Elements of Mental Philosophy: Embracing the Two Departments of the Intellect and the Sensibilities, Volume 1

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Matter and mind have uniform and fixed laws
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This primary truth not founded on reasoning
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IMMATERIALITY OF THE MIND 14 On the meaning of the terms material and immaterial
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Difference between mind and matter shown from language 16 Their different nature shown by their respective properties 17 The souls immateriality ...
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The great works of genius an evidence of immateriality
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The doctrine of materiality inconsistent with future existence 36 37
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LAWS OF BElief 24 Of belief its degrees and its sources 25 Of suggestion consciousness and the senses as grounds of belief
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Memory and testimony considered as sources of belief
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Objection to reliance on testimony
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Of relative suggestion as a ground of belief
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Of reasoning as a ground or law of belief
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GENERAL CLASSIFICATION
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Evidence of the general arrangement from consciousness
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Evidence of the same from the terms found in different languages 33 Evidence from incidental remarks in writers
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Further proof from various writers on the mind
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Classification of the intellectual states of the mind 112444
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DIVISION FIRST THE INTELLECT OR UNDERSTANDING INTELLECTIVE OR INTELLECTUAL STATES OF THE MIND PART FIRST THE ...
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ORIGIN OF KNOWLEDGE IN GENERAL 36 Connexion of the mind with the material world
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Of the origin or beginnings of knowledge
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Our first knowledge in general of a material or external origin
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Further proof of the beginnings of knowledge from external causes
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The same subject further illustrated
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Subject illustrated from the case of James Mitchell
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Illustration from the case of Caspar Hauser
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Of connatural or innate knowledge
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The doctrine of innate knowledge not susceptible of proof
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On the sensations of heat and cold
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Relation between the sensation and what is outwardly signified
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Statement of the mode or process in visual perception
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The idea of extension not originally from sight
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The connexion between the mental and physical change not sus ceptible of explanation 52 Of the meaning and nature of perception
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Of the secondary qualities of matter
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Of the nature of mental powers or faculties
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THE SENSES OF SMELL AND TASTE 56 Nature and importance of the senses as a source of knowledge
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Of the connexion of the brain with sensation and perception
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Order in which the senses are to be considered
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Of the sense and sensation of smell
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Design and uses of the senses of smell and taste
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THE SENSE OF HEARING 63 Organ of the sense of hearing
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Nature of sonorous bodies and the medium of the communication of sound
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Varieties of the sensation of sound
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Manner in which we learn the place of sounds
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Application of these views to the art of ventriloquism
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Uses of hearing and its connexion with oral language
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THE SENSE OF TOUCH 69 Of the sense of touch and its sensations in general
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Idea of externality suggested in connexion with the touch Page 222282822885
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Of the knowledge of the figure of bodies by the sight 81 Measurements of magnitude by the
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Of the estimation of distances by sight
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Of conceptions attended with a momentary belief
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Conceptions which are joined with perceptions
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CHRIS 91
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Doctrine of the nonexistence of matter considered
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The senses as much grounds of belief as other parts of our con stitution
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Of habit in relation to the smell
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Of habit in relation to the taste
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Of habit in relation to the hearing
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Of certain universal habits based on sounds
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Application of habit to the touch
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Other striking instances of habits of touch
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Habits considered in relation to the sight
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Of habits as modified by particular callings or arts
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The law of habit considered in reference to the perception of the outlines and forms of objects
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Notice of some facts which favour the above doctrine 110 Additional illustrations of Mr Stewarts doctrine
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MUSCULAR HABITS 111 Instances in proof of the existence of muscular habits
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Muscular habits regarded by some writers as involuntary
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Objections to the doctrine of involuntary muscular habits
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CONCEPTIONS 114 Meaning and characteristics of conceptions
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Of conceptions of objects of sight
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Page
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Of the senses sinking to sleep in succession
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SIMPLICITY AND COMPLEXNESS OF MENTAL STATES 121 Conceptions as connected with fictitious representations
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Origin of the distinction of simple and complex
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Nature and characteristics of simple mental states 124 Simple mental states not susceptible of definition 125 Simple mental states representative of a re...
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Supposed complexness without the antecedence of simple feelings
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The precise sense in which complexness is to be understood
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Illustrations of analysis as applied to the mind
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Complex notions of external origin
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Of objects contemplated as wholes
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Something more in external objects than mere attributes or qual ities
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Imperfections of our complex notions of external objects
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CHAP XII
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Instances of particular abstract ideas
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Mental process in separating and abstracting them
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Of generalizations of particular abstract mental states
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Of the importance and uses of abstraction
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GENERAL ABSTRACT IDEAS 139 General abstract notions the same with genera and species 140 Process in classification or the forming of genera ...
