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THE RAILWAY TO OREGON.

WE have before us the report of the committee on Public Lands made to the United States Senate on the subject of a railway from the Mississippi to the Pacific Ocean.

This project has assumed a new importance since the late treaty with Great Britain has assured to us the possession of Southern Oregon, and left us at liberty to form permanent agricultural and commercial settlements in the country without disturbance or question. That the future trade of this country, perhaps we might say the trade of Europe, with China, will find its passage through Oregon, we have no manner of doubt. A dense and active population, seated on the harbors of the Pacific, in a climate the most favorable to activity and industry, will make themselves the masters of that great commerce and scatter the products of Eastern Asia over our continent. There will then be no further occasion for doubling the Cape of Good Hope or tempting the storms of Cape Horn, nor even for the shorter passage across the isthmus of Panama. This commerce, however, must have the usual means of transportation by water or railway.

The tributary rivers of the Missouri and the Columbia, although approaching to each other on the opposite sides of the Rocky Mountains, yet offer a very imperfect means of transportation by boats, and ascend into elevated and cold regions far to the north, where they are frozen for a considerable part of the year. Nature has meanwhile provided, in the South Pass, as it is called, an opening through the chain of mountains which divides the immense valley of the Mississippi and its tributaries from the region drained by the rivers which flow into the Pacific. This passage ascends from the east and descends to the west so gradually and imperceptibly, that art itself could scarcely have levelled the mountain ranges in a more perfect manner to form the basis of a railway.

ously opposed are, that the means relied upon are not adequate to the end, and that, after the work shall have been completed, there will not be suffi cient transportation to keep such an immense length of railway in proper repair. As to the first of these points the committee say:

"Those means are to be derived from the sale of the public lands already acquired, and to be acquired by the extinguishment of the Indian title, to the breadth of thirty miles on each side of the road, extending from Lake Michigan to the shores of the Pacific."

"Through a considerable extent of the route the land is said to be unsuitable for settlement and cultivation, and could not, therefore, be expected to sell. But for about 700 miles from the eastern terminus, the lands are said to be of good quality, though for the most part destitute of timber, and would readily sell at $1.25 per acre, if the road be made; which, estimating that there would be 26,800,000 acres, would produce the sum of $33,500,000. Calculating that in the 1,483 miles, from the South Pass to the mouth of the Columbia, 1,000 miles of that distance would be found of sufficient value, in consequence of the construction of the road, to command the same price, (and it is believed that the value of agricultural productions, connected with the water-power to be found there for manufacturing purposes, fully justifies this estimate,) there would be 38,400,000 acres, which would amount to $48,000,000; and together these sums would amount to $81,500,000, without considering of any value the intermediate distance of 1,113 miles, forming an area of 42,739,200 acres of land; but which, taking it at the worst, must have at least some verdant and valuable spots, which would become desirable for small settlements, and as depots for the use of the road and for commodities and productions of intersecting veins or lateral channels of trade and commerce. The length of the proposed road being 2,630 miles, and the estiThe project brought before Congress by Mr. mate for its construction, according to Colonel Whitney, on which the committee make their re- Abert, being $20,000 per mile, the probable cost port, only anticipates what must inevitably happen. would be $52,600,000, leaving an estimated surThe South Pass is the channel of a great future plus for repairs, and to keep the parts in operation commerce, and the means of transportation, at some until the whole is completed, of $28,900,000. period or other, will be a railway. The new com- This would appear, on full reflection, to be a modmunities on the Pacific, with their Asiatic com- erate and safe calculation; and, moreover, the commerce, must and will possess this mode of commu-mittee have reason to believe that, from the exciting nication with the Atlantic states, the seat of Euro-interest which would not fail to surround this underpean commerce. The question before Congress is, whether it is not more expedient to offer, at the present time, facilities for building the railway; whether the channel for this future commerce could not now be most cheaply and easily provided, and with a certain and almost immediate increase of the national prosperity.

