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4. What is the relation of the railroad and the steamship to the coal and iron industries? What is the relation of all these industries to the skyscrapers in great cities? What is their relation to shipbuilding? What is the importance of the oil well? Name regions that produce oil in quantity. Tell what you know of the sources and uses of oil.

Library Reading. The Blazed Trail, White; "The Story of a Thousand Year Pine," Mills (in The World's Work, August, 1908); The Young Forester, Grey; Primer of Forestry, Pinchot (Government Printing Office); A Year in a Coal Mine, Husband; America at Work, Husband; "A Coal Miner at Home," Roosevelt (in The Outlook, December 24, 1910); "Heroes of the Cherry Mine," Edith Wyatt (in McClure's Magazine, March, 1910); "CoalAlly of American Industry," Showalter (in The National Geographic Magazine, November, 1918); "Pete of the Steel Mills," Hall (in Junior High School Literature, Book II); Steel Preferred, Hall; The Young Apprentice of the

Steel Mill, Wier; "Industry's Greatest AssetSteel," Showalter (in National Geographic Magazine, August, 1917); "Romance of Steel," Parsons (in World's Work, October, 1921); "Soul of the Shipyards," Schwab (in The Ladies' Home Journal, January, 1919); "A Human Beaver of Shipbuilding," Wildman (in The Forum, January, 1920); "The Ship That Found Herself," Kipling (in The Day's Work); The Boys' Book of Steamships, Howden; "Billions of Barrels of Oil Locked Up in the Rocks,” Mitchell (in The National Geographic Magazine, February, 1918); "Romance of the Oil Fields," Harger (in Scribner's Magazine, November, 1919); The Story of Oil, Tower; Secrets of the Earth, Fraser.

Theme Topics. 1. What the worker in the steel mills does for us as citizens of America. 2. How a strike in a coal mine affects the citizen. 3. Compare the steamship of today with that of fifty years ago. 4. The presentday uses of oil and gas. The melting pot of industrial coöperation.

5.

INDEX OF AUTHORS, TITLES, AND FIRST LINES

In the following Index, the names of authors and titles are printed in capital letters; the first
lines of poems are printed in small letters

Across the seas of Wonderland to Mogadore we

plodded, 272

AGASSIZ, LOUIS, 540, 571

ALLEN, JAMES LANE, 551, 571

AMBITIOUS GUEST, THE, 452

AMERICA! 480

AMERICANS OF FOREIGN BIRTH, 494

America, the Homeland, 483
APOSTROPHE TO THE OCEAN, 524
APRIL-NORTH CAROLINA, 529
As I was wa'king all alone, 255

As o'er his furrowed fields which lie, 478

A Well there is in the west country, 275
BABY LON, 242

BALLAD, THE, AN INTRODUCTION, 236
BALL, SIR ROBERT S., 544, 571
BARRIE, JAMES M., 464, 571

BATTLE OF OTTERBOURNE, THE, 243
BATTLE OF THE ANTS, THE, 536

Before him rolls the dark, relentless ocean, 497

BETH GELERT, 274

BEWICK AND GRAHAME, 245

BONNY BARBARA ALLEN, 243

BRIGGS, L. B. R., 497, 571
BROTHERS IN INDUSTRY, 559
BROWNING, ROBERT, 279, 571

BRYANT, WILLIAM CULLEN, Ulysses Among the
Phæacians, 219; Thanatopsis, 521; 571
BURNS, ROBERT, The Cotter's Saturday Night,
459; To a Mouse, 464; 572

BYRON, LORD, Destruction of Sennacherib, 276;
Apostrophe to the Ocean, 524; 572
CALL OF THE SPRING, THE, 517

CARMAN, BLISS, 529, 573

CITIZEN, THE, 483

CLOUD, THE, 527

COLERIDGE, SAMUEL Taylor, 259, 573
COLUM, PADRAIC, 531, 573

Come, choose your road and away, my lad, 517

COOPER, JAMES FENIMORE, 200, 573
COTTER'S SATURDAY Night, The, 459
COTTON AND THE OLD SOUTH, 548

CRAWFORD, CHARLOTTE HOLMES, 283, 573
CREE QUEERY AND MYSY DROLLY, 464
DESTRUCTION OF SENNACHERIB, 276
DICKENS, CHARLES, 468, 574
DISSERTATION UPON ROAST PIG, A, 17
DOUGLAS TRAGEDY, THE, 249
DWYER, JAMES FRANCIS, 483, 574
ELEPHANT REMEMBERS, THE, 33
EPIC POETRY, AN INTRODUCTION, 215
FALLING STAR, A, 544

