noblemen, foreign dukes, military officers, and others, to enjoy a few days' or weeks' shooting; and the Highlands, accordingly, swarm with these visitants in the latter months of the year. of the step is undeniable, and we cannot but hope that it has proceeded far more from thoughtlessness than from intention. The day has been when any clansman, or even any stranger, might have taken It will be observed that this is a different thing a deer from the forest, a tree from the hill, or a from the old-fashioned and gentlemanly Highland salmon from the river, without leave asked or way of conducting field-sports, by which a few obtained; and though that state of society has long acquaintances are collected on the 12th of August since passed away, we never till now have heard at a shooting-box, and a number of pairs of grouse that the free air of the mountains, and their heather are despatched as presents to friends. Neither is ranges, are not open to him who seeks them. Is it it exactly the modern deer-stalking, in which indeed come to this, that in bonny Scotland the patience and a high degree of skill are concerned tourist, the botanist, or the painter, is to be debarred it is very much a wholesale system of slaughtering, from visiting the loveliest spots which nature ever like that of the battues in southern preserves, it planted in the heart of a wilderness, on pretence being a main object to kill a certain quantity of that he disturbs the deer? In a few years we animals, if not for the glory of killing, at all events suppose Ben Lomond will be preserved, and the for the sake of the cash the animals are worth. Be summit of Ben Nevis remain as unvisited by the this, however, as it may, we should not be inclined foot of the traveller as the icy peak of the Jungfrau. to speak disparagingly of the practice, were it not Not so, assuredly, would have acted the race of fruitful of certain unpleasant consequences. Let Tullibardine of yore. Royal were their hunting the noble lessees in question fire away, kill, and gatherings, and magnificent the driving of the sell as long as they have a mind. All that we and Tinchel; but over all their large territory of Athole others care about, is their attempting to exclude the stranger might have wandered unquestioned, the very harmless order of tourists and scene hunters, except to know if he required hospitality. It is who frequent the Highlands, from walking about not now that the gate is shut, but the moor; and to see waterfalls and precipices, from taking short that not against the depredator, but against the cuts across the hills, or from visiting the loftiest peaceful wayfaring man. Nor can we, as sportsand grandest of the Alpine peaks. So many cases men, admit even the relevancy of the reasons which of this kind have lately occurred, that it has excited have been assigned for this wholesale exclusion. the indignation of the Lowland Scotch in no small We are convinced that in each season not above degree. We are sorry for this. We desire to see thirty or forty tourists essay the ascent of Ben Englishmen respected and rendered happy in Scot-Macdhui, and of that number, in all probability, not land, and detest all sorts of national jealousies. one has either met or startled a red-deer. Very The new settlers, however, are clearly in the few men would venture to strike out a devious path wrong; and they, as well as the native noblemen for themselves over the mountains near Loch Aven, who imitate them in their exclusiveness, must hasten to recall their orders. There is no law of trespass in Scotland, as far as regards unenclosed lands. A person may walk to the top of an open hill, or across an open moor, subject to no other legal restraint than an action of damages. And to lead evidence of injury done to a peat-moss, or a bleak hill-side, would be somewhat troublesome. Of course, if a traveller seriously disturb sheep, that is a different matter. But who in his senses does so? We see that some of the Scottish newspapers recommend pedestrians in the Highlands not to turn back when ordered; but to leave the sportsmentenants to prosecute-which they will not do. The magazines, too, consider forcible exclusion to be unjustifiable. Blackwood remarks as follows:"We have observed with great pain that a far too exclusive spirit has of late manifested itself in certain high places, and among persons whom we regard too much to be wholly indifferent to their conduct. This very summer the public press has been indignant in its denunciation of the Dukes of Athole and Leeds-the one having, as it is alleged, attempted to shut up a servitude road through Glen Tilt, and the other established a cordon for many miles around the skirts of Ben Macdhui, our highest Scottish mountain. We are not fully acquainted with the particulars; but from what we have heard, it would appear that this wholesale exclusion from a vast tract of territory is intended to secure the solitude of two deer-forests. Now, we are not going to argue the matter upon legal grounds, although, knowing something of law, we have a shrewd suspicion that both noble lords are in utter misconception of their rights, and are usurping a Sovereignty which is not to be found in their charters, and which was never claimed or exercised even by the Scottish kings. But the churlishness : which, in fact, constitute the wildest district of the island. Nothing but enthusiasm will carry a man through the intricacies of Glen Lui, the property