The report which was presented to the senate by Mr. Breese, of Illinois, is decidedly in favor of the project, and we understand that it was agreed upon unanimously by the committee. It discusses severally the questions whether Congress has the power to offer the facilities in question, whether the construction of the railway is practicable, whether the means which it is proposed to apply are adequate to the end, and what will be the effect of its construction. The question of constitutionality will not, we suppose, be attended with much difficulty. The practicability of the work the committee consider as settled by the observations of Colonel Fremont, and other practical men familiar with the route along which it is to pass. The two grounds on which the project will probably be most strenu

taking, when once begun, the pressure for acquisition and investments in the fertile part of these lands, and in the vicinity of so extensive a work, would place their value at least at the minimum price of the public lands. The committee, therefore, incline to believe that the means proposed are abundantly sufficient for the end in view.'

The question of the benefits of the railway and the extent to which it will be used, occupies a large portion of the report, and the committee seem to have labored this part of the subject with a good deal of care. We have space at present only for one of the remaining topics on which the report touches:

"Another powerful consideration in favor of the proposed road the committee will advert to. It is the probability of the occurrence, that as the Territory of Oregon, now so distant from us, fills up with an enterprising and industrious people from the several states, they will attract to them settlers from different parts of Europe, all wishing to share in the benefits of our free government, and claiming its protecting care, which cannot be enjoyed or be

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stowed in full measure by reason of the difficulty a "card" that "he will spare no pains in extricatof access by land and by water. apprehension seems then to exist, that, unless some call." Favor him with a call! Yes, I think he A well grounded ing the teeth of those who will favor him with a means like the one proposed, of rapid communica-stands fair, if his assurances hold good, to be favored tion with that region, be devised and completed, with some extensively loud ones. that country, soon to become a state of vast propor- who am neither a Fry nor a Howard, go out of my tions and of immense political importance, by reason way to patronize a tailor, because he gives us to And shall I, of its position, its own wants, unattended to by this understand that he is famous for his fits? And is government, will be compelled to establish a sepa- a sensible person, with his eyes about him, to be rate government-a separate nation-with its cities, deceived by the specious notice of a dry goods man's ports, and harbors, inviting all the nations of the selling off," when for the last six months his earth to a free trade with them. From their position, shop has afforded counter-evidence of his selling-on? they will control and monopolize the valuable fish- There, he is at it now; hear him recommending eries of the Pacific, control the coast trade of that piece of shilling calico to the anxious-looking Mexico, South America and the Sandwich Islands, woman: "Fast colors, madam." Yes, good lady, and other islands of the Pacific, of Japan, of China, you will say so yourself, when you come to see the and of India, and become our most dangerous rival rapidity with which they will disappear in the in the commerce of the world. In the opinion of wash-tub. Observe that ticket wafered on the winthe committee, this road will bind these two great dow-pane: "Colored woman's gloves." Don't be geographical sections indissolubly together, to their deceived into patronizing the establishment on abomutual advantage, and be the cement of a union lition grounds, Mr. Birney, for you may read on which time will but render more durable, and make the ticket below, "Green children's bonnets." He it the admiration of the world." has only put the adjectives in the wrong place. those in the controversial form, between individuals Perhaps the most who may both have happened to hitch upon the taking" advertisements are same branch of business for a livelihood. Two dentists had a brush some time ago; I forget which got the better; perhaps it was what sportsmen call

We are aware that the feasibility of this project has been called in question in a high quarter, and that some of its opposers who, however, have not taken pains to make themselves very well acquainted with its merits, are very fond of calling it a humbug. It is no humbug, but a magnificent scheme, founded in large views, looking to noble objects, and presenting an aspect of great plausibility, a scheme, in short, such as no man, who duly considers our geographical situation and the close intercourse with our western neighbors, the Asiatic nations, which we shall maintain at no distant day, when our steamers shall issue from the Straits of Fuca to trade with Japan and China, will feel himself justified in rejecting except after very careful examination.-New York Evening Post.