FORMATION OF CORAL REEFS, 540

FORTY SINGING SEAMEN, 272

Franceline rose in the dawning gray, 283
FROST, ROBERT, 512, 574

FURROW AND THE HEARTH, THE, 531

GET UP AND BAR THE DOOR, 257

God of our fathers, known of old, 511

God sends his teachers unto every age, 518
GOLD BUG, THE, 53

HALE IN THE BUSH, 278

HAMPTON BEACH, 525

HARK TO THE SHOUTING WIND, 528

Harp of the North! that moldering long hast
hung, 291

HAWTHORNE, NATHANIEL, 452, 574

Hearken to me, gentlemen, 250

HELL-GATE OF SOISSONS, THE, 281

HEMP FIELDS, THE, 551
HENRY, 0, 50, 574

HERVÉ RIEL, 279

HOW TOM SAWYER WHITEWASHED THE FENCE,13
HUSBAND, JOSEPH, 559, 575

I bring fresh showers for the thirsting flowers, 527

I heard a thousand blended notes, 517

In London city was Bicham born, 253

In the Garden of Eden, planted by God, 529
In the Santa Clara Valley, far away and far
away, 532

Into the woods my Master went, 521
IRVING, WASHINGTON, 22, 575

It fell about the Lammas tide, 243
It fell about the Martinmas time, 257
It is an ancient Mariner, 259

It was in and about the Martinmas time, 243
IVANHOE, 350

I went into a public-'ouse to get a pint o' beer, 284

I went to turn the grass once after one, 512
JULIUS CAESAR, 389

JULIUS CAESAR, AN INTRODUCTION, 381
KAUFMAN, HERBERT, 281, 575

KEATS, JOHN, 526, 575

KING ESTMERE, 250

KIPLING, RUDYARD, Tommy, 284; Recessional,
511; 575

LADY OF THE LAKE, THE, 291

LADY OF THE LAKE, THE, AN INTRODUCTION, 287
LAMB, CHARLES, 17, 575
LANIER, SIDNEY, 521, 576

LEGEND AND HISTORY, AN INTRODUCTION, 211
LEXINGTON, 277

LIFE OF SIR Walter Scott, THE, 360
LILACS, 530

LINCOLN, THE Lawyer, 499

LINCOLN, THE Man of the PEOPLE, 504

570

INDEX OF AUTHORS, TITles, and FIRST LINES

LINES WRITTEN IN EARLY SPRING, 517
LITERATURE AND LIFE, AN INTRODUCTION TO
READING, 1

LOCKHART, JOHN GIBSON, 360, 576
LONGFELLOW, HENRY WADSWORTH, Seaweed,
523; The Tide Rises, the Tide Falls, 523; 576
LORD RANDAL, 240

LOWELL, AMY, 530, 576

LOWELL, JAMES RUSSELL, The Vision of Sir
Launfal, 445; Washington, 499; Rhocus, 518;
576

LUBBOCK, SIR JOHN, 533, 577

MAN AND HIS FELLOWS, AN INTRODUCTION, 441
MARKHAM, EDWIN, 504, 577
MARSHALL, EDISON, 33, 577
MONROE, HARRIET, 529, 577

My loved, my honored, much respected friend!
459

My name is Darino, the poet, 281

No Berserk thirst of blood had they, 277
NORRIS, FRANK, 555, 577

NOYES, ALFRED, Forty Singing Seamen, 272;
The Call of the Spring, 517; 577
ODYSSEY, THE, AN INTRODUCTION, 215

Old Grahame he is to Carlisle gone, 245

ON THE GREAT PLATEAU, 532

On the sea and at the Hogue, sixteen hundred
ninety-two, 279

OPPORTUNITY, 468

Over his keys the musing organist, 445

O where ha you been, Lord Randal, my son? 240
PLOWING ON A WHEAT RANCH, 555
POE, EDGAR ALLAN, 53, 577
RECESSIONAL, 511