of Lord Fife, to whom it was granted at no very distant period of time out of the forfeited Mar estates, and which is presently rented by the Duke of Leeds; and nothing more absurd can be supposed than that the entry of a single wanderer into that immense domain can have the effect of scaring the deer from the limits of so large a range. This is an absurd and empty excuse, as every deer-stalker must know. A stag is not so easily frightened, nor will he fly the country from terror at the apparition of the Cockney. For a few moments he will regard the Doudney-clad wanderer of the wilds, not in fear, but in surprise; and then snuffing the air, which conveys to his nostrils an unaccustomed flavor of bergamot and lavender, he will trot away over the shoulder of the hill, move further up the nearest corrie, and in a quarter of an hour will be lying down amidst his hinds in the thick brackens that border the course of the lonely burn. "We could say a great deal more upon this subject, but we hope that expansion is unnecessary. Throughout all Europe, the right of passage over waste and uncultivated land, where there never were, and never can be enclosures, appears to be universally conceded. What would his Grace of Leeds say, if he were told that the Bernese Alps were shut up, and the liberty of crossing them denied, because some Swiss seigneur had taken it into his head to establish a chamois preserve? The idea of preserving deer in the way now attempted is completely modern, and we hope will be immediately abandoned. It must not, for the sake of our country, be said that in Scotland not only the enclosures, but the wilds and the mountains, are shut out from the foot of man; and that where no 612 TOBACCO-SMOKING PENALTIES OF CRIME-HAPPINESS. highway exists, he is debarred from the privilege | ral muscles, and oftener on the right side than on THE CONSEQUENCES OF SMOKING. THE wide-spread habit of smoking has not yet had due medical attention paid to it and its consequences. It is only by two or three years' observations that Dr. Laycock had become fully aware of the great changes induced in the system by the abuse of tobacco, and of the varied and obscure PENALTIES OF CRIME.-It is a striking attribute of forms of disease to which especially excessive smoking gave origin. He proceeded to state some of men once throughly tainted by the indulgence of them as they were met with in the pharyngical mu- vicious schemes and stratagems, that they become cous membrane, the stomach, the lungs, the heart, wholly blinded to those plain paths of ambition which the brain, and the nervous system. The tobacco common sense makes manifest to ordinary ability. consumed by habitual smokers varied from half an If we regard narrowly the lives of great criminals, ounce to twelve ounces per week, the usual quantity we are often very much startled by the extraordinary Inveterate cigar smokers acuteness, the profound calculation, the patient medfrom two to three ounces. will consume from four to five dozen per week.itative energy, which they have employed upon the clined to think that such intellectual power would The first morbid result is an inflammatory condition conception and execution of a crime. We feel inof the mucous membrane of the lips and tongue; have commanded great distinction, worthily used and then the tonsils and pharynx suffer the mucous seemed to have been sensible of the opportunities to membrane becoming dry and congested. If the guided; but we never find that these great criminals thorax be examined well, it will be found slightly real eminence which they have thrown away. Often swollen, with congested veins meandering over the we observe that there has been before them vistas surface, and here and there a streak of mucus. into worldly greatness, which, by no uncommon pruAction ascends upwards into the posterior nares. dence and exertion, would have conducted honest The eye becomes affected with heat, slight redness, men, half as clever, to fame and power; but with a lachrymation, and a peculiar spasmodic action of the strange obliquity of vision, they appear to have looked orbicularis muscle, experienced with intolerance of from these broad, clear avenues, into some dark, light on awaking in the morning. The frontal tangled defile, in which, by the subtlest ingenuity, sinuses do not escape, but there is a heavy, dull and through the most besetting perils, they may attain ache in their region. Descending down the ali- at last to the success of a fraud, or the enjoyment of mentary canal, we come to the stomach, where the a vice. In crime once indulged there is a wonderful results in extreme cases are symptoms of gastritris. fascination; and the fascination is, not rarely, great is always hope of reform for a dull, uneducated, stolid Pain, tenderness, and a constant sensation of sick-in proportion to the intellect of the criminal. There man, led by accident or temptation into guilt; but liness, and desire to expectorate, belong to this affection. The action of the heart and lungs is where a man of great ability, and highly educated, impaired by the influence of the narcotic on the besots himself in the intoxication of dark and terrible nervous system; but a morbid state of the larynx, excitements, takes impure delight in tortuous and trachea, and lungs results from the direct action of slimy ways, the good angel abandons him forever.the smoke. The voice is observed to be rendered Lucretia. hoarser and with a deeper