From the Knickerbocker.

A SHORT CHAPTER ON ADVERTISEMENTS.

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drawn ;" but the public seemed to think it strange that they whose business chiefly consisted in holding other people's jaws, could n'tcommon sense and Esop's fable might have dictated the policy of their both pulling one way. ; indeed, Then again, the "milk-question" at one time monopolized the advertising columns of the The savage manner in which it was handled, made it but too apparent that there was no cow called Sun.' "Human kindness" in the dairy of either solicitor for public sympathy; and yet, such is man, we were unconsciously drawn into it; for although it was no great vaccine matter to us whether the aniAs a tree is known by its fruit, so is a man by to confess a prejudice in favor of taking the " mals are fed upon carrots or hay, yet we are free his advertisement. Let craniologists amuse them-result" of their ruminations in the natural way, selves by manipulating the outer skull; give me a without the addition of the Croton, which, to use pale peep at his "three times inside" development, and the mildest language, does not shine in the galaxy. I will distance them all, with Combe at their head, in arriving at his true character. He will betray himself in his advertisements, as in his cups. Even when he thinks himself best concealed, hav-patent right is the causa belli, and as this is a game ing assumed a fictitious signature, he is but playing the woodcock part of hiding his head to no purpose. To illustrate: I am not the owner of any "two-story house in a pleasant neighborhood" but if thus comfortably possessed, I should hardly be induced to pay much attention to the inquiry after just such a tenement by "a young gentleman with a small family," who desires you to address a line to ROLLA. I have met with a notice of a signs of individuals denoting their different trades, We can arrive at no positive conclusion from the stray dog who was represented as "answering" to mysteries or callings. To be sure, a little pardonthat name, but doubt whether, under the circum-able vanity may be predicated of the poulterer who stances, I should feel inclined to emulate that quad- calls himself "Turkey Merchant;" but he is doubtruped's sagacity. Indeed, from the extent of clev-less as well entitled to the appellation as the crockerness displayed, in the adoption of such a nom de guerre, I should entertain a suspicion as to the advertiser's being endowed with a sufficient strength of mind to know when quarter-day came.

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bids fair, from the very nature of the subject, to But the great caoutchouc controversy now raging, "stretch to the crack of doom." Infringement of

at which two can play, "cribbage" seems to have naturally suggested itself, from the analogy, perhaps, between "two for his heels" and the article of over-shoes. Ambitious of a rubber, however, they have called in judge and jury. Did it ever occur to them that the lawyers are keeping the game?

ery-man is to that of China Merchant." A worker in hard-wood and ivory has a sign at the corner of Sixth-avenue, whereon is neatly enough inscribed, But it is the body-the spirit, I may say-of the the fragment of a broken sentence than an intima"Turning up this Alley"-which reads more like advertisement which should especially guide us. tion respecting billiard-balls and chess-men; now, I can barely imagine that any one, unless in extre- as "it is a long lane which has no turning," and this mis, would voluntarily submit his head to the oper-alley happens to be a short one, I doubt the necesating hands of a dentist who assures the public insity of any notification whatever. Perhaps this

