pioneers of the western settlements. It was not till flecting men in that region never regarded the great work 1764, that even Dan'l Boone, whose flight from wilder- to be performed in America, as confined to the settleness to wilderness, forms a sort of Hegira in the west, ment of the strip along the shore. It was to open the made his appearance in east Tennessee. The first ces-whole western world as an abode of civilized freemen, sion of land obtained by treaty of the Indians in this state and we wish you God-speed in accomplishing your share is of no older date than April 1775, a momentous month, [of the noble work Two centuries bave passed away as if the great order of events in the country's progress re- since the first settlers of the Atlantic coast were strugquired, that simultaneously as the blow was struck, gling with those hardships, which the generation iramewhich gave independence to America, the portals of the diately preceding you was here e lied to encounter, and western mountains should be thrown open to her sons, we cordialiy rejoice, that a period of thirty years has purwho had hitherto been forbidden, by authority from the chased for you that security and prosperity, which were crown, to extend their settlements beyond the Ohio. with us the growth of a century and a half. We feel [Cheers.] All those high spirited adventurers cannot happy in the belief, that in your further advancement have passed off the stage, who moved forward at the you will not forget the cracies of the American race, and head of the column of the first emigrants. It is related that you will bear in kindly remembrance the men and that in the year 1766, not a white man was found settled the deeds, which are among the dearest titles of our on the Tennessee or the Cumberland, by a party who, in glory. In casting the eye over the map of your state, we that year,-descended these rivers. The population of behold among the names of your counties, those of our the state, at the present period, cannot be less than Lincoln, Greene, Knox, Warren and Perry. We feel 600,000. that our hearts are thus linked together by the tie of common devotion to the precious memory of our great and good men; and we confidently rest in the assurance, that when the present generation, with us as with yon, shall have passed away, our children will unite with yours, in the tribute of gratitude to those who, whether at the north or the south, the east or the west, have triumphed or bied, have stood or fallen, in their country's cause. But it is not merely the rapid growth of the western settlements into populous states, that surprises the traveller from the sea-cost. For this growth he must be prepared because he finds it set down in the statistical tables of the country, and because, as a mere matter of figures, he cannot but comprehend it. That which strikes him with astonishment is the advanced state of the community,the social improvement which he wit-[Great cheering.] nesses. He finds this great region abounding not merely with fertile lands, but with highly cultivated farms, filled, not with wild hunters, but with a substantial yeomanry. The forests are interspersed, like the regions he has left, with villages active with all the arts of life:-he descends the mighty rivers in one of those floating castles-half ware-bouse and half palace, which the genious of Fulton has launched on all our waters; built here in greater numbers than in the east, and with at least equal magnificence; and on these rivers he finds, from Pittsburg down to New Orleans, a succession of large towns surpassed only by a few of the Atlantic cities, growing fast into a rivalry with some of them; and already rich not merely in wealth, but in all the refinements of life, and in all the institutions, that adorn the nature of social intellec-honor, and prosperity will not suffer in the preponde tual, moral and religious man. Gentlemen, it has been justly stated, that when the next census shall be taken, the valley of the Mississippi will probably be found to contain a population larger than that with which the old thirteen states plunged into the revolutionary war, and when, after a period of ten years more, yet another enumeration shali be made, you will then probably outvote us in the councils of the nation. The sceptre will then depart from Judah never to return. We look forward to that event without alarm, as in the order of the natural growth of this grest republic. We have a firm faith that our interests are matually consistent; that if you prosper we shall prosper, if you suffer we shall suffer; that our strength will grow with the closeness of our union, that our children's welfare, rance, which in the next generation, the west must possess in the balance of the country.