tone. Sometimes a short cough results, and a case of ulceration in the cartilages of the larynx came under the doctor's notice. The patient was such a slave to the habit, that he hardly ever had the pipe out of his mouth. Similar sufferings have been caused by similar practices in other instances. Another form is a slight tickling, low down in the pharynx or trachea, and the patient coughs, or rather hawks up, a grumousLifts up its head unto the sun and shower; looking blood. It is so alarming, as to be mistaken That, seeing winter's shadow grim depart, for pulmonary hæmoptysis. The action of tobacco-Yet not forgetting, in the soft spring days, smoking on the heart is depressing; and some individuals who feel it in this organ more than others, complain of an uneasy sensation about the left nipple-a distressing feeling, not amounting to The action of the heart faintness, but allied to it. An uneasy is observed to be feeble and irregular. feeling is also experienced in or beneath the pecto HAPPINESS. Trembles my spirit now with joy's excess, The storms and frosts through which it safe has D. M. M. From Chambers' Journal. AMERICAN INDIAN SKETCHES. deep gashes. These were given, as each arm was raised, in succession, to shield her body from the one arm, the second the other; and if the third had impending knife. The first thrust had thus disabled been given, there being no shield in the arms for further protection (for they both hung powerless by her side,) it would doubtless have gone, where the two first were aimed, to the heart! In the vain hope of awakening the conscience of the United States government to a proper sense of the duty it owes to the unfortunate aborigines who still exist within its territories, the pen has been taken up by a zealous and well known friend of the Indians, Thomas L. M'Kenney, late chief of the bureau of Indian Affairs at Washington. We woman, giving orders to the soldiers to take the “I took charge of the trembling and agitated have perused this benevolent gentleman's narrative offender, and lock him up in our provision-house, with considerable interest, and cannot but lament until some suitable punishment should be agreed with him that year after year the native tribes are upon for a crime so flagrant and bloody. Our surlessening in number, less from their own intestine geons having gone to the village, I cleansed and feuds, than from the dishonest appropriation of bound up the wounds; and by the employment of their lands, and the vices introduced among them bandages, kept the arms stationary, giving her diby the whites. Alive to the disgrace of this na-rections not to use them, and sent her in charge of tional crime, a number of respectable citizens in her daughter and some friends to Green Bay, to our New York, in 1829, attempted to move the gov-surgeon, to be attended to. ernment on the subject; but private interests were too powerful to be overcome, and nothing was eventually done to improve the condition of the sufferers. For the last sixteen years a systematic course has been persevered in of banishing the remains of the Indian tribes to wildernesses beyond the avowed limits of the States-to be again, doubtless, molested in these new hunting-grounds, when it suits the purpose of the white man to make further encroachments. Referring principally to official proceedings, Mr. M'Kenney's work does not admit of analysis, and nothing of the kind need be attempted by us. The author, however, occasionally relates an anecdote illustrative of his Indian experiences, and one or two of these we shall pick out for the amusement of our readers. The first refers to an expedition in which he was concerned, along with General Cass, in 1837, with a view of settling a treaty with several collected tribes at a place called Butte de Morts (Hillock of the Dead.) "The business of the treaty over, everything was in motion, preparing for the departure of all to their respective destinations. At one place might be seen a group of squaws, and children, and dogs, all seem ing to be engaged in huddling together, or hauling to the water's edge their provisions and effects; whilst others had their canoes in the water, and others again were in the act of gliding away upon the smooth surface of the river, enjoying the quiet satisfaction which the presence of rations and good fare are so well calculated to produce. This woman and her daughter had carefully put "The cause of the outrage was as follows:away their supplies, &c., in their canoe, and were on the eve of embarking, when it was rumored among the Indians that a whiskey-dealer had arrived in the woods, behind our treaty-ground. The moment it reached the ears of this reckless Indian, he started with others in quest of the whiskey. The mother-in-law, well knowing that their calicoes, and flour, &c., would soon be parted with, in exand blankets, and strouding, and pork, and beef, change for this fire-water, followed him, intreating him not to go, but to go home and enjoy what had been given them there. She clung to him rather inconveniently, when he resolved on freeing himself by the use of his knife. For some time she kept off his blows with her paddle; but this being presently knocked from her hand, she had no shield left but her arms, and these were alternately disabled in the manner I have stated. this, and to the inquiry, What shall we do with "Governor Cass coming along, I narrated all this man?' answered promptly, 'Make a woman of