very idea crossing the mind of the painter while | nose, I believe,) to call themselves Romans! Now, at the job, accounts for its singular want of finish. this is unfortunate; for to the ear of a KNICKERBut, as I before remarked, it is dangerous to spec- BOCKER it sounds not unprettily-certainly not unulate too closely upon this species of advertisement; patriotically-to hear a good matron boast of her for, as in a drouth, so in a metropolis, all signs fail. being "an old New Yorker;" whereas it would The title of a book is an advertisement, and one go against the grain of any lady in our sister city, which requires more consideration than it generally Troy, to proclaim herself" an old Trojan.” receives. An author has become so familiar with To conclude. In former days the names of indithe common-place sound of his own name, that he viduals were advertisements of the quality, shape, is unconscious of the effect it may produce when or occupation of their respective bearers. As the conjoined with the subject on which he has been Boncours (now Bunkers) were so called no doubt writing. Mark that short-necked man who came from their generosity; probably the first of the into Appleton's just now, for the purpose no doubt name kept open house. Little, from the recipient of making something of "a bill." Why has he of that cognomen being perhaps of a short stock; colored up, and why does he move, in somewhat of the Clarks, from their literary propensities, and so a circular manner to be sure, toward the door? Is on. But the only name which occurs to me as he offended? No; the first book he set his eyes substantially carrying out, even to the present day, "Rush on the Brain." Observe that the idea intended to be conveyed on its first appliwell-fed-looking old gentleman; what a screwing cation, is that given in the Scriptures to the devil up of countenance, and sudden twitching up of “ Abaddon.” right foot: "Treadwell on the Gout" meets his glance. "Is there nothing else, madam, you would like to look at?" Nothing!" says the lady with the smelling-bottle, hysterically, as she leaves the shop. She had seen quite enough-the title of the first book which had greeted her, was "Bell on the Nerves," and the second was "Pitcher on the Head." Now, I myself am not more squeamish than most persons, but on a certain occasion, when a little more bilious than usual, I confess to a very bilge-watery sort of feeling coming over me, as "Watts on the Stomach" stared me full in the face. Let authors, who themselves of all others dread to be ill-spoken of behind their backs, have

upon was

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the same consideration for their books.

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LO! THE POOR INDIAN.-The Albany Herald relates the following incident which occurred at the recent robbery of a German family in that city:

"They stood in a group on the pier, the women wringing their hands and crying most piteously; the old man and his sons and sons-in-law standing by with agony imprinted on their faces in stern lines. They were in a strange land, and their all was gone. The crowd stood gazing at the group, some curious, and some, shame be to them! merry. The law was by its agents seeking for the money and the robbers; but sympathy was what the poor Germans needed. No white man or woman conveyed it to them. spe

She

stole noiselessly up to one of the women and pluck

ed her robe; and then with a smile like an angel, that must have shot deep into the woman's heart, kindness and with fresh sobs; but we know the act she offered her a shilling. It was refused with was registered with a shout of triumph in heaven." -Philadelphia American, 28 Aug.

The Obituary and the Epitaph form another cies of advertisement. The latter, like the signs A beautiful squaw came by and looked at the before mentioned, are rarely to be depended on; mournful group with her piercing black eyes-her their falsity has passed into a proverb; and "Hic face except her eyes was as stone-but her heart jacet" is generally with correctness spelled in trans-understood and felt for the distress she saw. lation, "Hear lies." The shorter the epitaph the better. "My griefs cry louder than advertisement,' says Shakspeare; and hence I was always favorably struck with the one on the tomb of an actor, once well enough known-" Exit Burbage.' With respect to the Obituary, I remember to have seen one in by-gone days, which, after setting forth the customary "Christian fortitude and resignation," contained an invitation for the friends and relatives of the deceased to follow him, on the next day, to "that bourn whence no traveller returns." The style of the above betrays the pen of no very close reasoner, as the terms of the invitation would be apt to produce what logicians call a "non sequitur. The "useful with the sweet" was well combined in the obituary of a French shop-keeper who died years ago in Paris. Therein we were made acquainted with the virtues of the defunct, and informed in a 66 nota bene" that "his inconsolable widow still continued his business at the old stand."

The grave got no victory, worth speaking of, over that woman.

