lefs than a minute, three or four horns of ftrong brine were poured into her. She immediately run on to the Common, and took a circuit of about a minute:when he came in, I fancied that her off-fide began to fink.-I poured down three or four horns morefill keeping her running. When one man was tired, another res lieved him :-She prefently began to dung, with other obvious figns of amendment. I then gave her a little more brine, with a small quantity of black pepper in it,-keeping her gently stirring.-She was almoft tired;-her belly now began to fink on the near fide,fhe breathed more freely,-and ftaled and dunged profufely.-In ten minutes he began to chew her cud.-I kept her in the houfe all night,-fhe fweat profufely,-and this morning the is perfectly well.

On examining the matter thrown up, I found it to be phlegm and cabbages.-I was totally at a lofs for the caufe, before I faw this; for the had not been in, nor near any clover, or other fucculent herbage. A fledge-load of cabbages had been brought into the yard for the ftore-hogs ;-the cows fell greedily upon them, and this was no doubt the effect.

The faving of the cow does not please me more, than the fimplicity of the core *:-it may be the faving of many. I do not attribute it wholly to the SALT AND WATER hor wholly to the running -but to both.-With This alone fhe grew worse :-That, perhaps, would not have operated fo quickly, without the exercife.-The rapidity of the effect was aftonishing;-it could not be five minutes between the first dofe, and the first discharge by ftool.

The dofe was three or four handfuls of falt to about three pints of water. This was given the two firft times;-the laft was the fame proportion, with about half an ounce of pepper :-of this the had three or four horns. But I believe the first cured her.'

Our Author's obfervations on experimenting, may be of ftill more general utility:

• November 17, 1776. Laft autumn, I made feveral experiments in K. 4. on top dreffing for wheat harrowed in with the feed. But, fhame on me! I neglected at harvest to make an accurate obfervation on the refult.-It is true, I took curfory views during the fummer, but never counted the lands,-never traced the lines till to-day. And altho' the ftrength and rankness of the stubble be fome guide, the experiments are by no means fo decifive as they would have been by a rigid obfervation at harvest.

-

Meliorations.-The foil, a poor clay, once plowed after beans; and the crop upon the whole very bad. However, it is ftill obvious, that eighty bushels of foot an-acre are rather better than nothing! Fifty bushels of dry wood ashes are likewife beneficial; but eighty bushels of flaked lime, whether hot or cold, nor twenty loads of rough gravel, are of very little if any benefit to the prefent crop.

• The time of Sowing was from the 10th to the 20th of November; and this feems to have had as much influence as the manure; for a part fown the tenth without dreffing, feems nearly equal to its contiguous part dreffed with eighty bushels of foot an acre, and fown the

* The Writer has fince learnt, that this is not a new, but a wellknown remedy.

鳥

fixteenth:

fixteenth and the crop from one fide of the field to the other, bears an affinity to the time of fowing:-It must be remembered, however, that it was begun in dry, and ended in wet weather.

The quantity of feed, too, was very obfervable.-Part was fown with two and a half bufhels, part with five bushels an-acre. This during winter and Spring, promised for a crop; while That had not nearly plants enough, had even the foil been in heart. But at barweft (this I particularly obferved), the fuperiority was by no means fo obvious: for tho' the number of straws were at leaft treble, the number of grains did not bear the like proportion; for the ears of the thin-fown were at least twice the length of thofe of the thickfown. However, at harvest, the thick-fown had the preference; and I am of opinion, that had there been from three bushels to three bushels and a half an acre fown throughout the field, inftead of two and-a-half, the crop would have been confiderably better: and if ever again I fow wheat in November, it shall be with at least three bushels an acre; except the weather be very fine indeed: if cold and wet, from three to four.

I dare not draw any general conclufions from thefe experiments; except that foot harrowed in with the feed is of fome, but very little fervice to wheat on clay: That fifty bushels of dry wood-afhes at 4d. is nearly equal to eighty bushels of foot at 7d: That eighty bufhels an acre of flaked lime harrowed-in with the feed is of no obvious fervice to wheat on clay: and that it is unpardonable management to fow wheat on clay in the middle of November.