—~[Cheers. ] Such a spectacle cannot be contemplated without mingled feelings of astonishment and gratification. I am One word more gentlemen, and I will relieve your sure you will pardon me for adding, that it enhances the patience. In the course of human events, it is certain pleasure, with which a son of New England contem- that we, who are now assembled, shall never all be asplates it, to find that among those, who have swelled thesembled together again. It is probable, that when we numbers of this great family;-who have come not mere- shall part this evening, the most of us will do it to meet ly to share your prosperity, but in former days to partake no more on earth. Allow me, with the seriousness inthe more doubtful fortunes of the early settlements, are separable from that feeling, to assure you, that this unnot a few of the children of that distant region. He re-expected and flattering mark of your kindness will never joices that he is able, in addition to the ties of common language, government, and laws, to trace those of common orgin and kindred blood. Nor does he rejoice alone. The feeling, I am sure, is mutual. This festive occasion, gentlemen, is a pledge that you too are not less willing to seize an opportunity, however slight, of promoting that mutual good will, which is more important for the perpetuity of the union, than all the forms of the constitution.[Tremendous che ring.] be forgotten by me or mine, but at whatever distance of time or place, and in whatever vicissitude of tortune, will be remembered, as one of the most grateful incidents of my life. Permit me, in taking my seat, to reciprocate the sentiment last announced, by proposing The inhabitants of Nashville, may their prosperity, like their city, be founded on a rock. The speaker sat down amidst loud cheers. 7. A general diffusion of knowledge—The great guarantee of our independence and prosperity. 8. The age in which we live--Àu age of philanthropy, discovery, improvement and enterprize. 9. The harmony of our domestic circles.--May it not be destroyed by political dissensions, nor marred by the free expression of opposite opmiONS. The beloved land of my birth, gentlemen, compared with yours, is, generally speaking, a barren region. Our rocks and lands yield not those rich harvests which clothe your more fertile soil with plenty; nor are we connected with our sister states by noble streams like yours, which penetrate the country for thousands of miles, and bind the deepest interior to the marts on the coast. But 1 10. The late emancipation of the Catholics-A distinmay venture to assure you, on behalf of my fellow-citi-guished evidence of the march of mind, and of the zens at home, that we behold, not with envy but with spread of liberal feelings pride, your natural advantages and wonderful progress. When we are visited by strangers from Europe, after we have shown them what is most worthy of notice among ourselves, we habitually add, that this is little, compared with the astonishing advancement of the west. We boast of your improvement, rather than our own. We are in the habit of contrasting our eomparatively tardy progress under a foreign colonial system, with your more rapid By gen Gibbs, vice president.-Worth and knowgrowth, beneath the cheering influence of American io-ledge, transcending in their bright career the petty feuds dependence. We look to you to complete the great un- of party. dertaking which was but begun by the fathers of the Several other volunteer toasts were given, after which American people, who settled the Atlantic coast. Re- the company separated, at any early hour. 11. Our fair countrywomen-With mothers so patriotic and intelligent, who can doubt the duration of our government. By George W. Campbell, esq. president of the day. The best evidence of good government; free trade; light taxes and a pure, prompt and impartial administration of justice. FOURTH SERIES. No. 2-VOL. I. BALTIMORE, SEPT. 5, 1829. [VOL. XXXVII. WHOLE NO. 938 THE PAST-THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE. EDITED, PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY H. NILES & SON, AT $5 PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. PRESIDENT JACKSON returned to Washington on the 1st. inst. accompanied by the secretary of war, and gen. Gratiot. His health has been much improved by the trip. spirit and good habits, constituting a capital more valuable than ten times the amount of all that has been lostfully remain; the mills are all standing, and the water runs as before the late embarrassments; and, with all these, I regard it as next to an impossibility to keep ProExtract of a letter from the senior editor of the Register, vidence, &c. in