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Literary Record.

Messrs. STRINGER & TOWNSEND have nearly ready a work, entitled "A History of the French. Protestant Refugees, from the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes to the Present Day," by Professor Weiss. This work is the result of twenty years' labor of its able author. The subject was first suggested by Guizot to fill a vacant space in history; and its merits have been heartily indorsed by the eminent D'Aubigne, on its recent appearance in Paris. There will be added to the work an important American chapter as an appendix, from the pen of a gentleman of distinction, giving a deeply-interesting account of the Refugees in the United States, with much information of peculiar interest to their descendants, as well as the Protestant world at large. This portion of the work will be very full, being the fruits of much study and research on the part of its author, himself a lineal scion of one of the leading Refugees. The work will be embellished with a portrait of Pope Pius the Fifth, under whose instigation the Huguenots of France suffered great persecution and banishment; together with a facsimile of the medal struck by that remarkable pontiff, in honor of the participants in the memorable slaughter, known as the massacre of St. Bartholomew.

Methodist Quarterly Review. January, 1854. J. M'Clintock, D. D., Editor. This is a superior number of a very superior Quarterly. Art. I. is a fine appreciative sketch of the life and character of Stephen Olin,-a labor of love, and drawn with a master's hand. Art. II. is a very able and profound paper on Coleridge, worthy of the pen from which it emanates. Art. III. is an eloquent and soul-stirring exposition of the spirit and mission of Methodism; let every faint-hearted Itinerant read it and be revived. Art. IV. is a scholarly review of Dr. Stroud's New Greek Harmony of the Gospels. We are glad to see this department of Biblical study receiving more and more attention at the hands of Christian scholars. Art. V., with the title, "Memoirs of Mrs. Seton," gives in brief the mournful history of a deluded woman, full of painful interest and grave lessons for the Protestant world. Art. VI. is a lucid review of Coues' "Outlines of a System of Mechanical Philosophy." This work advances a new, bold, and ingenious theory of physics, the correctness of which remains to be established. Art. VII. is a highly entertaining and instructive examination of Layard's Second Exploration. Art. VIII. is an obituary of Horace Binney Wallace a gentleman little known, but of a remarkably profound and comprehensive intellect, and great promise. A valuable letter addressed by him to the editor of the Review on the philosophy of M. Comte is given. The short reviews and literary intelligence of this number constitute, as usual, one of the chief merits of the work. In these respects this Quarterly is without a rival this side of the Atlantic.

Among foreign literary announcements is a new Literal Verse Translation of Dante.

We have received a catalogue of the officers and students of the New-York Conference Seminary, Charlotteville, Schoharie County, N. Y., from November 1, 1852, to July 28, 1853. This seminary has had a rapid growth and great success. The total number of students is 982, of whom 370 are ladies, and 612 gentlemen. Rev. Alonzo Flack is Principal, and Miss J. Helen Flack, Preceptress.

The Boston Post is informed that a gentleman of that city has offered to give fifty thousand dollars to the town of Brewster, for the formation of a public library there, provided the town will raise an equal amount to be appropriated to the same purpose.

In St. Louis, where Romish education has

long been relied upon, both for sons and daughters, it is at length found to be essentially defective in its literary character, and the community has become sick of it. The present demand for Protestant schools is very great, and those of a decidedly religious character could never command better patronage than

now.

The Springfield Wesleyan Seminary, Mass., appears to be prospering under the superintendence of its laborious Principal, Rev. Franklin O. Blair. Attendance during the past year, three hundred and nineteen.

The Home Journal says, the books for the Astor Library cost about one dollar each, while those of the new Congressional Library cost four dollars and a half.

Henry Ward Beecher is about to publish three volumes, entitled "Star Papers," the contributions he has furnished to the columns of The Independent, during the past three or four years.

The catalogue of the Methodist General Biblical Institute, Concord, New Hampshire, has been laid upon our table. Besides an interesting exhibit of its course of study, official boards, &c., it gives the names of those ministers who have resided as students in the Institution, the Conferences with which they are connected, the dates respectively of their admission, their terms of residence, and the stations to which they have since been appointed; also the names of those who are still in the local ministry. Rev. Joseph Cummings, A. M., has accepted an election to the chair formerly occupied by Bishop Baker.

Mrs. Opie, the widow of Opie the artist, and the authoress of various literary productions, died on December 2, in her eighty-fifth year.

An effort is on foot among the friends of Yale College to replenish its indigent treasury. It is proposed to raise, by voluntary subscription, one hundred and fifty thousand dollars.