RHCECUS, 518

RICHARD DOUBLEDICK, 468

RIME OF THE ANCIENT MARINER, 259

"Rise up, rise up, now, Lord Douglas," 249
ROMANCE OF A BUSY BROKER, THE, 50
ROOSEVELT, THEODORE, 505, 578
SCHERER, JAMES, A. B., 548, 578

SCOTT, SIR WALTER, The Lady of the Lake, 291;
Ivanhoe, 350; Lockhart's Life of, 360; 578
Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness, 526
SEAWEED, 523

SEED-TIME AND HARVEST, 478

SHAKESPEARE, WILLIAM, Julius Caesar, 389;

Under the Greenwood Tree, 522; 578
SHELLEY, PERCY BYSSHE, 527, 578
SILL, EDWARD ROWLAND, 468, 578

1620-1920, 497

Soldier and statesman, rarest unison, 499
SOUTHEY, ROBERT, 275, 578
SPECTER BRIDEGROOM, THE, 22
SPENCER, WILLIAM ROBERT, 274, 579
SPY, THE, 200

STEINER, EDWARD A., 480, 579

STEVENSON, ROBERT LOUIS, 85, 579
Stride the hill, sower, 531
TARBELL, IDA M., 499, 579

THANATOPSIS, 521

The Assyrian came down like the wolf on the
fold, 276

The breezes went steadily through the tall
pines, 278

There is a pleasure in the pathless woods, 524
There lived a wife at Usher's Well, 256
There was twa sisters in a bowr, 241
There were three ladies lived in a bower, 242
The spearmen heard the high sound 274
The sunlight glitters keen and bright, 525
The tide rises, the tide falls, 523

This I beheld, or dreamed it in a dream, 468
THOMAS, LETTA EULALIA, 483, 579
THOMAS RYMER, 255

THOREAU, HENRY, 536, 579

Thus overcome with toil and weariness, 219
TIDE RISES, THE TIDE FALLS, THE, 523
TIMROD, HENRY, 528, 579

TO A MOUSE, 464

TO AUTUMN, 526

To him who in the love of Nature holds, 521
TOMMY, 284

TORTOISE, THE, 538

TREASURE ISLAND, 85

TREASURE ISLAND, AN INTRODUCTION, 79
TREES, 529

TREES AND THE MASTER, 521

TUFT OF FLOWERS, THE, 512

True Thomas lay oer yond grassy bank, 255
TWAIN, MARK, 13, 579

TWA SISTERS, THE, 241

ULYSSES AMONG THE PHÆACIANS, 219

UNDER THE GREENWOOD TREE, 522

VISION OF SIR LAUNFAL, THE, 445

VIVE LA FRANCE! 283

WASHINGTON, 499

Wee, sleekit, cowrin, tim'rous beastie, 464
WEE, WEE MAN, THE, 255

WELL OF ST. KEYNE, THE, 275

WHAT AMERICA MEANS TO ME, 483

When descends on the Atlantic, 523

When the Norn Mother saw the Whirlwind
Hour, 504

WHITE, GILBERT, 538, 580

WHITTIER, JOHN GREENLEAF, Lexington, 277;
Seed-Time and Harvest, 478; Hampton
Beach, 525; 580

WIFE OF USHER'S WELL, THE, 256
WILSON, WOODROW, 494, 580

WONDERS OF THE WORLD WE LIVE IN, THE, 533
WORDSWORTH, WILLIAM, 517, 580
WORKING TOGETHER IN A DEMOCRACY, 505
WORLD IN WHICH WE LIVE, THE, AN INTRODUC-
TION, 515

WORLD OF ADVENTURE, THE, AN INTRODUC-

TION, 9

Would you not be in Tryon, 529

WYATT, EDITH, 532, 580

YOUNG BICHAM, 253

BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF AUTHORS

AGASSIZ, LOUIS (1807-1873), naturalist and
geologist, was born in Switzerland. He came
to America in 1846, and was so pleased with
the opportunities the United States offered
that he decided to settle here permanently. A
year later he was appointed professor of zoology
and geology at Harvard University. In 1871
he located on the island of Penikese, in Buz-
zard's Bay; this island, together with fifty
thousand dollars, had been presented to him
for the purpose of endowing a school of natural
science devoted to the study of marine zoölogy.
Longfellow's poem, "The Fiftieth Birthday of
Agassiz," was read by the author at a dinner
given to Agassiz by the Saturday Club of
Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1857.