THE LATE ALEXANDER LAWSON.-We should have noticed, more particularly than has been done in this paper, the death of the late eminent and venerable artist, Alexander Lawson, who expired in this city, on Saturday last, in the seventy-fifth year of his age. Mr. Lawson, like his celebrated friend Wilson, was a native of Scotland, but like the "Paisley packman," he discovered here his abilities and won here his reputation. As an engraver of birds and animals, Charles Lucien Bonaparte declared that he had not an equal in the world. His chief excellence was, no doubt, in this department of his art, but everything from his burin was executed with great taste, skill and delicacy.

The plates to Wilson's Ornithology are a lasting In days of yore something might be gleaned monument of his ability, and of his devotion to scifrom the names of cities relative to their several ence also, for he bestowed so much labor upon founders, locality, or other peculiarities; but that them, that we have understood that the price which sort of advertisement does not obtain to any great was paid to him, did not amount to more than extent with us of the New World. One would seventy-five cents per diem for his services. He suppose that an insane schoolmaster had stood god- died suddenly, having been engaged with the graver father for half the villages in the state of New but two days before.-He was one of the most kindYork; witness Homer, Virgil, Ovid, Troy, Car-hearted and honorable men in the world, and it may thage, etc., etc., and Rome, too! I wonder whether be said very truly that "none knew him but to love the inhabitants have the face (the face includes the him."

From the True Sun.

COMMERCE VERSUS GLORY.

vanced in almost as great a ratio, and the people appreciate the importance of peace. They are aware that it is only in time of peace that the people become strong and the government weak:that an occasional war is necessary to produce a new fusion of military feudalism in society, to enhance the dependents on government patronage, and to diminish that private wealth which forms the strength of and will ultimately enfranchise the people.

MISCELLANY.

ONE of the most marked developments of the past few years, more particularly in the last twelve months, has been the fact that commerce and industrial interests, so far predominate in all countries, that international wars have become nearly impossible. The present skirmish with Mexico, so far from being at variance with this position, only proves its truth. Nearly all the great nations of the world are at this time at war with barbarous nations, while the most profound peace marks their rapidly growing intercourse with each THE next step in the emancipation of the people other. Russia is combating in the Circassian of Europe, will be on the death of Louis Philippe or mountains with a brave, fearless, but semi-barbar- Prince Metternich, one or both. The rare sagacity ous race. France continues her bloody attempts to of these two chiefs has hitherto sufficed to retard oppress the tribes of Algeria. England has not the progress of popular rights, and their demise sheathed the bloody weapons that forced her way will be the signal for a mighty effort throughout into Lahore. France and England together are Germany and France, to recover into the hands of attempting to crush the spirit of independence the people those rights of which they have been so on the La Plata, and the United States are repell-long deprived. The result is inevitable, and the ing the attack of the despotic chiefs of a weak, an-train may be fired at any moment. The consequenti-commercial people. On the outskirts of civiliza- ces none can foresee, and all governments are wisetion in all directions, from one cause or another, the ly preparing for the end. It must be a great strugarms of the larger powers are enlarging the circle gle of the people of all countries for their rights, of the general commerce. and the operation of railroads and increasing comThis operation it appears is not interfered with merce are yearly uniting the people of Europe in as long as it does not take a shape to interrupt mutual interests. A popular movement in one natrade. Governments and politicians pursue their tion will be responded to by the people of all. The old trade of war unmolested by the commercial in-existence of despotism in one government cannot terests, as long as the free action of the latter is not survive its extermination in another, and the liberrestrained by the hostilities. Time was when the ties of Poland may be restored in the general emanaction of the English government was controlled by cipation of all from monarchical rule. To excite an those who reaped all the fruits, the honors and emol-international war and promote national antipathies uments of a state of war without incurring any of will be the policy of royalists, but each year evinits hardships. The interests of commerce and the ces an increase of international sympathies. and the rights of the people were in those days of far less union of the masses against oppressors. importance to government rulers than a fancied point of honor or the sovereignty of a patch of land. England went through long years of warfare and bloodshed at the expense of most of the debt which now crushes her people into the dust, because her minister could not find it in his heart to fulfil the terms of the treaty of Amiens into which he had solemnly entered, and which stipulated that English troops should evacuate the Island of Malta. He could not bring himself to surrender that rock which did not belong to him, and as a consequence, after twelve years of war, the people have for thirty years groaned under the annual payment of $150,000,000 for the interest on the debt created to carry on that war, and the debt is still as large as ever. Notwithstanding that debt, commerce has continued to grow, and the industrial interests have annually gained upon the aristocratic power of the nobles. The result is, that they will no longer suffer war.