a depressed state, unles because of events to happen in respect to our relative condition with the Dated, Providence, Aug. 31. This town and its neighborhood, which were consi- nations of Europe. And it is asserted that at the present dered as the richest, according to population, in the very reduced price of cotton cloths, because of improvUnited States, and, perhaps, yet are so,-have expe- ed machinery and increased economy, our manufacturrienced very "hard times." Many worthy and indus-ers, not involved by debts, can sustain themselves until trious and enterprizing men, and lately regarded as better times, and a small advance in price shall happen. very wealthy, have been compelled to make assignments But it is not pretended that, at existing prices, they can of their property, and seek relief under the insolvent do more than meet their expenses. An apprehension laws of the state-and yet, without exception, so far as I that the provisions of the present tariff may be disturbed, am informed, sustaining the character of honest men. may have had some effect on the embarrassments of the The embarrassments of these and others, severely af- manefacturers, but will also render them some small Teeted the standing of certain individuals of undoubted service, perhaps, in deferring the operation of newly wealth, and confidence seems to have been generally erected works. Providence has very much improved since I visited it withdrawn from the manufacturers for a time-even from the most prudent and substantial of them. From what in 1824. Its present population is estimated at 20,000. I learn, the state of things at this place, at Pawtucket, Many excellent buildings have lately been put up. The It cost a large sum of &c. was very gloomy, if not awful, three or four weeks arcade is a magnificent structure. ago, with a fearful looking at passing events, and more money, which, however, I am informed the proprietors fearful apprehensions for those which were to happen were well able to spare. The investment has not yet few individuals, in large business, being without the been profitable-nor has that in the Blackstone canal; a range of the ruin that prevailed. The panic that was noble work, about to render much profit to Providence, felt, exceedingly added to the amount of real difficul- and open a way into the interior of Massachusetts for ties, and what appeared to have been the worst state of valuable supplies of flour and grain from Baltimore. Such things was thus encountered. But the people soon be- are among the effects of the "American system" on the gan to rally their spirits-the probable extent of the interior, and most important trade." Tosses by individuals, began to be ascertained-the banks j ELECTIONS. Dr. Gaither has been elected from R. and monied men discriminated between the unembarrassed and those that were insolvent; and, though busi- A. Buckner's district, Kentucky; this result renders the ness has not resumed its former liveliness, confidence is list published on the 220 complete. The returns from returning, and the people are restored to a considerable all the districts of North Carolina have been received, degree of cheerfulness in being much relieved of their and the following gentlemen are elected to the 21st conapprehensions of the future-for there is great satisfac-gress: Willis Alston, Daniel L. Barringer, Jesse Speight, tion in ascertaining the extent of an injury inflicted. The Samuel P. Carson, Henry W. Conner, Edmund Deberpecuniary embarrassments that prevail here, were mainly, ry, Thomas H. Hall, Gabriel Holmes, John Giles, Wiland, with a few exceptions, we might say, exclusively, liam B. Shepard, Aug. H. Shepperd, Robert Potter and caused by excessive extensions of business, and ill-ad- Lewis Williams. vised accumulations of water priviliges and other real es tates, assisted by the reduced price of manufactured goods, and a glut of the market for them. These are things which must regulate themselves-and they will regulate themselves. And the property, real or personal, A NEW WORK. Mr. Skinner, the editor of the “Amechiefly remains for future operations. Individuals have deeply suffered-excellent men have been cast from real rican Farmer," has politely sent us a copy of a new work wealth into actual poverty-but the bustle and business, recently commenced by him, entitled "The American thrift and industry, of Providence and its neighborhood, furt Register and Sporting Magazine." It is beautifully printed in the 8vo. form, and ornamented with several will not long be seriously affected. Few mills or establishments have stopped, or are expected to stop; elegant prints, among them a fine engraving of the celeand the business, generally, will go on as heretofore. brated Godolphin Arabian; executed by Cone, of PhilaAdversity has taught wisdom, and is bringing about delphia, in a style of surpassing elegance; and wood cuts It is devoted to notices of perreformations in theory, as well as practice, of most by Butler of this city, evincing great proficiency in this wholesome character. A greater variety will be giv- department of the arts. to the productions of the spindle and the loom formances on the turf and in the field, &c.