Extract of a letter to the editors, dated ly availed himself of the northerly winds, that fortunately prevailed, to limit himself merely to a runn ng fight, and On his arrival at Bujukders "I have seen a natural curiosity a few days ago, that I thus save his whole fleet. am very much surprised has not attracted the attention he sent in his resignation, which was not received, but It is a very large spring, m the strong and ene getic investigation was ordered regarding of some person sooner. this suspected high treason; and on the 6th inst. ai urk-county of Wytbe, being one of the head springs of Cripish grandee was taken up, and on the next day was de-pic creek, about 10 miles to the court house, nearly capitated at Bob Jumahy, the gate of the imperial palace, a place where only criminals for high treason are executed, and therefore every body is of opinion, the nature of his crime not having trauspired, that he was one of those concerned in the gunpowder plot. The Turkish fleet, after refitting and taking fresh supplies of gunpowder, started again on the 6th inst. for the Black Sea, under the orders of the same capitan pacha, and every body's attention is agam engaged in the approaching even of the two fleets meeting. We hear of the opening of the campaign by general Paskewitsch, of a new revolt in Arabia, which engrosses all the attention of the pacha of Egypt. We hear of fresh troubles in Bosnia, and it would not be surprising if we should hear that Servia had risen in favor of the Russians. On the other hand, it appears that the plague, which had manifested itself at Gailez, has spread into Arabia, and even to Odessa. It prevails in the camp of Choumla, at Sophia, and in several villages on the banks of the Hebrua. The country of Thrace presents one vast scene of desolation, most of the vilages are de stroyed or deserted, the inhabitants having fled to the towns or the mountains. By letters dated Bucharest, 26 May, it is stated that the accumulation of wounded and sick of the Russian army at Brailia, Thirsova and Katiarasch was very great. The epidemic, which has existed for some time, was still raging. The physicians had not yet been able to agree upon its character, all that they had as yet done, being only in the way of experiment. The reduction of Chomula is spoken of; but it appears to be an almost impregnable fortress, and the attempt would cause a great loss of life. GREECE. south course. It ebbs and flows in the months of Augusi and September only; 10ns four days and stops four days during the two months mentioned. The balance of the year, it runs continually: the water is limestone, and the quantity sufficient for a saw and grist mill. It is an uncommonly large spring: it will begin to blubber and sink back, and not run one drop; and at the end of four utes after, the noise with a biowing, and the water redays, it will roar like claps of thunder, and in a few minturns. The gentleman who owns the spring and lives near it, is the man who gave my self and one other person We went to the spring and drank ot this information. the water, which was exceedingl; fine and cool and of a bluish color-so much so as to color the creek a mile or upwards below, into which it empties. The man who owns it and lives there, is by the name of Pointer, a man of truth and respectability. I asked the neighbors if it was true: they told me it was. There is a mill or mills within one half mile below it, which has to stop when it stops, although on another stream. Itoid Mr. Pointer I would forward the account he gave to you, and give him as my author. He told For myme to do so, that it was the truth, and could be proven er it had passed the notice of men until now. by fifty or more respectable men; but some how or othself, I think it one of the greatest curiosities I have ever seen; much more so than the Natural Bridge, that has attracted so much notice. From the authority for the foregoing account of the spring, i have no doubt of its truth. They call it the Blowing Spring. That the spring is in an obscure neighborhood is the only reason I can give for its passing unnoticed." THE CONNECTICUT SCHOOL FUND. The tollowing extract from the report of the commissioner of the school fund, made to the legislature at its late session, is recommended to the perusal of our read The president of Greece had called a meeting of the members of the Panhetienium tor the purpose of communicating to them the protocol signed in London. He had also issued a decree for the convocation of the national assembly, which was to be held at Argos oners. the 13th of July. It had been doubted whether the president intended to convene this assembly. The acts of capitulation of Missolonghi and Anatolica, signed May 14, and of Lepanto signed April 25, are published at length. By the former it was supuiated that the Turkish families in the two places should be transported by sea with their effects, to Sayada or Prevesa, and the troops should be permitted to retire by and, with their arms and baggage.