IN the chambers of Baden-Baden a motion was

agreed to, inviting the government to bring under the notice of the German diet the vast extent to which emigration to America is being carried. Last year the number of emigrants was 62,000, or 800 more than in the preceding year, and it was increasing every month. The emigrants of last year formed not less than one five-hundredth part of the whole popuis felt, especially as Germany is not thickly popu lation of Germany. Such a draft from our people lated like England. One half of the emigrants, it is not too much to say, are imposed upon by knavish emigration agents, and by fellows who persuade them to sell their little properties (when they have any) for less than their value.

THE Correspondent of the European Times says: "One or two of the journals have expressed great mortification at seeing such vast numbers of Swiss and Germans wend their way to the United States, During that old period of arrogant pretensions, instead of to Algiers, where they think the chances England laid claim to the Oregon, and refused to of getting richer are better. But, unfortunately, settle it on equitable principles. She adhered to they overlook one thing, and that is, that Algiers her grasping policy in negotiation down to 1846, is governed by the iron hand of military tyranny, and then consented to take that which she always while in the United States, there is freedom. Some had refused, because her commercial interests little pamphlets have lately been put forth in Paris, overpowered the arrogance of her aristocracy. She strongly recommending emigration to the United consented to take, in June, 1846, the same quantity States, and telling most marvellous tales of the forof land that her minister, Mr. Packenham, declared, tunes to be gained there by everybody. I have in August, 1845, to be inconsistent with "fairness also seen a pamphlet in Germany to the same and equity." Thirty years ago, she could not, effect; but adding that the number of Germans in with safety to herself, have receded so palpably America is so great as to be already almost equal from her pretensions, in the face of Europe, almost to the native-born Americans, and that not only do avowedly from fear of a war. She can do so now, the Germans keep up their distinct nationality, because the commercial interest of Europe has ad-speak their own language, and employ it in public

documents, but that, in the course of a few years, ner. The Gazette admits that they were not satisthey will be sufficiently strong to effect a separa-fied, and that "distant kindred" were separated. tion from the Anglo-Saxon States, and establish an The Spectator speaks of it in the following terms: independent German nation on the American continent. What likelihood there may be of such an event I am not able to say; but I can tell your readers, on the authority of a German gentleman who has the means of knowing, that it counts for a great deal-more, perhaps, than would readily be believed in the estimation of the thousands of Germans who quit their beloved Vaterland' for the New World."

"Yesterday there was witnessed in the yard at government house a scene disgraceful to a free country-a scene bearing a striking resemblance to what is witnessed in a professed slave market. The Indian immigrants, by the Lord William Bentinck, from Madras, and the Cadet, from Calcutta, amounting to 453, were distributed gratis to the favorite applicants by the immigration agent general, in pure Baltimore or Cuban style. In appor JEWISH EMIGRANTS TO AMERICA.-The Orient tioning to the planters the respective numbers has the following from Ellwangen, May 11:"A applied for, no regard whatever was paid to the large and peculiar troop of emigrants to America ties of family or friendship. Wives were separated from their husbands, and children from their papassed here this day. The whole company consisted of Jews from the neighboring town of Ober- husband rushed towards his wife, or vice versa, or rents. While being thus meted out as mules, if a dorf. The poverty which characterizes the appearance of German emigrants for America was happia mother to the lot containing her sons, the poor ly not perceptible in this instance. On the contrary, affectionate creatures were rudely pushed back in affluence appeared to pervade their ranks. Elegant omnibusses conveyed the parties to the place of embarkation, and all were dressed, particularly the handsome Jewish girls, who formed no mean part of the company. The whole had a gay and cheerful appearance. The company carries with them a Sepher Tora,' (scroll of the law,) which they had solemnly dedicated in the synagogue of Oberdorf previous to their departure. The emigrants follow their relations and friends, who had preceded them several years, and encouraged them to seek the well beloved land of North America, where they are not, as in most German states, deprived of their natural rights and privileges as citizens, on account of adhering to the faith of their

