derling. Langland, P. Pl. A. 12. 19. DAYSMAN, s. arbitrator, arbiter, umpire. Job 9. 33. That mak'st thyselfe his dayesman, to prolong The vengeance prest? Spenser, F. Q. ii. 8. 28 DAYSPRING, s. dawn, daybreak, sunrise. Job 38. 12; Lu. 1. 78. For what art thou |