-By the letter, the garrison and inhabitants of the place, of the Mussul.can religion, were to be transported in Greek vessels to Prevesa. PORTUGAL. The Miguelite government has been compelled to pay £300 for the detention of a British vessel. The Englishman taken out of the Danish vessel has been iiberated. An American vessel was not captured as be fore stated. ed in a storm. The blockading squadron before fericira as sufferOne man of war, ol 74 guns, and a irigate were rendered perfect wrecks: the remaining ships of the squadron had disappeared, and, it was supposed, had sailed for Lisbon. BLOWING SPRING-A NATURAL CURIOSITY. [Richmond Compiler. The capital of the school fund on the 1st day of April, 618,800 90 2d. In bank stock, Fairfield County Bank -1,454,435 31 Windham County Bank 7,000 00 6,250 00 97,850 00 3d. In cultivated lands and buildings, 4th. In wild land, 40. Cadet Benjamin W. Brice, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. Fourth regiment of infantry. 3. Cadet William H. Harford, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 23. Cadet Thomas Swords, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 27. Cadet Chileab S. Howe, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 34. Cadet James Clark, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 41. Cadet Robert W. Burnett, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. Fifth regiment of infantry. 28. Carle: Caleb Sibly, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 35. Cadet James Allen, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 42. Cadet James S. Moore, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. Sixth regiment of infuntry. 18. Cadet William Hoffman, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 24. Cadet Albemarle Cady, to be brevet 20 lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 29. Cadet James H. Wright, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 56. Cadet Jonathan Freeman, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 43. Cadet Charles May, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. Seventh regiment of infantry. 30. Cadet George A. Sterling, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 37. Cadet John P. Davis, to be brevet 2d lieutenant, 1st July, 1829. 44. Cadet Theophilus H. Holmes, to be brevet 2d lieu- By command of the secretary of war, Adjutant general's office, 2d. The brevet 2d lieutenants, will report by letter to their respective colonels, who will assign them to such companies as the interest of the service may require; they are hereby authorized to be absent on furlough, until the 1st of November, when they will join their regiments, and report for duty, unless otherwise instructed from this office. By order of major general Macomb: R. JONES, adj. gen. REGULATIONS CONCERNING BREVET. 5. Officers having rank in the line of the army, the staff, or by brevent, though eligible to command, will not assume the command uniess specially put on duty with that intention. 6. An officer entrusted with the command of a post, detachment, guard, or separate commend, will not surrender it to another, unless regularly returned from the duty assigned him, except in case of sickness or inability to perform his duty, when the officer next in rank, present, and on duty with such command, will succeed as a Datter of course. Не 7. An officer not on duty with, nor belonging to any of the companies, battalions, regiaents, or corps composing a command, cannot assume the command. must first have been put on duty by some competent au thority, to make him a part of the command, before he can assume or exercise the command. 8. If different corps happen to join and do duty together, the officer highest in rank by his commission in the line of the army, present on duty, has the right to command the whole, and give orders neediul to the service: brevet officers, or officers having brevets or commissions of a prior date to those of the regiment in which they serve, cannot, by virtue of such brevets or commissions of a prior date, assume the command. By command of the president: JOHN H. EATON, sec'y of war, By order of ALEX'R MACOMB, maj. gen. commending the army R. JONES, adj. gen. THE CREEK INDIANS, &c. Address of the Creeks to the citizens of Alabama and We, the chiefs and head men of the Creek nation, hare very recently understood that much alarm and exciteinent have been produced in various parts of your country; we learn that it is reported among your citizens that the Crek natiou is becoming hostile and unfriendis to the citizens of said states; and we learn that much uneasmess is inanifested on account or it. All this we are extremely sorrow to near, and we take this method to inform the people generally, that there are no such views in conten plation among the people of the Creek nation; and the re port has been gotten up by some malicious person or per sons to excite the feelings of the white people against us; perhaps for their personal advantage; and perhaps to arouse the feelings of the executive of the United States, for the purpose of forcing us, contrary to our will, from the land of our great forefathers, which has been our nheritance from generation to generation, from time immemorial. Independent of all moral right and moral