ancestors.

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EMIGRATION INTO VIRGINIA.-The emigration from western New York and the New England states into the northern part of Virginia is very large. Fairfax county is coming fast into the possession of settlers like these. Other portions of the state are also likely to be rescued in a similar manner. "It is a singular spectacle," says the Richmond Republican, "which Virginia now presents; the departure of her own sons to other lands, and the immigration into her borders of citizens from other states. For years has she been drained of the flower of her youthful population, leaving their place to be supplied by men who seem to place a higher value upon the advantages which they have surrendered." In due time, no doubt, Virginia will awaken to the perception of the main causes of her premature decrepitude. The western portion of the state will show something by its example, by and by, of the true sources of a commonwealth's prosperity. Gov. McDowell's messages have some useful references on this subject, with facts and statistics which speak a very plain language of their own.

WEST-INDIA IMMIGRATION.-By the Zulette, at Norfolk, we have full files of West India papers, from which are gathered the following items relative to the much spoken of Coolie immigration to the British colonies.- United States Gazette.

Trinidad.-The Gazette announces the arrival of another batch of immigrants, from Madras and Calcutta, amounting, in the whole, to 353. The Madras people, the editor states, are a fine, athletic set, superior, as a whole, to any that had as yet arrived. The distribution of these immigrants seems to have been conducted in a very discreditable man

the most brutal and unfeeling manner by that amalgamation of inhumanity and self-conceit, the immigration agent general. Shall such things be

tolerated in Trinidad in 1846 ?"

Emery's Journal, are worthy of perusal :
Demerara.-The following paragraphs, from

"Most people in this quarter anticipate, as a now inevitable event, the outbreak of a war with the United States. The feelings consequent on such an expectation are of a very gloomy kind. Not that a foreign invasion appears to be the most serious ill that could befall us. A permanent occupation of the province by a hostile force is improbable. But it has been the policy of our rulers to discountenance the cultivation of every product of the soil except sugar and its kindred staples. Peace and high prices at home enable us to buy food from America. The results of a fall in prices or a war must be obvious. Moreover, our rulers contemplate that, of a public revenue of $820,000, $290,000 shall be raised by a tax on imports. A war would cut off this branch at once.

"The scarcity of money continues to prevail to a degree not paralleled in the recollection of anybody.

"So many coolies, half naked, scabby, famishing, helpless from ignorance, and overrun with vermin, infest the highways of the metropolis; the authori ties have hounded on them the police, who drive them into the lock-up house, (surely an illegal act.) and the planters cry out for permission to conclude contracts of indenture, that is, with beguiled strangers, who cannot comprehend the signification thereof. That some coolies are doing well, is undeniable. But, as we have paid for the introduction of all, and are bound to reexport all, at the end of five years, at our own cost, every hour of cooley vagrancy aggravates the loss of our foolish speculation."

EARL DARNLEY felt the venom of Lord Ellenborough's wit in the house of lords, where he had been making a wearisome oration on the never-ending theme, the wrongs of Ireland. He had excited a contagious drowsiness in the house, which extended to himself, and was stopped in the midst of a parenthetical sentence by the necessity of making a hearty yawn. "There's some sense in that, however," growled the impatient judge, with a derisive gravity, whose influence not even the bench of bishops could resist.

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