--and to the lovand I venture the opinion, that a really better bu-ers of rational and healthy amusement, will present an siness will be done here within six months than at any interesting and instructing source of amusement. It will time within a year or two past! Men will speak of a be printed monthly at 3 dollars per annum. hundred thousand dollars with more respect than former"THE FREE TRADE ADVOCATE," The editor of this ly, and consider well before they invest or make themselves responsible for the payment of such a sum;-yet, paper proposes to enlarge it, so as to embrace other subin my opinion, the general state of society will be as com-jects than politics and political economy. It will be pubfortable, though less apparently prosperous than hereto-lished weekly, in the city of Washington, after the first fore. More business will be transacted for money, and of December next, under the title of the "Banner of the less on credit; and the calamities of those who have fail- Constitution," and advocate state rights, and the doced in their projects or pursuits, will serve as beacons to trine of a strict and limited construction of the constituguide and preserve their successors. Indeed-many of tion, having for its motto the following paragraph-"The the best informed persons believe that the evil times powers not delegated to the United States by the constithrough which they have passed, however distressing tution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to "The terms five they have been to individuals, will result in a general the states respectively, or to the people." good. The industry of the people-their persevering dollars per annum, VOL. XXXVII-No. 2. en In Rhode Island, Messrs. Burges and Pearce have been re-elected by a large majority, after a very arduous contest. STATISTICS OF WASHINGTON. Mr. Sessford, of Washington city, whose carefully prepared tables, &c. exhibiting the rise and progress of the seat of govern ment, we have trequently presented to our readers, has handed the editors of the "Intelligencer," the following statement, exhibiting the value of houses, and furniture, in the city, as estimated by the assessors in 1824 and 1829, shewing a great increase of improvements between the two periods. This assessment is required, by law, to be made every five years. Amount foreign sugar consumed-lbs. Assessment of houses and personal property in Washing-appears that for the last treasury year, there were import ton. 1924. 1829. Wards. Houses. Personal. Houses. dollars. dollars. dollars. First 502,089 129,875 624,783 Second 525,615 999,475 46,214,873 By the last report of the secretary of the treasury, it ed into the United States 56,935,951 lbs, of sugar, that there were exported 10,691,088 lbs. leaving the quantity of foreign sugar consumed 46,244,873 lbs. or a little Personal. more than 46,000 hogsheads, at the rate of 1,000 pounds dollars. Louisiana exported coastwise 60,000 per hogshead. 133,600 hogsheads, sends 15,000 up the river, and consumes 131,600 183,370 5,000, making 80,000 hogsheads. The whole consumption of the United States is thus 43,150 fixed at 126,000, or say 130,000 hogsheads. We sup24,175 36,125 pose that from increasing population there is an annual increased consumption of 5,000 hogsheads, viz. of 1-26th, upon which principle the United States will double her population in 26 years, which is rather sooner than it from increased cultivation to be 15,000 hogsheads, which will take place. We suppose the increased production duct the increase of consumption from the increase of we doubt not it will average for the next five years: deproduction, and the difference is 10,000 hhds. If these data are correct, the production will overtake the conSUGAR AND MOLASSES. Sometime since we saw it sumption in five years. When this takes place sugar stated that Mr. Willie, the intelligent editor of the New will be as unprofitable a cultivation as cotton. The LouOrleans Price Current, had it in contemplation to send isiana bank, Consolidated association, and other similar an agent to all the sugar plantations of the state of Lou-causes, have given an inflated value to property. isiana, with a view of ascertaining the quantity of sugar and molasses made at each; the returns