law, by which we hold the same, the government of the United States nas, by a solemn treaty, made and entered into at the city of Washington by all the constituted authorities of both nations, acknowledged, recognized, and guaran teed to the Creek nation for ever, all the land we now hold, though that is little; and we never can think of movAdjutant general's office, ing from it. Our children are near and deat to us; we Washington, 13th Aug. 1829. must cherish and support them. We wish to live m peace The subjoined regulations, approved by the president with our white brothers; and we wish our children to live of the United States, have been received from the war in peace after we are dead and gone. We wish to cultdepartment, and is published for the information and go-rate peace and harmony for ever. We wish and instruct vernment of all concerned: "Regulations concerning rank and command.” 1. Brevet rank will give no command, except on de. tachments composed of different corps, and within the mering of the 61st article of war. 2. Detachment means a body of troops sent out from the main body, to perform a particular service and to be absent for a limited time: when such a detachment is composed of different corps, brevent rank will take elfeet in conformity with the 61st article of war. 3. Under the same article of war, brevet rank will take place in courts martial, when composed of officers of different corps. 4. In regularly constituted commands, such as garri sons, posts, departments, regiments, corps, companies, battalions, brigades, divisions, corps d'arinee, or the army itself, brevet rank is not to be exercised, except on special assignment. our children to adopt the manners and customs of the whites, as lar as they are capable of so doing, as we find our neighbours, the Cherokees, are fast advancing in the arts of civilized life. This has convinced us that we can do the same and in the course of a few more generations, our old habits, manners, and customs, will we confidently believe, be tully and completely eradicated, and we will assume all the arts of civilization. Now, friends and brothers, we appeal to your feelings of justice and magnanunity for a co-operation in our cause. You are a great, happy, and magnanimous people. You understand how to appreciate tree principles, free laws, and institutions; and according to your honest conception of such laws, you will deal out to us all the rights and privileges that we are entitled to, and have been guaran teed to us by the government of the United States. In closing this commmunication, we beg you, on the part of our nation and ourselves, to accept the warmest feelings of friendship and good will; and be assured that our nation never will spill the blood of our white friends and brothers, so long as the water runs or the grass grows. Dated, Creek nation, Aug. 3, and signed by fifty chiefs and head men. From the Cherokee Phenix of Aug. 12. By the same mail that brought to us the foregoing "important intelligence," the reported threatened hostilities on the part of the Creeks] we received the following letter from colonel Crowell: Creek agency, July 23d, 1829. DEAR SIR: A paper published in Columbus, Geo. has a publication on the subject of Indian hostilities, in which the Cherokees are implicated: this statement is given as coming from me. The object of this communication is to ask of you the favor, should that article meet your eye, and should you give it a place in your paper, to state that you are authorized by me to say that the statement is entirely incorrect, and that no such expression ever escaped me on the subject of the determination of the Cherokees. It is due to the public as well as to the authorities of the Cherokees, that I should correct the errors which are in that publication, at least so far as I am concerned. I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, JNO. CROWELL, agent for I. A. The editor of the Cherokee Phanx, Echota. MANUFACTURE OF SALT. From the Charleston, Va. Western Register. A tabular statement exhibiting the quantity of salt manufactured in the United States, during the year 1827, construsted from information furnished from the manufacturing districts. States. Such as had already invested capital in business, saw in the comtemplated repeal of the salt duty, a certain and speedy depreciation of their former profits, which very naturally prevented further investments by them, and most effectually hindered other capitalists from embarking their funds in a business already precarious. Thus the amount of salt made during that year, was probably much less than the works then in operation were capa ble of producing, or would have produced, had the continuance of the existing duty been deemed less doubtful. But the quantity made even under these depressing circumstances, is adequate to shew the facility and cheapness with which the article can be manufactured, and induces the belief, that under the miftuence of a nurturing protection, enough may be made to supply home consumption. The admission of foreign salt, free of duty, or with a nominal duty, has heretofore been a matter of