ALLEN, JAMES LANE (1849- ), is a native
of Kentucky. He was graduated from Tran-
sylvania University and became professor of
higher English and Latin in Bethany College,
West Virginia. He now gives his entire atten-
tion to literature. His home is in New York
City.

BALL, SIR ROBERT (1840-1913), astronomer
and mathematician, was born in Dublin. He
was graduated from Trinity College, Dublin, in
1861. Later, he was professor of astronomy
in the University of Dublin, and in 1892 be-
came professor of astronomy and geology at
Cambridge and director of the Cambridge Ob-
servatory. Among his works are Experimental
Mechanics, The Story of the Heavens, Starland,
and In Starry Realms.

BARRIE, JAMES M. (1860- ), British
author and journalist, was educated at Edin-
burgh University. He is best known for his
novels and dramas. Barrie's gifts of humor
and pathos are well shown in A Window in
Thrums, a book that portrays the life of his
native village. Peter Pan is one of his best-
known dramas.

BRIGGS, L. B. R., is President of Radcliffe
College and Dean of the Faculty of Arts and
Sciences of Harvard University. He is the
author of a number of books, among them
School, College, and Character.

BROWNING, ROBERT (1812-1889). Next to
Tennyson, the most famous English poet of
the Victorian era; born in a suburb of London;
early education directed by his father, a man
of wide knowledge and a lover of the classics.
In his youth, Browning was influenced by

Byron and Shelley, and like them acquired
a love for Italy that became a master passion
of his life. He was a great student of romance,
of art, and of the classics, and many of his
themes were drawn from these sources. After
his marriage, in 1846, to Elizabeth Barrett,
herself a poet, Browning spent much time in
Italy. His entire life was devoted to poetry.
His work falls into three main groups: dramas,
dramatic monologues, and lyrics. The dramas
are original in plot, but they lack action, de-
pending for their interest on the analysis of the
thoughts and feelings of their principal char-
acters in some crisis. Pippa Passes and In a
Balcony are the most famous of the dramas.
The dramatic monologues are poems of varying
length, written as though they were soliloquies
or stories told by one man but suggesting the
presence of other characters, and revealing
very clearly the character and motives of the
speaker. Of these Browning wrote a great
number; they are his most distinctive con-
tributions to literature. His lyrics are among
the best in English literature. In all this work
Browning's appeal is to thought rather than to
the feelings. He was a keen and vigorous
thinker, and this quality in his works surpasses
his narrative and lyric gifts, great as these were.

BRYANT, WILLIAM CULLEN (1794-1878).
Born in Massachusetts; his parents traced
their ancestry to the early colonists who came
over on the Mayflower; his mother was de-
scended from John and Priscilla Alden, and his
father, grandfather, and grandmother's father
were all country doctors. As a boy, Bryant
acted out the story of Poe's translation of the
Iliad, using wooden shields and sword and an
elaborate coat of mail. He was a lover of
poetry, and began to write verses when eight
years old. His early education was directed by
country ministers, who were trained in Latin
and Greek. At fourteen, he knew the Greek
Testament as well as the English. The next
year he entered Williams College as a sopho-
more, but his college course was interrupted
because of lack of means, and he began the
study of law, a profession which he followed for
nine years. His first published poems were
"Thanatopsis" and "Inscription for the En-
trance to a Wood," which appeared in the
North American Review in 1817. The first of
these poems, one of the most famous in Ameri-
can literature, had been written when he was
only sixteen or seventeen years old. A collec-