him.' this wise. The several interpreters were sent out And so we did. The process was on to summon in the Indians, and to arrange them around the Butte de Morts-the women and children in front. This being done-from eight hundred to a thousand perhaps being thus assembledthe offender was brought from his confinement, and led by a couple of our voyagers to the top of the Cass and myself, and the interpreters, being there mound, and placed against the flag-staff; Governor also. Never before had I witnessed in Indians a feeling so intense. Every eye of chief, halfchief, brave, and squaw, ay, and of every child, and it seemed to me of every dog also, was beaming with concentrated lustre, and every eye was upon "At this moment of general activity, a scream, wild and fearful, was uttered. It was by a female. A rush of a thousand Indians was made for the spot whence it proceeded. I looked, and saw in the midst of the crowd a man's arm raised, with a knife in the hand. It fell-and then was heard another scream! When I sprang towards the us. scene of what seemed to be a strife of blood, and just as I had reached it, Major F., having started from an opposite direction, was a few feet in advance of me; and at the instant when the third blow was about to fall upon the victim, he struck and knocked down the man who was thus desperately employing the bloody weapon. There stood, trembling and bleeding, a fine-looking squaw. She was mother of the wife of the man who had made the attempt upon her life. The deltoid muscle of each arm, just below the shoulder was cut with *Memoirs, Official and Personal; with Sketches of Travels among the Northern and Southern Indians. By Thomas L. M'Kenney. New York: Paine and Burgess. 1846. woman, but to a man justified it, alleging that a They had all heard of the assault upon the woman was nobody, when the power and freedom of the man were attempted to be interfered with; and that the life of any woman would be no more than a just forfeit for such intermeddling. "The squaws entertained different notions, and were deeply interested, personally, in the scene before them-not one of them knowing anything further than that some punishment was to be inflicted on the man for his conduct. The offender stood unmoved. Not a particle of interest did he seem to there alone, listening to the rustling leaves, and the take in what was to befall him. If he had been moaning of the winds, and looking upon the woods, the sky, the river, and the lake, he could not have been more unmoved. He was dressed in his best. Moccasons, ornamented, were on his feet; his leggins were of scarlet cloth fringed and decorated, besides, with bits of fur, foxes' tails, and rattles. A good blanket was about his waist; his ears were ornamented with silver rings, his arms with bracelets, his face with paint, and his hair sprinkled with vermilion. when, letting him go, he continued his trot alone to a lodge near by, rushed into it, and fell upon his face. An interpreter followed him, and reported his condition, and what he said. His first words, as he lay on his face, were-I wish they had killed me. I went up the mound to be shot. I thought I was taken there to be shot. I'd rather be dead. I am no longer brave; I'm a woman !' man, not murdered. She is man's best friend. The Great Spirit gave her to man to be one with him, and to bless him; and man, whether red or white, should love her, and make her happy.' Then turning to the voyager, I told him to strip off his leggins and his ornaments. It was done, when the old petticoat was put on him. Being thus arrayed, the voyagers, each putting a hand upon his "Attention being called through the various in-shoulders, ran him down the mound, amidst a storm terpreters, the governor spoke, explaining the case of indignation from the men, mingled with every -the innocence and kind designs of the woman-variety of gladsome utterance by the squaws; the propriety and usefulness of the interference, which was not rudely attempted-the noble object of keeping her daughter's husband from joining in drunken revelries, and being bereft of all their stores, and then going home poor, and naked, and hungry. That was her object; whilst the whiskeytrader cared for none of these things, but sought only to rob them of their blankets and calicoes, &c., and give them nothing in exchange for them "Now, this mode of punishment was intended to but fire-water. The Great Spirit looked down and produce moral results, and to elevate the condition smiled on this act of the woman, and was angry at of women among the Indians. It was mild in its the bad conduct of the man, and with the whiskey-physical effects, but more terrible than death in its trader. It was for an attempt so kind and so proper on her part that this man, the husband of her daughter, had seized her, and with his knife struck at her heart, to kill her, and but for her arms, with which she had shielded her breast, she would have been murdered. Her cries, and tears, and blood, were all unavailing; nothing could have saved her but the timely arrival of help, and a blow that put it out of his power to consummate his bloody purpose. For this act he shall be no longer a brave; he has forfeited his character as a man; from henceforth let him be a woman! "At this annunciation, the chiefs and braves muttered vengeance. We were told by the interpreters they would resist us. But never before were hearts put more at rest, or did hope gleam in upon such a multitude of squaws; never did eyes dance in frames of such emotion, or smiles radiate faces with such animation. Never was the neaw!'