comparative necessity, arising from the universal demand of that article, and the non-production at home; but as the latter of these causes has been measurably obviated by improv ing our natural resources, policy would seem to require such legislative protection as would ensure adequate supplies, when, by any casualty, tereign importation might be interrupted. In times of peace and of uninterrupted intercourse with foreign nations, the consumer may always procure the necessary supplies of salt at a fair price; but in the event of a maratime war, these supplies must fail, and the want of a home production of the article be severely felt. The principles of reciprocal commerce, are opposed to restriction, as respects many articles, but they relate rather to articles for the supply of the artificial, than the real wants of society. No nation would depend upon her neighbors for supplying the means of offensive or defensive war, as it would in effect, be entrusting them with the control of her destiny. So with those articles Locality or dis-Vumber of Aggregate which are essential to the comforts of society, and without trict. South Carolina Wac. sea shore bushels. North Carolina Wilmington 45,000 Florida Key West New York chiefly west 4,900 1,000 1,104,452 803 848 16,000 10,000 Quantity manufactured at various small works, not enumerated, may be safely esti mated at in each the importation of which, distress would ensue. In respect of such no nation can with safety be dependant, and should not, so far as the means in its power may contain 90,000 a remedy. 485,861 748 2,128 The bistory of our revolutionary war, is pregnant with arguments on this head; and the protection that is now given to the manufactory of blankets, coarse woollens, and other supplies for soldiery, are expressive of the light in which congress has reviewed these subjects. A similar policy led to imposing the twenty per cent duty on foreign salt, the effect of which has been greatly to enhance the quantum of home produced, without ma2,250 terially, if at all, increasing the price to the consumer.5,000 The threatened repeal of the duty, has in some degree, 45,000 however, countervailed its beneficial effects, and lessen4,900 ed the practical results that otherwise would have been 1,000 realized. Sufficient, however, has been done in the pro1,104,452 duction of domestic salt, and in the investment of capital to that end, to warrant the belief that it will be deemed politic to continue the present duty, rather than repeal or lesson it. 929,848 The subject is one of vital interest to the entire community, but especially to the districts engaged in the manufactory of this article, and the deliberations of congress the next session upon the question of continuing or re295,000 pealing the salt-duty, will be regarded with intense anxiety. M. In Ohio are many salt wells; that of Zanesville, on the Muskingum, is 213 feet deep, and furnishes 80 bushels of salt daily; 95 gallons of brine give a bushel, worth 500,000 on the spot 1 dollar 50 cents. In Jackson, on the Sciota, and on the Hockhocking, are several salt springs; in one a shaft has been sunk 300 feet; but the brine has proved weak, requiring 213 gallons to the bushel. There are many other springs in this state, some of which are very valuable. Total 4,151,182 The above table, it is believed, gives a tolerably correct exhibit of the salt made at the different manufactories, as likewise the aggregate produced within the United States. It will be remembered, that during the year 1827, it was in agitation, to lessen or repeal, at the followed session of congress, the twenty per cent duty on foreign salt, a measure, that in anticipation, not a little affected the home production of this article for that year. In Kentucky the salines of the Little Sandy river are the most productive, yielding annually about 10,000 bushels.The waters, like those of the Kenhawa, &c. hold in solution, besides the muriate of soda, the sulphate of soda, sulphate of lime, and a small portion of the sulphate of magnesia. Limestone and sandstone are the only rock found in the vicinity. The brine of May's lick issues from alluvial argillaceous soil. There are other salines, yielding about 10,000 bushels. In Virginia are several valuable salines; the most important are in Wythe county, and on the grand Kenhawa River. The latter has a very strong brine, 95 gallons yielding a bushel of salt. The whole produce of this work is 30,000 bushels yearly. The rocks in the vicinity are secondary, and connected with lime, variegated sandstone, and bitummous shale. All the salt of this state is connected with gypsum. The salt springs in the counties of Ontario, Niagara, Tompkins, and Oneida, have not been used thus far in the production of salt. They are individually of great worth to the proprietors and to the state, and will soon be made productive. The strength of our salt springs is, upon an average, greater that those in Europe, though it is a matter of no practical moment at the present day. It should be remembered, however, that many European brine springs have been estimated too highly. It has been repeatedly said, for instance, that the brine springs of Barton and Norwich, in England, yield six ounces of salt to the pound of brine, or more than one fourth part of pure salt.