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Early classifications sometimes incorrect
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Illustration of our earliest classifications
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Of the nature of general abstract ideas
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Objection sometimes made to the existence of general notions
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The power of general abstraction in connexion with numbers
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Of general abstract truths or principles 147 Of the speculations of philosophers and others
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Of different opinions formerly prevailing
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Of the opinions of the Realists
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Of the opinions of the Nominalists 151 Of the opinions of the Conceptualists
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Further remarks of Brown on general abstractions
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OF ATTENTION 153 Of the general nature of attention
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Alleged inability to command the attention
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Dreams are often caused by our sensations
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Of the influence of habit on our conceptions 161
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Second cause of the incoherency of dreams
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Apparent reality of dreams 1st cause
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Apparent reality of dreams 2d cause
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Of our estimate of time in dreaming
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VII Of relations of cause and effect
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Of complex terms involving the relation of cause and effect
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Remarks on instituted or conventional relations
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Connexion of relative suggestion or judgment with reasoning CHAP V ASSOCIATION PRIMARY LAWS
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Reasons for considering this subject here
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Meaning of association and illustrations
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Of the general laws of association
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Secondary law of repetition or habit
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Knowledge begins in the senses but has internal accessions
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Instances of notions which have an internal origin
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The foregoing law as applicable to the sensibilities
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Imperfections attendant on classifications in mental philosophy
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Association sometimes misleads our judgments
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Origin of the idea of externality
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Characteristic marks of the notion of space
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On the compatibility of strong memory and good judgment
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CONSCIOUSNESS 196 Consciousness the second source of internal knowledge its nature
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Of committing to writing as a means of aiding the memory
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Occasions on which feelings of relation may arise
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Of high and low notes in music
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Connexion of the ideas of extension and colour
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Tendency of the mind to pass from the sign to the thing signified
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Whether there be heat in fire
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DURATION OF MEMORY Page
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Benefit of examining such connexions of thought
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Power of the will over mental associations
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Association controlled by indirect voluntary power 244 Further illustrations of indirect voluntary power CHAP VIII MEMORY
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Of philosophic memory or that species of memory which is based on other relations than those of contiguity
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Further illustrations of philosophic memory
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Of that species of memory called intentional recollection
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Instance illustrative of the preceding
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Other instances of quickened mental action and of a restoration of thoughts 265 Effect on the memory of a severe attack of fever 331
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Application of the principles of this chapter to education
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First cause of permanently vivid conceptions or apparitions Morbid sensibility of the retina of the
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Connexion of this doctrine with the final judgment and a future life
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REASONING 269 Reasoning a source of ideas and knowledge
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Illustrations of the value of the reasoning power
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Definition of reasoning and of propositions
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Process of the mind in all cases of reasoning
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Grounds of the selection of propositions
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Of disordered or alienated sensations
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Reasoning implies the existence of antecedent or assumed propo sitions 275 Of reasoning ą priori 276 Of reasoning ą posteriori 277 Of reasoning ą f...
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Disordered state or insanity of original suggestion
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Unsoundness or insanity of consciousness
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Insanity of the judgment or relative suggestion
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Disordered or alienated association Lightheadedness
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Illustrations of this mental disorder
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Of partial insanity or alienation of the memory
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Of the power of reasoning in the partially insane
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Instance of the above form of disordered reasoning
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Of the subjects of demonstrative reasoning
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Use of definitions and axioms in demonstrative reasoning
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The opposites of demonstrative reasonings absurd
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Demonstrations do not admit of different degrees of belief
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Of the use of diagrams in demonstrations
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Of signs in general as connected with reasoning
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Of the influence of demonstrative reasoning on the mental char 357 358 359 360 361 acter
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Further considerations on the influence of demonstrative reasoning
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MORAL REASONING 289 Of the subjects and importance of moral reasoning
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Of the nature of moral certainty
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Of reasoning from analogy
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Caution to be used in reasoning from analogy
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Of reasoning by induction 367 368
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Of the caution necessary in inductive processes
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Of instances or experiments in inductive reasoning termed instan tię crucis
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Of combined or accumulated arguments
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PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS IN REASONING 297 Rules relating to the practice of reasoning 298 Of being influenced in reasoning by a love of the tr...
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Care to be used in correctly stating the subject of discussion
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Consider the kind of evidence applicable to the subject
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Reject the aid of false arguments or sophisms
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Fallacia equivocationis or the use of equivocal terms and phrases
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On the sophism of estimating actions and character from the cir cumstances of success merely
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Of adherence to our opinions
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Effects on the mind of debating for victory instead of truth CHAP XIV IMAGINATION
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Imagination an intellectual process closely related to reasoning
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Definition of the power of imagination
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Process of the mind in the creations of the imagination
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Remarks on the general nature of memory 246 Of memory as a ground or law of belief 247 Of differences in the strength of memory 248 Of circum...
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Feelings of sympathy aided by the imagination
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Of complex ideas of external origin
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Nature of complex ideas of internal origin 323 Of complex notions formed by the repetition of the same thing
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Of the help afforded by names in the combination of numbers
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Instances of complex notions made up of different simple ideas
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Not the same internal complex ideas in all languages
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Origin of the complex notion of a Supreme Being
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Section DIVISION FIRST THE INTELLECT OR UNDERSTANDING INTELLECTIVE OR INTELLECTUAL STATES OF THE MIND PART THI...
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CHAP ICONNEXION OF THE MIND AND BODY 399 400 400 401 402 404 406 Page 411 328 Disordered intellectual action connected with the ...
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The mind constituted on the principle of a connexion with the body
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Illustration of the subject from the effects of old
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The connexion of the bodily system with the mental shown from the effects resulting from diseases
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Shown also from the effects of stimulating drugs and gases
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Influence on the body of excited imagination and passion
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This doctrine of use in explaining mental phenomena
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EXCITED CONCEPTIONS OR APPARITIONS 335 Of excited conceptions and of apparitions in general
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Of the less permanent excited conceptions of sight
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Of the less permanent excited conceptions of sound
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TOTAL INSANITY OR DELIRIUM 359 Idea of total insanity or delirium
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Of perception in cases of total or delirious insanity 361 Of association in delirious insanity
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Illustration of the above section
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Of the memory in connexion with delirious insanity
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Of the power of reasoning in total or delirious insanity
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Of the form of insanity called furor or madness 366 Of the causes of the different kinds of insanity 367 Of moral accountability in mental alienation ...
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