-a term expressive of mingled surprise and gladness-uttered with such vehemence and joy. Even the papooses, turning from their sources of nourishment, looked round as if some new and blessed influence was felt by them; and the very dogs barked. cure. coat. "Meantime a voyager had procured of an old squaw her petticoat, stiff with the accumulated grease and dirt of many years. As he ascended the mound with this relic, another mutter of vengeance was heard from the men, whose faces were black with rage; but it was literally drowned amidst the acclamations that broke at this moment from the squaws. Now they saw, for the first time, new light and new hope breaking in upon their destiny. Our burdens, they seemed to say, will be lighter, our rights more respected, our security more seThere stood the voyager, holding the pettiThe sight of both was far more obnoxious to the culprit than would have been the executioner armed with his axe. But still he was unmoved. Not a muscle stirred. Around his waist was a belt, with a knife in it, such as butchers use. Taking hold of the handle, I drew it from its scabbard, thrust the blade into a crack in the flag-staff, and broke it off at the handle; then putting the handle in the culprit's hand, I raised it well and high up, and said, No man who employs his knife as this man employs his, has a right to carry one. Henceforth this shall be the only knife he shall ever use. oman, wherever she is, should be protected by action and consequences upon the offender. Henceforth, and as long as I continued to hear of this brave,' he had not been admitted among his former associates, but was pushed aside, as having lost the characteristics of his sex, and doomed to the performance of woman's labor, in all the drudgery to which she is subject, as well of the lodge, as of all other menial things. The whiskey-trader had made off, or he would have been taught a lesson which, with the proper using, might have been made useful to him for the remainder of his days." On one occasion, when visiting the Choctaw nation, Mr. M'Kenney was introduced to a professional "rain-maker." This personage had the address to pass himself off among his brethren as one who was in alliance with the Great Spirit, and could produce plenteous showers by his intercessions. "I shook hands with him, and told him I was glad to see him; that I had heard of his greatness; and that I was so anxious to know the secret of rain-making, that I would give him an order on the agent for a pair of scarlet leggins, a pound of tobacco, a string of wampum, a pound of powder, two pounds of lead, and a blanket, if he would tell me all about it. He stood up, and looked around him; and then, holding his head first on one side, and then on the other, listened; when, looking well round him again, he sat down, saying to the interpreter, Ask him if he will give me these things.' Most certainly, I replied, upon the condition that he will tell me all about his art as a rainmaker. He stood up again, and looked and listened, and then seating himself, began: "Long time ago I was lying in the shade of a tree on the side of a valley. There had been no rain for a long time-the tongues of the horses, and cattle, and dogs, all being out of their mouths, and they panted for some water. I was thirstyeverybody was dry. The leaves were all parched up, and the sun was hot. I was sorry, when, looking up, the Great Spirit snapped his eyes, and fire flew out of them in streams all over the heavens. He spoke, and the earth shook. Just as the fire streamed from the eyes of the Great Spirit, I saw a pine-tree, that stood on the other side of the valley, torn all to pieces by the fire. The bark and limbs flew all round, and then all was still. Then the Great Spirit spoke to me, and said, "Go to that pine-tree, and dig down to the root where the earth is stirred up, and you will find what split the tree. Take it, wrap it carefully up, and wear it next your body; and when the earth shall become dry again, and the horses and cattle suffer for water, go out on some hill-top, and ask me, and I will make it rain." I have obeyed the Great Spirit; and ever since, when I ask him, he makes it rain.' of creation. It is my purpose, on the present and upon a future occasion, to enter into some consideration of the elements of this warfare, defensive and offensive. Some of those striking evidences of a foregoing design, which find their wide development in creation at large, are to be found in rich abundance in the discussion of this interesting subject, and reveal to us, at every step, a fresh demonstration of the stupendous attributes of that creative Wisdom which, while it produces a universe, can "I asked to see this thunderbolt that had shivered the pine tree. He rose upon his feet again, and looking well around him, sat down, and draw-stoop to organize a humble insect, or to endow with ing from his bosom a roll which was fastened round form and functions a still more insignificant anihis neck by a bit of deer-skin, began to unwrap the malcule. folds. These were of every sort of thing-a piece of old blanket; then one of calico; another of cotton-laying each piece, as he removed it, carefully on his knee. At last, and after taking off as many folds as were once employed to encase an Egyptian mummy, he came to one that was made of deerskin, which