-Now, experiment proves, according to the minute investigations of the bishop of Landaff, that this cannot be true; for allowing that sixteen ounces of water can hold six ounces of salt in solution, and no more, it fol In Pennsylvania the works on the Conemaugh creek produce upwards of 100 bushels a day, which sells for ninety-two dollars per bushel. After various attempts for 28 years, and sinking a shaft to the depth of 373 feet, the greater part of the way through solid rock, a good supply of brine has been procured in Susque-lows that no brine spring can yield six ounces of salt hannah county, where excellent salt has been manufactured from it. Preparations are making to carry on the manufacture in an extensive manner. N. York possesses inexhaustible sources of wealth in her brine springs, extending through the counties of Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, Ontario, Niagara, Genesee, Tompkins, Wayne, and some small unwrought ones in Oneida. The most important now worked are those of Onondaga, of Montezuma, (Cayuga county) and Galen, (Wayne county.) The Onondaga, or Salt Lake, as it is frequently termed in its vicinity, is six miles long and two miles broad; it is supplied by the Onondaga and Otisco creeks, and emptied by the Oswego river into lake Ontario. The lake, with its vale, is surrounded by hills of limestone containing organic remains. Abundance of gypsum has also been associated with the salt, in the same manner as has been observed in Europe. The most easterly point at which salt springs have been observed in New York is about twenty-five miles west of Utica; forty miles farther west are the salt springs of Onondaga. The most west westerly point at which they have yet been discovered, is at Samt Katha rines, in Canada. from a pint of brine, because sixteen ounces of water with six ounces of salt would be a saturated brine of twenty-two ounces; therefore, if twenty-two ounces of brine, yield six ounces of salt, 16 ounces of brine can yield only four and four-elevenths ounces of salt. So that the strongest brine can yield very little more than one-fourth part its weight of salt. Cheshire salt brine gives twenty-two per cent.; in one remarkable case gave twenty-five per cent.; and once twenty-six per cent. of salt. it In Switzerland, from thirteen to fourteen per cent. is the usual strength of the salt brine springs. In France eleven per cent. is the average. Most, or perhaps all our brine springs are original or primary sources. At Halle, in Germany, and at many other places, mines are worked by cutting parallel galleries in the parent rock, and forming dykes to turn water into them. where it remains until saturated It is then drawn off and evaporated. In most cases judgment and experience are necessary in drawing water trom salt pits, whether natural or artificial, where it reposes immediately on the salt. As the stratum of satured water next the salt has an increased specific gravity, and will remain at the bottom, preventing the great volume of water from coming in contact with the mineral to be saturated in its turn it is necesaary to keep water in motion. Experience has proved the great utility of this expedient, which will saturate the water in a much more expeditious and effectual manner than by allowing it to remain at rest. The country or valley of the Onondaga is several feet below the level of the adjacent plains, and consist of an indurated red and green clay, with their intermediate varieties. The springs rise to the surface on the borders of the lake, and even far up the creek, supplying it with water. On the borders of this creek, springs of fresh and salt water rise within a few feet, and, in some instances, within a few inches of each other. The quan- DINNER TO MR. EVERETT, OF MASS. tity of salt held in solution varies greatly in different A public dinner was given at Nashville, Tennessee, on springs, even in those that are contiguous. The strength the 2d June by a number of the citizens of that place, of of the brine is influenced by the temperature of the sea- all political parties, to Mr. E. EVERETT, of Massachuson. During the last summer, which was there a re-setts, in testimony of their respect for his high character markably dry season, the springs continued to discharge as a scholar, a statesman, and a gentleman. The followtheir usual quantity of water, but it was weaker than had ing note was addressed to him by a committee: been before observed. Many of them are deserted on finding others of a stronger brine. The strength of these springs is comparatively very great, as will be seen by the following list of brines, and their products. From the springs in the town of Salina, (including the villages of Salina, Syracuse, Liverpool, and Geddes burgh), it is calculated that at least three millions of bushels could be made annually, should the demand justify it, yielding to the state a yearly revenue of 375,000 dollars. Montezuma, in the county of Cayuga, embraces salt