to be arranged in a tabular form, accompanied with such remarks and explanations as would enable the reader, at a giance, to ascertain the most interesting information relative to these valuable manufactures. We have not seen a copy of this useful document; but from an extract made by the editors of the Baltimore American, it appears the names of the planters are arranged under the heads of the different parishes in which their estates are situated, and the number of hogsheads of sugar and molasses made by each, is placed in opposite columns. The distance of the plantations from New Orleans is also given. The following recapitulation will shew the aggregate amount of the two articles made in the several parishes: Hhds. sugar. Hhds. molasses. leaving a balance against us, between our exports of bread stuffs and imports of silks, of 535 242 983 420 East Baton Rouge 558 Iberville 2,249 260 $,1,756,037 [Providence Daily Advertiser. [The importation of seven millions of dollars worth of silks, paying a duty of twenty per cent. is a beautiful commentary upon the downfall of our trade and the shackles upon our commerce. Congress refused at its last session to let an honest man purchase a tract of land belonging to the country, the taxes on which were a loss to the country, for the purpose of cultivating the silk worms; and for no reason but want of time! seven millions are sent out of the country because we have no time to save a portion of it. Rare economists! How long could an individual do business in this way-how long can a nation. [Bos. Cour. THE INTERNAL SLAVE TRADE. A Portsmouth, Ohio, paper, gives the details of a bloody transaction that occurred between a drove of negroes and their drivers, (about Two hundred and six additional planters have engag-eight miles from the above village) in the state of Kenin the business, but did not contribute to the last year's tucky. It appears that the negroes, 60 in number, were crop; they will produce sugar this season, and greatly in-chained and hand-cuffed "in the usual manner of driving crease the above aggregate. The plantation of general Wade Hampton, seventy miles above New Orleans, is the most extensive, the product having been 1,640 hhds. sugar, and 750 lhds. molasses. The next largest amount produced was 999 hlids. sugar and 415 hhds. molasses, on the estate of Mr. Labranche, ten miles above New Orleans. Several other estates produced upwards of 900 hhds. sugar, and from this number the products gradually decrease to the smallest amount. these poor wretches," and that, by the aid of a file, they succeeded in separating the irons which bound them, in such way as to be able to throw them off at any moment. In the course of the journey two of the slaves dropped their shackles and commenced a fight, when the wagoner, Petit, rushed in with his whip to compel them to desist. At this moment every negro was found perfectly at liberty; and one of them, seizing a club, gave Petit a violent blow on the head, and laid him dead at his feet; and AlThe following, taken from the "New Orleans Adver-len, who had come to his assistance, met a similar fate tiser," offers interesting data in regard to the manufacture from the contents of a pistol fired by another of the gang. and consumption of sugar. Gordon was then attacked, seized and held by one of the negroes whilst another fired twice at him with a pistol; the ball of which each time grazed his head, but not proving effectual, he was beaten with clabs and left for dead. They then commenced pillaging the wagon, and with an axe split open the trunk of Gordon, rifled it of the money, about two thousand four hundred dollars. Sixteen of the negroes then took to the woods. Gordon, in the mean time, not being materially injured, was enabled, by the assistance of one of the women, to mount his horsements. and flee; pursued, however, by one of the gang on another horse, with a pistol. Fortunately, he escaped with his life, barely arriving at a plantation as the negro came in sight, who then turned about and retreated. The neighborhood was immediately rallied, and a hot pursuit given-which we understand has resulted in the capture of the whole gang, and the recovery of the great-head man or chief, and duly invested with office. Sener part of the money. THE SLAVE TRADE. According to the last number of the Southern Review, the schooners employed in the African slave trade from the island of Cuba, enter our ports, ostensibly in distress, as vessels engaged in the gold and ivory commerce, and obtain such supplies as are had at a cheaper rate in the United States than in the island. These dealersin blood also repair to the bay of Gibraltar to procure supplies, in consequence of which the governor has