tion of his poems appeared in 1821, but had a
very small sale. In 1825 he became editor of
a magazine in New York; a year later he began
a connection with the New York Evening Post
which, as assistant editor, editor, and part
owner, was destined to last fifty-two years.
Various intervals of his life were filled by travel,
chiefly in Europe and the Orient. Many let-
ters by him were published in his newspaper.
Bryant wrote comparatively little poetry, and
destroyed much of what he wrote. In 1866,
after the death of his wife, he turned to the
study of Homer, publishing his translations of
the Iliad and the Odyssey in 1870 and 1872.
Until the last year of his life he walked daily
to his office and back, a distance of three miles.
He wrote many addresses, and took a prominent
part in all matters that concerned good citizen-
ship. For more than fifty years he exerted a
strong influence on American politics and gov-
ernment. Although Bryant never held office,
he occupied a position of national importance
as editor of a powerful journal. Nevertheless,
it is by his poetry that he will be remembered.
This poetry is not large in amount, but it is of
very high quality. He loved Nature, and her
"various language," of which he wrote in his
first great poem, was familiar to him throughout
his long life.

BURNS, ROBERT (1759-1796). The poems
of Burns appeared in three editions: 1786,
1787, and 1793. He was inspired by love, by
keen insight into Nature, by a sturdy patriotism,
and by a sense of the brotherhood of all men.
Illustrations of each of these points, with the
necessary biographical material to make them
clear, will be found on pages 462-463. Burns
was an intensely "subjective" poet, that is,
his poems express his own thought about man
and Nature, and are, in themselves, the best
biography. The facts about his life, therefore,
are of use to us only as they illustrate the poems
and guide us in interpreting them. Many of
the poems are bits of autobiography. His
father was a tenant-farmer; the son followed
the same hard occupation except for intervals
in Edinburgh spent in seeing his books through
the press and becoming acquainted with the
brilliant and intellectual group of men and
women there who recognized his genius. For
some years he received a small income from
an office connected with the customs. These
statements practically sum up the story; some
important facts, chiefly names of persons and
places, may be set down in a chronological
table as a guide to reading his poems:

1759-1784. Boyhood spent on farms rented
by his father; small formal schooling; chief
influences from the sturdy character of his

father and from the careful reading of a very
few books.

1784-1786. Life at Mossgiel; plan to emi-
grate to America; publication of first poems.
1786-1788. Edinburgh; preparation of sec-
ond edition of his poems; in the summer of
1787, travel in the Highlands, collecting songs
and ballads.

1788-1791. Ellisland, a farm which he
rented; marriage to Jean Armour; customs
office secured 1791.

1791-1796. Dumfries; third edition of his
poems; extreme poverty; illness, and failure
of poetic power. Death, July 21, 1796.

BYRON, LORD (1788-1824). Born in London,
in a family whose ancestry extended to the
time of the Norman Conquest. As a child he
loved oriental romance, travel, the Old Testa-
ment, and the sea. At Harrow, a great English
public school, he was a leader in sports and
extended his reading over a wide range of lit-
erature. In 1805 he entered Trinity College,
Cambridge, and while a student there wrote a
series of poems published in 1808 under the
title of Hours in Idleness. The poems were
not very good, and were severely attacked by
a famous critic; Byron replied in a verse satire
of great power in which he criticized savagely
the leading poets and novelists of his day.
In 1809-1811 he traveled in Portugal, Spain,
Greece, and Turkey; the result of the journey
was the appearance of the first two cantos of
his famous poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage.
Byron himself is the hero of the pilgrimage,
and the brilliant descriptions of Nature, of
ruins in famous cities, and of the stirring events
in Europe in his own time completely captivated
the reading public, so that seven editions of the
poem were sold within a few weeks after its
first appearance in 1812. The next three years
were marked by a series of metrical romances
that eclipsed in popular favor the narrative
poems of Scott. In 1815 he married, but a
year later his wife left him and he went abroad
once more, this time never to return to his
native land. On his way to Italy he spent
some time (the summer of 1816) in Switzerland,
where he wrote the third canto of Childe Harold
and some other poems, notably "The Prisoner of
Chillon." These poems all expressed Byron's
passionate love of liberty. In Venice he wrote
the last canto of Childe Harold (1817) and this
was followed by other long narrative poems,
such as Don Juan (1819-1823), and a series of
poetic dramas. He had no real dramatic genius,
however, excelling in verse narrative, descrip-
tion, and in his marvelous lyric genius. Mean-
time, he sought to become an actor in such
stirring scenes as fill his poems, enlisting at

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