The catalogue of the Newbury Seminary and Collegiate Institute, for 1852-53, shows an attendance of five hundred and thirty-four students. The institution is located at Newbury, Vermont, and has an excellent faculty.

In the Legislature of Georgia a bill has been introduced to establish a system of commonschool education in the State, and to appropriate two hundred thousand dollars for the education of poor children in the different

counties.

Out of the two hundred and fifty colleges in the United States, seventeen are reported as under the charge of Jesuits.

The Swedenborgians have established a college at Urbana, Ohio, which has in attendance nearly one hundred students.

Professor Blackie has recommended at Edinburgh, that native Greeks, of education and intelligence, should be invited from Athens or Corfu, to act as tutors to the Greek classes in the British Universities; and that English students should be sent to the Athenian University at Athens, to acquire the spoken language -the modern language being now identical with the ancient in its purity.

Lieut. Gen. Napier leaves his journals and letter-books to his brother William, "with the hope, if anything is published, his own words may be used, and not frittered away."

The second volume of Alison's "History of England, from the Fall of Napoleon to the Accession of Louis Napoleon," is published in London.

In the United States and the territories there are 234 Colleges with 1651 teachers and 27,159 pupils. Annual income from endowment, $452,314; taxation, $15,485; public funds, $184,549; other sources, $1,264,280--total, $1,916,528. Of public schools there are 80,991; of teachers, 92,000; of pupils, 3,354,173. Increase-from endowment, $182,594; taxation, $4,686,414; public funds, $2,574,669; other sources, $2,147,853-aggregate, $9,591,530. So says an exchange.

Horace White, Esq., of Syracuse, has given fifteen thousand dollars to endow a Professorship at Hobart Free College, Geneva, NewYork.

To Rev. Edward Hale, of Worcester, Mass., has been awarded the premium of one hundred dollars for the best essay on "Juvenile Delin

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Arts and Sciences.

PHOTOGRAPHIC pictures are to be taken whereby three aspects of sunshine upon the lunar hills are to be obtained, and the mountains, valleys, coasts, morasses, and sand-banks of the moon are to be measured as if it were only twenty-four miles from our inquisitive astronSo says Prof. Phillips of the British

omers.

Scientific Association.

There are now about eighty pupils in the New-England School of Design for Women.

A London paper states that a new method of painting has been discovered and employed by Horace Vernet. It consists in " mixing the colors with olive oil. When the picture is painted, the back of the canvas is covered with a coating of fuller's earth, which draws the oil through and absorbs it entirely. The painting is thus reduced to the nature of a paste. The fuller's earth is then removed from the canvas, and a coat of linseed oil is applied-always at the back. The colors, in their turn, imbibe this oil, and all the mellowed tones of the old masters are obtained."

A bill incorporating a Bennington Monument Association, and appropriating three thousand

dollars for the erection of a monument to com

memorate the Battle of Bennington, conditioned for the raising seven thousand dollars more by private subscriptions, for that purpose, has passed both branches of the Vermont legislature and become a law.

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The following is the design of the Manchester memorial to the Duke of Wellington: The figure of Wellington occupies the center, and round are grouped statues of Lord Hill, Sir E. Pakenham, General Crawford, Lord Lynedoch, and Lord Fitzroy Somerset. The pedestal is supported at the angles by groups of flags representing those of English, Irish, Scottish, and Welsh regiments. The body of the monument is festooned with triumphal garlands, and the frieze is decorated with wreaths of laurel. In the spaces which intervene are panels in which the sculptor intends to introduce medallion portraits of Gough, Hardinge, Colborne, Sidney, Beckwith, and William Napier, the historian of all the great deeds of the Peninsula.

Two species of fish which bear their young alive have been discovered upon the coast of California.

Hiram Powers, the distinguished artist, has recently been elected one of the honorary Vice Presidents of the " European Association for the Encouragement of Arts and Industry."

Mr. Ruskin, at the close of a recent lecture on the painter Turner, at Edinburgh, said that he had given twenty years to the consideration of the subject, and that he would tell his audience that Turner would take his place in the annals of the life of England, beside Shakspeare and Verulam. "By Shakspeare humanity had been unvailed to us, by Verulam the principles of natural science, and by Turner the aspect of nature."

The ladies of Manchester, New-Hampshire, have contributed a stone to the Washington Monument, with the inscription, "From the Home of Stark."

The manufacture of portable iron edifices is progressing in Belgium. A church of cast-iron is being constructed at Charleroi, which will be removed to Cairo, the place for which it is destined, as soon as completed.