called upon the magistrates and others to see that no vessel, to whatever country she may belong, do resort to Gibraltar for the purpose of receiving assistance of any description in furtherance of the slave trade. INDIAN TREATY. From the Galena Advertiser of August 3. We learn from a gentleman who arrived here last night from Prairie du Chien, that a treaty with the Winnebagoes and Pottawatamies had been concluded, and a purchase made of all the lands south of the Ouisconsin, between the Upper Mississippi river and lake Michigan, including all lands in this tract heretofore held by the Indians. We are informed that a small reserve has been made in this ceded tract, but its particular locality, or quantity, we have not understood. The stipulations of the treaty are, that the Winnebagoes are to receive annually, for 30 years, the sum of eighteen thousand dollars, and the Potawatamies are to receive annually, fifteen thousand dollars, so long as they sustain their name as a distinct nation. tion of country set off by the United States for the Creek, &c. Indians. While they were absent at the west, Comstock, the head chief died. It was supposed he was poisoned. Upon their return, they represented the country in such a favorable point of view, that a great part of the tribe agreed to remove thither, provided arrangements could be made to that effect. Accordingly, a party were despatched to the east to make those arrangeWhile absent on this mission, Seneca John and Hard Hickory, a chief, set themselves to work to persuade the tribe not to move, in which they succeeded in a great measure. When the party returned, they reported that the reserve could not be disposed of, as no provision had been made by congress for the purchase. At the council, held soon after, Coon Stick was made eca John was also a candidate for head chief, but was rejected, it being alleged that he drank too much, and was a witch. On the night of the 9th inst. Seneca John was murdered in his residence, supposed by their newly elected chief, in company with three others; and the next day a squaw, (the black widow), was also put to death, charged with being a witch. She confessed having, in company with Seneca John, assisted in poisoning Comstock, their late head chief, besides two or three others. Some of the tribe have been asked whether they regretted Seneca Jolin's death? to which they replied "Me no sorry; he a witch; he screw us all up; it is all right." Indeed many of them tell numerous anecdotes of his witcheries. THE OSAGES, who some two or three years ago went, or were taken, on speculation to Europe, as a show, were, it would appear, abandoned at Geneva by their showmen, or leader, colonel Delaunay. Three men, a woman, and a child born at Liege, had got back to Paris, where, through the intervention of the consul of the United States, Mr. Barnet, a subscription was raising to enable them to return to their own country. A wealthy lady in the Netherlands adopted a child belonging to these savages. The interpreter, Paul Loyse, a half breed, remained faithful to them, and returned with them. of the 27th ult. says: "We venture to assert, reading and writing are as common here as among the neighboring whites; and certainly those Cherokees who have atUnusual harmony between the commissioners and the tended to their alphabet, one week, write more correctIndians prevailed during the treaty, and the Indians ex-ly than the English scholar, who has been steadfast to press perfect satisfaction at the accomplishment of the his book two years." long contemplated sale of their country. INDIAN PRESENTS. The Canada "Colonial Advocate" states, that "about sixty tons of Indian presents are on their way to Amherstsburg and Drummond's island; they consist of blankets, striped cotton, vermillion, brass kettles, tobacco, guns, trinkets and many other articles of ornament and use: they are chiefly distributed among British Indians, but great numbers of Indians from the United States' territories also partake. Fifty or sixty tons more of presents are on their way up in the Alciope. There is no doubt but that they cost the British government an immense sum annually. [A large body of Indians had passed through Lower Sandusky, Ohio, to receive the presents which are annually provided for them at Malden, in contravention we must believe of those bonds of good faith which the respective governments are bound to observe toward each other. The policy of the British government should be checked by prompt measures, else the harmony of our Indian relations may be speedily disturbed, and our frontiers rendered the scene of hostilities.] THE SENECA INDIANS. Lower Sandusky, July 26. Some occurrences of an interesting nature have recently