Nuclear Waste Management and the Use of the Sea: A Special Report to the President and the CongressNational Advisory Committee on Oceans and Atmosphere, 1984 - 113 pages |
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Page 52
... rays are high - energy atomic nuclei of galactic origin , consisting primarily of protons ( 86 % ) and helium nuclei ( 13 % ) , with small amounts of heavier Table IV - 2. - Decay Series Initiated by Three 52 Cosmic Ray-Produced ...
... rays are high - energy atomic nuclei of galactic origin , consisting primarily of protons ( 86 % ) and helium nuclei ( 13 % ) , with small amounts of heavier Table IV - 2. - Decay Series Initiated by Three 52 Cosmic Ray-Produced ...
Page 51
... cosmic rays with gas molecules in the Earth's upper atmosphere , are transported to the oceans , the biosphere , and land . Primordial and cosmic ray - induced radionuclides have been sources of marine radioactivity throughout ...
... cosmic rays with gas molecules in the Earth's upper atmosphere , are transported to the oceans , the biosphere , and land . Primordial and cosmic ray - induced radionuclides have been sources of marine radioactivity throughout ...
Page 52
... rays and X - rays that result from the elec- tron capture mode of decay . Of the primordial radio- nuclides listed in Table IV - 1 , potassium - 40 and rubidium - 87 are the most important contributors ... Cosmic Ray-Produced Radionuclides.
... rays and X - rays that result from the elec- tron capture mode of decay . Of the primordial radio- nuclides listed in Table IV - 1 , potassium - 40 and rubidium - 87 are the most important contributors ... Cosmic Ray-Produced Radionuclides.
Page 53
... cosmic ray flux received by the Earth . When these rays collide with gas molecules in the upper atmosphere they produce neutrons , protons , and alpha particles . These secondary particles then initiate nuclear reactions that produce ...
... cosmic ray flux received by the Earth . When these rays collide with gas molecules in the upper atmosphere they produce neutrons , protons , and alpha particles . These secondary particles then initiate nuclear reactions that produce ...
Page 75
... Cosmic radiation consists of both the charged particles arriving from outer space and the secondary particles ... rays and the nuclear radia- tions ( alpha , beta , gamma , neutron ) cause mutations . There is every reason to believe that ...
... Cosmic radiation consists of both the charged particles arriving from outer space and the secondary particles ... rays and the nuclear radia- tions ( alpha , beta , gamma , neutron ) cause mutations . There is every reason to believe that ...
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Expressions et termes fréquents
activity alpha anthropogenic radioactivity areas Atomic Energy Agency chemical commercial containers curies days Beta decay Department of Energy Development disposal of high-level disposal of radioactive dumpsites facilities Federal fission FUSRAP Gamma half-lives Hanford high-level waste IAEA Ibid International Atomic Energy isotope land disposal Low-Level Radioactive Waste low-level waste marine environment marine sediments ment meters monitoring NACOA Navy neutrons Nuclear Energy Nuclear Energy Agency nuclear fuel nuclear power nuclear reactors nuclear submarines nuclear waste nuclides ocean disposal ocean dumping Oceanography Oceans and Atmosphere operation Pacific particles percent plutonium posal processes Protection radiation radioactive materials radioactive waste radioactive waste disposal Radioactive Waste Management radionuclides radium radon release repository Republic Sandia National Laboratories sea disposal seafloor seawater Sellafield Source spent fuel storage Subseabed Disposal Program Test thorium TIAS tion tive Waste transuranic tritium U.S. Department U.S. Nuclear United Kingdom uranium Washington Waste Management
Fréquemment cités
Page 49 - For the purposes of this section — (1) continuity of session is broken only by an adjournment of Congress sine die; and (2) the days on which either House is not in session because of an adjournment of more than three days to a day certain are excluded in the computation of any period of time in which Congress is in continuous session.
Page 49 - Administrator shall submit a copy of the assessment prepared under paragraph (1) with respect to any permit to the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate.
Page 42 - ... dumping" does not include: (i) the disposal of wastes or other matter incidental to, or derived from the normal operations of vessels, aircraft, platforms or other man-made structures at sea...
Page 22 - Dredged material" means any material excavated or dredged from the navigable waters of the United States. (j) "High-level radioactive waste" means the aqueous waste resulting from the operation of the first cycle solvent extraction system, or equivalent, and the concentrated waste from subsequent extraction cycles, or equivalent, in a facility for reprocessing irradiated reactor fuels, or irradiated fuel from nuclear power reactors.
Page 39 - Administrator determines that such dumping will not unreasonably degrade or endanger human health, welfare, or amenities, or the marine environment, ecological systems, or economic potentialities.
Page 73 - byproduct material' means (1) any radioactive material (except special nuclear material) yielded in or made radioactive by exposure to the radiation incident to the process of producing or utilizing special nuclear material, and (2) the tailings or wastes produced by the extraction or concentration of uranium or thorium from any ore processed primarily for its source material content.
Page 44 - Meeting arrived at a consensus on the following: . 1 the Consultative Meeting of the Contracting Parties to the London Dumping Convention is the appropriate international forum to address the question of the disposal of highlevel radioactive wastes and matter into the sea-bed, including the question of the compatibility of this type of disposal with the provisions of the London Dumping Convention...
Page 73 - Decay Product: A nuclide resulting from the radioactive disintegration of a radionuclide, formed either directly or as the result of successive transformations in a radioactive series. A decay product may be either radioactive or stable.
Page 41 - State and public participation in the planning and development of repositories is essential in order to promote public confidence in the safety of disposal of such waste and spent fuel...
Page 22 - Secretary" means the Secretary of the Army. (i) "Dredged material" means any material excavated or dredged from the navigable waters of the United States. (j) "High-level radioactive waste...