It cannot be too generally known that the ordinary calcined magnesia, mixed with water, is considered a certain antidote to numerous poisons, especially those of metallic origin, such as arsenic, corrosive sublimate, sulphate of zinc, &c. In cases of this deplorable kind, two or three teaspoonfuls of magnesia, mixed with water, should at once be administered, which, in all probability, will save the patient until "the doctor comes.' ""

The nutmeg-tree grows on the south side of the Cosumnes river, in California, and bears fruit superior, it is said, to that which grows on the Spice Islands.

A young painter of Berlin, it is said, has discovered a means of calculating the exact force of the sun's light at any given time. It is reckoned by the blackness produced by the sun's rays at the given moment on photographic paper.

Chloroform has been successfully employed in arresting an attack of cholera. It suspends the functions and quiets the paroxysms of pain, until the appropriate medicines can be absorbed, and the disease conquered.

A discovery, which may prove of some commercial importance, has been made by a British resident in Russia, namely, that the seed of the tobacco plant contains about fifteen per cent. of an oil possessing peculiar drying properties, calculated to render it a superior medium, especially for paints and varnishes.

In Abo (Finland) is now exhibited to the curious a magnetic apparatus for whaling, composed of twelve horse-shoe magnets. The effect is very great, the shocks being dreadful. The electric power is conveyed by an isolated copper wire attached to the harpoon. This apparatus is to be used by a large whaler now fitting out in Abo. The inventor is Professor Jacobi, of St. Petersburgh.

The editor of The Nashville Banner has examined an invention, which, he says, will put it out of the power of an engineer to explode a boiler,

either through negligence or purposely. This improvement provides the upper part of the boiler with two openings or apertures in addition to that for the safety valve, and the bottom of the boiler with one. These apertures are closed by one cylinder and piston and by two valves which are arranged to pass the water from the boiler on to the fire under it, when the steam gets to a given height, thus dampening down the fires, and preventing explosion should the safety valve or engineers fail to perform their functions.

The Gas Company of New-Orleans city purchase their coal at thirty-eight cents a barrel, four dollars a hundred feet, and then sell the manufacture gas out of it, which they sell at residue of the coal, in the shape of coke, for seventy-five cents a barrel.

A new mode of transmitting articulate sounds to a great distance has been discovered. The instrument is called a Telephone; water, a wellknown conductor, is the agent.

A monument has been raised to Titian in the church of Santa Maria Gloriosa de Fiori, at Venice, where he was buried.

The life-raft is a new English invention, which might be used to advantage on our lakes. It is composed of vulcanized india-rubber tubes, inclosed in canvas cases and nettings, so arranged and lashed to cross-spars as to form, when extended, an excellent contrivance not only for floating on the water, but being rowed like a boat, and capable of being conveyed with safety through a surf or heavy sea. In two minutes this raft can be prepared for use and dropped overboard.

The body of a man, found buried six feet in guano, on the Island of Ichaboe, has been on exhibition at the City-Hall, Baltimore. It is petrified and turned to a solid mass of stone, retaining all the minute outlines of a perfect specimen of humanity.

Natural Printing Process.-Under this term, Louis Auer, of the Imperial Printing-office at Vienna, has patented a process for creating, by means of the original itself, in a swift and simple manner, plates for printing copies of plants, materials, lace, embroideries, originals or copies, containing the most delicate profundities or elevations not to be detected by the human eye. Several correspondents of the London Athenæum claim to have discovered the same process a year or two since.

The most distinguished professors of science in France have been engaged, at the expense of the nation, to give the inhabitants of Paris a public and gratuitous course of lectures on Science applied to Art.

It has been proposed, and funds are being raised, to build a monument in Jackson, Miss., to the memory of the Mississippi volunteers who fell in Mexico.

Mr. Leutze is now engaged in painting a large picture of Washington at the Battle of Monmouth, with the arrest of General Lee. This work has been ordered by David Leavitt, Esq., of Brooklyn, who pays ten thousand dollars for it.

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"The Americans are successfully planting free negroes on the coast of Africa: a greater event probably in its consequences than any that has occurred since Columbus set sail for the New World."-Western British Review.

"Their triumph thus far, over extraordinary difficulties, insures the promise that the difficulties yet remaining will, in time, be overcome, and that Liberia will yet stand forth rich in all the elements of a great nation."Bishop Scott, on his recent return from Liberia.