springs of great value. The works are owned by a company engaged in the manufacture of refined or rectified salt. In 1810, the county of Cayuga furnished nearly 60,000 bushels of salt. How much is made at present I have not been able to ascertain. In the county of Wayne, the town of Galen manufactured about 150 bushels daily in 1810, making an average of about 50,000 yearly. There are several other valuable salt springs in this county. Genesee county contains several valuable salines: but they are not extensively wrought, yielding only a few thousand bushels a year. Seneca county enjoys fine salt springs in Wolcott and the neighboring towns; but they are not productive at present. Hon. Edward Everett, Nashville, May 50, 1829. Sir: The undersigned, in behalf of themselves and a number of their fellow citizens, residing in Nashville and its vicinity, solicit the pleasure of your company at a dinner, to be given at the Nashville inn, on Monday next, or on such other day as may suit your convenience. and neighborhood to be afforded an opportunity then to It is peculiarly gratifying to the citizens of this town testify, without distinction of political parties, their cordial and sincere respect for your personal character and distinguished attainments. Very respectfully, your obedient servants, To which he returned the following answer: Gentlemen: I have had the honor to receive the communication, which you have been pleased to address to me, on behalt of yourselves and a number of your fellow citizens, residing in Nashville and its vicinity. 1 cannot but feel highly flattered by this manifestation of kindness, tendered to me from such a source, and without distinction of political parties. Allow me, in accepting this invitation, to offer to you, on this occassion, my grateful acknowledgments for so distinguished an act of hospitality. I am, gentlemen, with high respect, your obedient servant, EDWARD EVERETT. In consequence of a prior engagement for Monday, Mr. Everett suggested his wish that the proposed dinner should be given on the day following, and suitable arrangements were accordingly made for it on that day, at the Nashville inn. George W. Campbell, officiated at the dinner as president, and gen. G. W. Gibbs as vice president. TOASTS. more awake on the subject of this than of any other portion of our country. Of the Atlantic coast they have some general knowledge, arising from the length of time since it was settled, and the political events of which it has been the theatre; but the valley of the Mississippi seemed to have presented itself, as it were suddenly, to their imaginations, as a most peculiar, important, and hitherto comparatively unknown region. But from the time, that I have been led more particularly to reflect on the western country, in its social relations to the rest of the union, I have felt an irresistible desire to endeavor to understand, trom personal observation, the stupendous work of human advancement, which is here going on, and of which the history of mankind certainly affords no other example. I cannot but think it the most interesting subject of contemplation, which the world at present af 1. The union of the states. May time multiply its ad- fords.-A part from the grand natural features of the vantages and increase its strength. 2. The president of the United States. 3. The Declaration of Independence. A charter of immortality to its signers. 4. The heroes of the revolution. Where will be the abiding place of liberty when their achievements are forgotten. scene, the aspect of populous towns springing like an exhaltation from the soil,-of a vacant or savage wilderness transmuted in one generation, into a thickly inhabited territory-must certainly appeal as strongly to the inquisitive mind, as the sight of crumbling towers,-of prostrate columns, of cities once renowned and powerful, reduced to miserable ruins, -and crowded provin ces turned into deserts. While these latter objects are thought sufficient to reward the traveller for a distant pilgrimage to foreign countries, he may well be pardoned for feeling himself attracted by the opposite spectacle which is presented to him at home; a scene not of decay 6. Our guest, the hon. Edward Everett, a distinguish-but of teeming life; of improvement almost too rapid to ed representative of the learning, taste, liberality and re-seem the result of human means. finement of the eastern section of our country. 5. The remote sections of this great republic. The more intimately they become acquainted with each other by friendly and hospitable intercourse, the more will their mutual prejudices subside, and reciprocal respect and attachment prevail. It is a remark often quoted of a celebrated foreign The drinking of this toast was followed by long and statesman, (Talleyrand), that America presents, as you continued tokens of approbation. When these had sub-travel westward, in point of space the same succession of sided, Mr. Everett rose and saidappearances, which may be traced in Europe, as you go Mr. president and gentlemen.