Nor have I a firm reliance even on thefe. And again I fay, fye for fhame, to neglect so many accurate experiments; for I never took more pains to make, nor lefs to obferve the refult of any, than thofe of K. 4. And yet thofe of K. 4. are not the only experiments I have neglected. Indeed I have always found a greater amufement in laying the foundation, than in carrying on, or finishing an experiment. -This is a reflection which infers a degree of indolence that hurts me very much.

• Let me endeavour to difcover the fource of this neglect. My attention has been engaged by the more immediately neceffary Minutiæ of Farming; and by erections, difcumbering, &c. &c. This, I apprehend, is the principal fource; but it is not the only one: I have never had any method of making experiments. I have ufually made a memorandum of them in the rough field accounts: fometimes those memorandums have been accurate and full; fometimes part has been left to the memory.-In this cafe, the space of time between feed-time and harveft was fure to obliterate it; and even those minuted fully, were fo fcattered in the field-accounts, that many of them efcaped notice, until it was too late.-Befides, a book is too unportable to be carried about in common; and, on a fcattered farm, it would take up a great deal of time to give Special attendance to every ftage of every experiment.

Another cause of neglect was, I made too many, and made them too confufed: It was quite a piece of business to attend to their refults.

In order to obviate thefe inconveniences;-to divert the neglect ; and to render, as much as poffible, EXPERIMENTING amufive; I have refolved henceforward to efteem it an OBJECT OF IMPORTANCE;

-and

—and to make no experiment but where there is a great probability of its being decifive. And to make the obfervance of the refults rather entertaining than tedious, I have adopted this method of experimenting.

Instead of making a Memorandum in the check, or the field-accounts, I have opened a fpecial

REGISTER OF EXPERIMENTS.

The Procefs. -26. SEP. 1776.Two lands next to the road; from the winding part of the road upwards, dry; the reft of the field pickled,

-2 Nov. 1776.Ten lands in the

were plowed the 18th

In P. 3.

totally free from mut.

-24. Aug. 1777

The ten lands in the

middle of the ley-part FLUTING FOR WHEAT. middle, are very perIs it better to flute ceptibly the strongest tale and best crop; and the cleaneit quondal.

of Sept. the out-fides, the fresh or the
the 23d. of Oa. The plit?
whole fluted, and fown

promifcuously the 2d.
of Nov.

-31. JULY, 1777-

Shook the whole field into cocklits, while quite wet; except three Swaths.

The stale plit.

Befides this bookal register, I have afcertained the locality of the experiments by ftumps; fo that I have one register at home, and another in the field. If an obvious difference prefents itself, a ftump is. at band to tell me the caufe: whereas, without it, I fhould have to go home to my books, and back to the field, to reckon the lands, before I could be fatisfied; and ten-to-one forgetfulness, or fome more immediately neceffary business would render the observation to tally void.

The trouble attending thefe ftumps is trifling: any offal-ftick the thickness of a ftake, and eighteen inches long, anfwers the purpose. -I sharpen one end, and fatten each fide of the other.-The flat fides I chalk, to prevent the ink from running, and on this abbreviate the experiment; and, in arable fields, ftick them by the fide of the cross furrow, which I make wide enough to walk in *.

* Paint would be preferable to ink, which is eafily washed out by the rains; or, perhaps, parchment-labels would be ftill better. EXPERI

EXPERIMENTING is a very serious Operation; and, without due CIRCUMSPECTION, a very dangerous Tranfaction: nor is it one, nor two, but a series of fimilar refults that amount to CERTAINTY.

The WEATHER, MANURE, TILLAGE, SEED, &c. &c. &c. are joint agents of FACTITIOUS VEGETISION + and on them jointly depends the goodness or badnefs of crops; and confequently to draw a just inference, their joint influence must be attended to.-Nor is their agency annual, nor certain; it may continue one, two, three, or more years: therefore, a cautious RETROSPECT is neceffary, before an experiment be made; and when once made, the fame fpot ought to be avoided until its influence be intirely worn-out.'

