An Analytical Model of the Hydraulic Aspects of Stomatal Dynamics

3-D model analog model aperture coefficient assumed b₁ boundary layer calculated cell osmotic potential cell volume changes cell wall water cell water CO₂ CO2 concentration Cowan cutinization decreases diffusion DISP INITIAL effects eigenvalues end correction equation equilibrium point Farquhar feedback function GOTO guard and subsidiary guard cell osmotic guard cell pressure hydraulic conductivity hydraulic network hydrostatic pressures I=FNF I=FNO increases INPUT J₁ leaf conductance leaf water potential limit cycle linearized matal Meidner mesophyll cells metabolic minutes mm/s motor phase Nobel nonlinear osmotic forcing term parameters Penning de Vries perturbations plant resistance Plant Set plasmolysis Raschke simulated opening stability Step Changes stomatal aperture stomatal movements Stomatal opening stomatal oscillations stomatal system stress phase subsidiary cells three-dimensional model tion transpirational flux turgor pressure two-dimensional model Unstable Values wall water potential water fluxes water movement water vapor wet cell wall xylem zero