THE

HE establishment of the Liberian colony and republic is certainly one of the most remarkable events of our age. History furnishes no parallel. This republic is the first ever founded without war, revolution, or the shedding of blood. The capacity of the colored man for self-government is no longer problematic, but is fully demonstrated by the Republic of Liberia. Slaves from the United States, made freemen, have become citizens of this infant commonwealth, enjoy all its immunities, vote for their own officers and legislators, and are themselves eligible to the highest honors and stations. VOL. IV., No. 3.-P

Every immigrant is entitled to five acres of land on his arrival; if he has a family he receives a larger quantity, according to its numbers, and can purchase as much as he wishes for a dollar an acre. If he is a mechanic, merchant, or professional man, instead of a farm he can select a building lot in some of the villages.

The Republic of Liberia now extends from Shebar, or Sherbeo River, on the north-west, lat. 70 24' north, longitude 12° 40' west, to Grand Sestees, lat. 4o 41' north, longitude 8° 8' west. In a direct line, its length of sea-coast is nearly four hundred miles, and its extent inland about

fifty miles on an average. The Maryland the thought. Little did any one then colony at Cape Palmas is not at this mo- | imagine that this serious, humble colored ment a part of the Liberian Republic, but youth would one day become the Presisoon will be, when the continuous coast, dent of a far-distant and free republic-a under the control of the American colored miniature of our own great and glorious emigrants, will extend about five hundred nation. and twenty miles. There are twelve millions of acres in the Liberian territory, much of which is very fertile, and most is susceptible of profitable cultivation. It has been ascertained that the produce of a cultivated acre is more than enough to support a man.

These general remarks are presented, as introductory to a sketch of President Roberts, the first and present chief magistrate of the Republic of Liberia. It must necessarily be imperfect, from the want of full information of his life and history. Still we have long known him personally, and write accordingly.

Often did "Aunty Roberts" talk about her boys with the writer, and consult what was best for them. He advised her to emigrate to the Liberian colony with her family; and after several years of thought and prayer as to her duty, she resolved to go. Among other things, Mrs. Roberts took along with her the frame-dwelling of a house for her newly-adopted home. The family left for Africa, embarking at City Point on James River with other colonists, some of whom became most valuable additions to the settlement.

As soon as Mr. Roberts reached the colony, and the scene of his future exertions, he began to exhibit the natural energies of his character. He engaged in mercantile pursuits, and was very success

for supplies. Upon some of these occasions, he would charter an entire vessel for his trading purposes, and the credit he maintained in this country was of the highest character.

For a number of years after the commencement of the Liberian colony, its governors were white men, and appointed by the American Colonization Society. It was always designed, however, by the

JOSEPH J. ROBERTS is a native of Petersburg, Virginia, where he was born of free parents, and was never a slave, as some accounts state. He is now about forty-ful, several times visiting the United States five years of age, of a light complexion, and his hair is not black, but a peculiar and striking brown. His parents were very respectable free people; and his excellent mother, well known for her good traits and piety, was familiarly called "Aunty Roberts." The father of Mr. Roberts died in Petersburg, when he was a boy; but his children were fortunate in receiving the elements of a plain English education. While growing up, Joseph was thought-friends of that noble and philanthropic ful, very industrious, and engaged in navigating a small vessel upon the Appomattox and James rivers. This was his business. His mind becoming impressed with religious concern, he early united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, under the pastoral care of white ministers, and he continues until this time a worthy member of that denomination.

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About the year 1825 a Colonization Society was formed in Petersburg. One or two expeditions, with emigrants, sailed from Virginia for Africa, some of whom became the best citizens in the colony. At that period, the writer would constantly notice the subject of these remarks occupying every Sabbath his seat among the colored people in the gallery of the Methodist Episcopal Church,-I say constantly notice him, for his seriousness and fixed attention to God's word and house were calculated to catch the eye and engage

cause, that colored men should occupy the important post whenever the proper time arrived. It came at last; and Mr. Roberts, for six years successively, presided over the destinies of the young commonwealth" as its governor.

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During the year 1844 a gentleman at Canandaigua, New-York, sent a silver cup to the church in which Governor Roberts worshiped, inquiring at the same time if he was a member of any Christian denomination. In answer the governor replied:

"I am happy to be able to inform you, that I have long been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, upward of sixteen years, and have not failed to find support and consolation in the religion of Christ, and the promises of the gospel. I beg that you will present my acknowledgments to the donor of the cup to be presented to the church in Liberia in which I worship."

In one of his visits to the United States, the governor addressed several public

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