-The sentiment which back in point of time;-that as you move from the coast has just been announced, and the kind attention, of which toward the interior, on this continent, you pass through I find myself, on this occasion, the object, demand my those stages of civilization, which are found in Europe as particular acknowledgments. Coming among you from you follow its history back to the primitive ages. If we a remote district of the country; personally acquainted take the aboriginal tribes of our continent into the on my arrival with but a single individual, besides your survey, there is some foundation for the remark, but distinguished representative in congress; possessing none applied to our own population, it is rather ingenious of those public and political claims on your notice, which than solid. The scene presented, by our western coun are usually acknowledged by courtesies of this kind, I try, is not that of a barbarous race, growing up like find my self the honored guest of this day; cordially greet- the primitive tribes of Europe, into civilized nations; ed by so large a company, where I could have expected but it is the far more interesting, because the more only to form a few acquaintances, and made to feel myself rapid and intelligent progress of a civilized people, exat home in the land of strangers. I should feel that sense tending itself through a rude wilderness, and transplantof oppression, which unmerited honor ought always to ing the mature arts of life into the hidden recesses of the produce, did I look within myself for the reason of this forest. The traveller, who penetrates a thousand or two flattering distinction. It is not there, gentlemen, that I thousand miles from the coast to the interior, may find, look for it. I know that it flows from a much higher it is true, the log-hut of the first settler, as he may find source; from your ready hospitality;-from your liberal within the limits of Philadelphia and New York, aye of feeling; which is able to take in those parts of the republic Paris or London, many a wretched hovel far less comwhich are the most remote from you: and which disposes modious; but he will also find here substantial dwellings you, even toward the person of an individual stranger, to-spacious and even magnificent mansions-the abodes of strengthen the bonds of good will, between all the brethren of the great American family. It is in this view of the subject alone, that I could reconcile my accepting this kind proffer of your public attentions, with the inoffensive privacy, which it is my study to preserve in my present journey; for the sake of which I have been led, on more than one occasion, since I left home, to express a wish to be excused from similar attentions on the part of political friends; attentions which would have implied a public standing which I do not possess, and would have caused my excursion to be ascribed to another than its real motive. competence and of abundance,-surrounded by all the indications of the improved arts of life. I have learned, to my astonishment, that within twenty years the city of Nashville has grown up, from not exceeding four or five brick houses, to its present condition, as a large, populous, and thriving capital; the mart of a great and mereasing commerce, exhibiting, for the number of its inhabitants, as many costly edifices, as any city in the union. The log houses have disappeared, not in the lapse of two thousand, or even of two hundred years but in the lapse of twenty years,-primitive forts of the old hunters are gone, not by decay of age, but in the progress of society for a single generation. Far as we are from the coast, we walk abroad and find ourselves, not in the rude infancy of society but in the midst of its arts-its refinements-and its elegancies,-the product not of centuries but of the life of man, We are told that "A thousand years scarce serve to form a state"An hour may lay it in the dust." That motive, gentleman, is the long cherished, wish to behold, with my own eyes, this western world, not of promise merely, but of most astonishing and glorious fulfilment. The wonders, as they may justly be calied, of the west; the prodigious extent of the territory; the magnitude of the streams, that unite into one great system the remotest parts of this boundless region:-the fertility of its soil, of which the accounts, till they are verified by actual ob- The reverse seems almost true. While we contemservation, seem rather like the fables of romance than plate in Europe the fate of kingdoms, that have been sober narrative, were among the earliest objects, that at-tottering for ages on the brink of decay, slowly dying for tracted my youthful curiosity. While visiting some of a thousand years, we behold our own republics rising the most ancient abodes of civilization in the elder world, into maturity, within the experience of a generation. I had frequently occasion to observe (and I have no doubt Mr. President that your observation confirmed the fact) that the curiosity of the intelligent men of Europe was Were they not our countrymen, our fathers; did not the grey hairs of a few surviving veterans carry conviction to our minds, we could scarte credit the narrative of the |