being unwound, he took out the thunderbolt, and holding it with great care between his finger and thumb, said, 'This is it!' I took it, and examined it with an expression of great interest, telling him it certainly was a wonderful revelation, and a great sight; then handing it back to him, he carefully wrapped it up again with the same wrappers, and put it back in his bosom. "The reader is no doubt curious to know what this talismanic charm, this thunderbolt was. Well, it was nothing more nor less than that part of a glass stopper that fills the mouth of a decanter, the upper or flat part having been broken off! "I wrote, and gave him an order for the presents, when he shook hands and left me, doubtless much edified, as well as benefited, by the interview, to carry on his operations as a rain-maker till it should rain." From Chambers' Journal. NATURE AT WAR. To him who is accustomed to contemplate nature as a great scene, in which nothing but universal peace and harmony prevail, it will be a startling assertion to make, that all nature is at war. It is, however, not the less true. Throughout all animated nature, from man himself down to the meanest animalcule sporting in its ocean of a drop of water, there runs a system of reciprocative defensive and offensive warfare—the stronger against the weaker, the greater against the less. Nor are we to regard the vegetable kingdom itself, ordinarily looked upon as so passive and inoffensive, as an exception to this rule the stronger and more luxuriant weed is more than a match for the delicately appetized flower, and it will eventually, though by a power of a negative character, succeed in expelling its gentler rival from the field. But, as a general rule, it is right to consider the vegetable world more sinned against than sinning;" and we consequently find that the powers with which it has been endowed are chiefly of the defensive kind. Still let me not be misunderstood. It is not that I would intimate that a real harmony does not characterize the operations of the Divine creative intelligence; for such a harmony, as wonderful as it is great, really exists, and is, in fact, the wise and beneficial result of this very circumstance the war of nature. From the scenes of confusion, anarchy, and mutual destruction, appearing such when separately regarded, springs that beautiful correlation of organized beings known to the natural philosopher as the equilibrium of species, or the balance as 66 If, in our first excursions into a foreign country, we were to see the inhabitants going about carrying pistols in their belts, and swords in their hands, or covered with some impenetrable armor, we should make the very natural conjecture that an intestinal warfare must be going on. The weapons of offence and defence imply an enemy and a warfare in themselves. When, therefore, we discover among the inhabitants of the animal kingdom an infinity of apparatus expressly contrived for attack and defence, we are led to draw a similar conclusion. Thus, from a brief review of the defences with which the Creator has supplied his creatures, we shall collect the fact, that there is a civil war going on through all grades of the animated and organized worlds. These defences are of many kinds. Such as will admit of classification will be treated of first, and afterwards those of a miscellaneous nature. It will also be convenient to consider the defensory provisions of the vegetable world, though briefly, as distinct from those of the animal, although in their general nature they are closely assimilated. To commence. Imitativeness is one of the most curious and interesting of these means of defence against an enemy; while it is one which in some cases exhibits in a singular light the mental faculties, if the expression can be allowed, of the creatures to whom it has been given. Imitativeness is a safeguard whose utility depends upon a creature passing for what it is not, and being thus overlooked by its foes. Imitativeness is either passive or active. Either the color, form, or aspect of the creature resembles some other natural object, or, by an effort of its own, it is able closely to imitate the object for which it wishes, so to speak, to be mistaken. Among insects we meet with many instances of passive imitativeness: some of the spectre tribe, or Phasma, exactly resemble small branches of trees, aping them in their appearance even to the very sprays, knots, and unevennesses on their surface. Others appear like dried leaves-brown, arid, and lifeless; while others have delicate frames of lacelike texture, so closely approximating to the aspect of leaves whose parenchyma has been removed, (such as we find in ponds after they have undergone a long maceration,) as to render it a matter of difficulty to decide upon their real nature until the creatures are seen in motion. The Bombyx quercifolia, and some of the Lepidoptera, come under this classification. When these creatures are seen on trees hanging down like withered leaves, none but an entomologist would dream of their being anything else. M. Lefevre mentions an insect he met with in the desert, which was of a perfectly identical color with the brown sand; while a little further on, where the soil was white, the insect assumed a sil very white appearance. Insects also often resemble pebbles, stones, gravel, &c., and can hardly be distinguished from them, when resting among such objects, even by a very sharp scrutiny. Many too,. |