taken place on the Seneca Indian reserve, in Seneca County, near the south line of this county, which we shall briefly notice. The particulars, as far as we have been able to learn, are in substance as follows: ITEMS. Albin Michel has been recognized by the president of the U. States, as vice consul of France, ad interim, for the port of New Orleans. Yellow fever. A letter from one of the most respectable citizens of New Orleans, dated on the 8th ult. to a gentleman in New York, contains the following postscript: "The yellow fever is raging here with great violence. Yesterday, it is said, thirty persons fell victims to it." Riots. A negro riot occurred at St. Barts on the 5th ult, which threatened the most alarming consequences; but it was finally quelled without bloodshed. Colombian tariff. The remonstrance of our late minister to Colombia, Mr. Harrison, has induced the government of Colombia to issue a decree ordering that the new tariff, as it regards the United States, should go into operation on the last of October, instead of July; and as it regards Europe on the 1st of January, 1830. This is a most important regulation, and will greatly benefit our merchants engaged in shipping commodities to Colombian ports. Buenos Ayres. A letter from Buenos Ayres of the 18th of June states, that the federal army commanded by Gen Rosas, had withdrawn to the neighborhood of Chascomus, about 60 leagues in the interior, in consequence of a pledge having been given by the government of Buenos Ayres that they would enter into a treaty of peace. Newspapers. Department of state, Washington, 25th It would appear that a desire of emigration was in the Aug. 1829. The proprietors of all newspapers, now takminds of several of the tribe-in consequence, some of en by this department, are requested to discontinue sendthem went beyond the Mississippi to view a certain por-ing the same after the first day of October next-and to render their accounts to that date. And notice is hereby LIBERAL OFFER. The "Boston Palladium" states that the proprietors of the academy buildings and grounds in Middletown, Conn. lately occupied by capt. Partridge, as the seat of his military and scientific institution, have offered to present them as a donation to the Methodist Episcopal church, to aid in the establishment of a college or university in that place on certain conditions. The buildings, which are of very permanent construction, and grounds, are thought to be worth forty thousand dollars. They are, however, estimated at $33,333 33 and are given gratuitously, on the condition that the Methodist community raise an additional sum of $66,666 66 for the endowment of the college, which is required to go into operation Oct. 1, 1850. PATERSON, N. 3. Below we present an interesting statistical view of this flourishing village, which has grown up with astonishing rapidity; in 1808 its population was about 300; in 1820, 1837. and the officers of the bank are reinvested with power to settle up its affairs themselves. TRADE OF PITTSBURG. The western division of the Pennsylvania canal is already beginning to develope its beneficial effects at Pittsburg. The Gazette of that town of Tuesday, last week, says:- A brisk commerce is prosecuted on the canal. On Saturday seven boats passed through the Alleghany locks -some laden with iron in blooms, some with salt from the Kiskeminitas, and some with coal from Peterson's coal mines, above Springdale. The packet boat General Lacock, and the Pennsylvania, No. I, arrived and departed on Friday and Saturday with passengers. The bringing of coal from Springdale, 18 miles distant, may seem somewhat like carrying coals to New Castle;" but such is the facility afforded by the canal, and such the demand occasioned by the establishment of new manufactories and the increase of population in the city and in Alleghany Town, that it will doubtless be a profitable business. We understand the enterprising individuals engaged in it (Messrs. L. & P. Peterson of this city) have opened extensive mines, provided boats, and made arrangements by which they will be enabled to deliver from twelve to twenty hundred bushels per day in Alleghany town. This will be a very great convenience to the citizens, and will secure them against the fluctuaOne millwright and machine shop, including a black-tions in price so frequently occasioned by bad roads and smith shop, which employs 18 hands. other contingencies attendant on the usual mode of procuring fuel. A general statistical view of the manufacturing establishments, machine shops, &c. in Paterson, New Jersey, July 4, 1829. Three other machine factories, employing 146 hands, where cotton machinery of different descriptions is made, which is said, by competent