We muft, for the prefent, take leave of our ingenious Author, but in our next Review, fhall felect fome other paffages equally inftructive, for the information and entertainment o our readers.

The procefs of Nature, affifted by Art which raises elementary to vegetable fubitances.

ART. VIII. Original Papers; with an Authentic State of the Proof and Proceedings before the Coroner's Inqueft, which was affembled at Madras, on the Death of Lord Pigot, May 11, 1777; likewife the fubfequent Proofs and Proceedings before the Juftices at Madras, with the Opinions of the Judges of the Supreme Court of Judicature in Bengal. To the whole are fubjoined, The Defence of Mr. Stratton, and the other Members of Council, accufed by the Verdict of the Coroner's Inqueft; and the feparate Defence of Brigadier General Stuart; for himself and the Military under his command, &c. 4to. 4s. fewed. Cadell. 1778. N the Review for January, 1778, we gave an account of a very confiderable tract, entitled A Defence of Lord Pigot in which performance, the Author powerfully pleaded the caufe of the deceafed CHIEF, with refpect to his differences with a majority of the council of Madras, in confequence whereof, his Lordship was put under an arreft,-from which he was only fet free by DEATH, the general jail-deliverer of all prifoners and captives, from the GREAT rogue in the Tower, to the little one at the Old Bailey.

IN

In a fubfequent Review *, we alfo, impartially, recommended, on the other fide of the queftion, An Inquiry into the Conduct of Lord Pigot, in which the tide of argument (backed by authentic vouchers,) ran ftrongly in favour of the gentlemen who had acted in oppofition to his lordship; carrying along with it, a large fhare of the public opinion.

We have now before us, a complete ftate of the whole proceedings at Madras, &c. as above mentioned, in our fullJength copy of the ample title-page, prefixed to thefe Original Papers. This is a curious publication. It recites, I. All the

particulars of the judicial inquiry into the cause of Lord Pigot's death, which was fet on foot by the friends and adherents of the noble perfon deceased; in confequence of which, a verdict of wilful murder was given by the coroner's jury, against the gentlemen of the council, and others, who were concerned in the arreft and confinement of his Lordship on which the parties were taken into cuftody, in order to their being brought to trial, &c.

II. We are prefented with all the fubfequent proceedings, in confequence of which, the abovementioned verdict was fet afide, and the prosecution totally quafhed *.-In the conclufion, we have, at large, the very full and elaborate defences, which had been prepared by the gentlemen accufed; and on which they intended to reft the whole merits of their cause, had the tr.al taken place:-and which they had earneftly wished might take place, that they might have an opportunity of publicly refuting the charge, on the fpot where the tranfactions had happened, and where they could appeal to so many witnesses of their conduct.'-These defences are now made public, for the fatisfaction of the inquiring world, and to ferve as a full vindication of the whole conduct of thofe members of the council, who, as they fet forth, were not only obliged to act as they did, by the Company's inftructions, but forcibly driven, by Lord P.'s violence and defpotifm, to wreft from him the power of fubverting the conftitution of government legally established, for the support of the British interest in that part of the globe.

With refpect to the uniformity and confiftency of orders and inftructions, from the Company, at different times, to their fervants in India, this may be a very important object of inquiry. If it fhould appear, that the refolutions at home, are fo confufedly framed, as to occafion disorder abroad, it is, furely, high time that these matters fhould be thoroughly reformed, and the fyftem better digefted.-In our account of the Inquiry, &c. above referred to, we exhibited a remarkable inftance of contrariety in the Company's inftructions,—in the very point on which the difpute between Lord Pigot and the council turned.

* It was declared by the Justices of the Court of Seffion, at Madras, in conformity with the unanimous opinion of the Judges of the Supreme Court of Judicature in Bengal," That the proceedings [under the form of a Coroner's Inqueft] were irregular, and contrary to law;" and it was " accordingly refolved, that the whole be quashed, and laid afide."-The Judges of the Supreme Court here referred to, were E. IMPEY, ROBERT CHAMBERS, S. C. LE MAISTRE, and JOHN HYDE. Their opinion is given, at length, in this publication.

ART.