judges, to be superior to any other manufactured in America. In one of these, that of Godwin, Rogers & Co. were manufactured the last year, 15,048 spindles, together with all the necessary preparations, which, at 12 dollars the spindle, amounts to $180,576. Connected with this establishment is an iron and brass foundry, which produces annually 1,020,000 Ibs. iron and 35,000 lbs. of brass castings. This foundry employs 26 hands. RAPID TRAVELLING. Steamboat travelling, though it has not arrived at the greatest point of rapidity, has accomplished the most surprising results, and leaves us in astonishment when considering time and space. A gentleman in New Jersey recently presented his friend some fine peaches that had been purchased in the Philadelphia market on the morning of the same day, a distance of 90 miles, and stated that he had in his possession a pail of butter that was bought in Albany on the same morninga distance of 150 miles. The New York Gazette states, that two gentlemen, residents of Brooklyn, accidently met each other at sunrise yesterday morning on board of one of the Fulton ferry boats, and, after the usual salutations, There are 17 cotton factories and 32,029 spindles.-14 mutually enquired where each had been. One replied, of these cotton factories are in operation and employ "I have just arrived from Whitehall, which place I left 28,679 spindles. The raw cotton consumed in these at 9 o'clock yesterday morning." The other immediatefactories annually is 2,179,600 lbs. Yaru made annually ly observed, and I have just come from Saratoga, which is 1,914,450 lbs. Medium cost of cotton, $223,501.- I also left at 9 o'clock yesterday," Thus one had travelThere are manufactured in Paterson 150,000 yards of led 215 miles and the other 180 miles, in the astonishcotton duck, and 1,861,450 yards of other descriptioning short period of twenty hours. There is one rolling and slitting mill and nail factory, employing 23 hands, and producing annually 672,000 lbs. of nails. of cotton cloth annually. The cotton yarn, not made The cheapness and facility of travelling in steam boats into cloth, amounting to 1,192,400 lbs. is sent from Pa- from New York, have caused them to be infested by terson, principally to New York and Philadelphia.great numbers of "sportsmen," (vulgo "black legs"), There are in operation in the factories 266 power looms and 26 hand looms. In the town there are employed 195 hand looms-making 487 power and hand looms in operation in the place. The Phenix manufacturing company, engaged in making duck, employ 1,816 spindles. They consume annually 600,000 lbs. of flax and manufacture 450,000 yards of duck and 143,000 yards of bagging. This establishment employs 395 hands. Total cotton and flax spindles in Paterson, 33,645— total employed, 50,295. Total hands employed in the factories, machine shops and other establishments 1,879. A large proportion of these hands are children. Total cotton and flax consumed annually, 2,779,600 lbs. Total duck and cloth of all descriptions manufactured annually, 2,604,450 yards. pick pockets, &c. who prey upon unsuspecting passen THE TARIFF AT THE SOUTH. The Augusta, Geo. Courier, says-A venerable gentleman, one of the oldest, as well as richest citizens of this country, in handing us his subscription money the other day, took occasion to give his opinion of the tariff, and expressed great surprise at the blind opposition of the south, to a policy fraught with more benefit to it, than any other section of the country. He says, he can clothe his negroes for halt the money he used to do, and that the want of mangfactures in this country cost him, during the last war, not less than 10,000 dollars. To us, it always appeared the evidence of perverted intellect, to deny the expediency and utility of every nation's supplying, within itself, all the means necessary for its comfortable existence. That this is a deep rooted conviction in every honest mind, is PATERSON BANK. We understand, says the Paterson proved, by the reluctance with which the south receives futelligencer, that the directors of this institution have certain articles, even from their own fellow citizens of given satisfactory security to the chancellor for the pay-the north. It is evidence of degrading dependance, ment of all its notes, within one year; and that, in consequence, the appointment of receivers has been set aside, There are in Paterson 132 widows, the number of whose families is 667. A large portion of these, were it not for the manufacturing establishments would be dependent either on their friends or the public for their support. [Paterson Intel. which pride urges us to throw off, by providing for ourselves, but which other causes operate to prevent, and |