THIRD SERIES. No. 2-VOL. IX.] BALTIMORE, SEPT, 8, 1827. [VOL. XXXIII. WHOLE No. 834 THE PAST THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE. edited and puBLISHED BY H. NILES & SON At $5 per annum, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. the opinions introduced and acted upon in the United States, in consequence of the French revolution, will be obliterated, &c. In answer to numerous enquiries, the senior editor of the REGISTER, as chairman of the committee to whom the subject was referred, has the pleasure to say, that the address of the General Convention which assem- All this is very true. A great part even of the legisla bled at Harrisburg, and a great mass of statistical matter, tion of our country, is held upon the prejudices alluded the chief part of which has been specially prepared for to our merchants are regarded as the carriers of the this occasion, is now nearly ready, (and much of it in world, and our farmers considered as supplying half Eutype for re-examination), after a very severe application of rope with bread and meat! When legislators persist time and industry to accomplish the views of the com- in their operations against the evidence of facts, it is not to mittee and bring out the principles and objects of the be wondered that the people, generally, should hug their convention; and that, if success shall not attend the errors and neglect to reason. But a great alteration has exertion, he hopes it will be made apparent that humble, taken place, or is going on. The dullest individuals disbut zealous, efforts have been made to deserve it.-For cover that if the products of their labor is doubled in a month past, this work has occupied, at least, eight value, they can afford to pay an advance upon the labor hours daily labor at the desk; and if all that should be of others-and many have found out that an article sold done has not been done, or could not be done, (because of to a neighbor for five dollars, is really worth as much to the dispersion of facts and the difficulty of obtaining them as though it was sent to the East Indies and five them), that some have expected, he flatters himself that dollars brought home for it! Others and many, begin to the attempt to show and calculate the interior resources grasp the whole subject of production and demand, and, of our country and its various wants, may lead others though the progress of light is slow, it is certain-and it more capable to the building up of a system which shall is pleasant to believe that tens of thousands of persons hereafter exhibit to the public understanding those things have lately commenced thinking upon causes and effects most important to the public welfare. After the whole and are making calculations for themselves. The state shall be published in a pamphlet, as directed by the con-of society is improving, and the love of thought will vention, it will be inserted in the REGISTER, assisted by abound. extra or gratuitous sheets, for general reference; and the facts will not be less useful to the opponents than the friends of the "American system," the presumption being that both mean to do what is right. STRANG'S CONFESSION has been published, and the part which we have seen contains a letter from Mrs. Whipple. It is either a tissue of most wicked falsehoods, or this miserable woman ought to have been suspended by the same cord, that she might have passed to "the judgment" The absolute necessity of much reducing our ex- with the unfortunate man whom she seduced into adultechange list, has been several times mentioned. We in-ry and the murder of her husband. It is a disgusting tile, tended to have given notice of it at the close of the last The woman is represented as not only making all advolume, but forgot it. Such editors as shall not receive vances to crime, but as actually furnishing the very bulthis paper hereafter will conclude that we either desire to let designed to destroy her husband. It is not easy to cease an exchange with them, or regard it as necessary apprehend of what base materials such a creature i that "the difference" promised to be paid was forwarded.formed. The receipt of many papers imposes an obligation to A NEW MILITARY WORK, compiled by moj. Holbrook, open and examine them, causing a great waste of time to late instructor in the military academy at Middletown, little profit, in addition to the expenses incurred in supply Con. and formerly brigade major and inspector of ining copies of the REGISTER, We shall still keep up a libefantry, has lately appeared, and we have heard it highly ral intercourse with our brother editors in all the states, spoken of by some whose opinious are entitled to entire that we may glean whatever is useful to the public intelli-respect. The directions are said to be more clearly exgence and for record.. pressed than is usual, and its arrangement as excellent, and in striet conformity to all that is practised in the army Though carefully looking for it, it was not until of the United States. It is regarded as a practical work, Saturday last that we met with a copy of Dr. Cooper's which even the best informed in military tactics may conspeech, delivered at Columbia, S. C. against the princi-sult with advantage, and the less experienced rely upon ples of the tariff, and especially opposing a further increase for sound information and useful remark. Much matter of duties for the encouragement of domestic manufac-is compressed in a small space, and references to particutures, and we first read it in a Huntsville paper with the lar things is rendered certain and easy. It is for sale in hope of improvement-which, we regret to say, has not the principal bookstores in the United States. been afforded: for the distinguished and learned gentleman has, in our opinion, more indulged his feelings than exerted his powers of argument. As this speech has been much spoken of, and, because of some of its parts may be as much sought for by others as it was by ourselves-and is, besides, a proper article for record, we give it a place in the present sheet-that the friends and opponents of the "American system" may use it respectively to support themselves in the best manner that they can. We may refer to it hereafter. The whole proceedings of the Columba meeting are inserted. SAXONY SHEEP. A late number of the Boston Patriot informs us that-The sale of 101 Saxony rains, imported in the brig Comet, from Hamburg, took place at Brighton on Friday. They were from one to four years old, principally one and three. The amount of sales was nearly $3,000, and the prices ranged from $8 to $64average $27. The Mentor, which arrived at that port from Ham burg, brought 182 Saxony sheep. "THE IRISH POPULATION" in the United States, we ob serve, is supposed to amount to 500,000; natives we prePROGRESS OF RIGHT. A Pennsylvania correspondent sume must be meant, from the use of the term, and if so, observes, that the progress of knowledge is slow-that it would seem that the sum must be exceedingly exag years are required to remove the prejudices of a people-gerated. About 33 years are allowed as a generation of that is, those notions which they entertain they know not men; then if we take the medium quantity of years, it will why, never having enquired into the right or wrong of appear that, to make up 500,000 natives resident among them; that, in times of party excitement, even old princi-us, the immigration must have amounted to more than ples often give way; that ten years of quiet would be ne-30,000 persons annually-whereas the average las not essary to bring about a general regard for political econo- exceeded 6 er 7,000, for twenty years past, if it has my, and that a whole generation must pass away, before reached that number. The population of perscus boqu in VOL IX-No. 2, The first returns have been made from the gold and foreign countries to the whole population of the United States, is much smaller than most are led to believe-silver mines worked by English capital in America. The many of the heads of families are of this description, and quantity does not amount to more than £10,000 we note them; but do not count their children or put them down as natives, even though they are such. Mr. George Tierney, jr. and Mr. James Brougham, brother to the late queen's counsel, are appointed commissioners of customs. The office of under secretary of state for the home de ELECTIONS AND ELECTIONEERING. The returns for the election of governor of Tennessee as far as received,partment, which Mr. Hobhouse is on the point of vacatgive gen. Houston a majority of 11,143 over his opponent ing, will be filled by Samuel March Phillips, esq. barMr. Cannon. Several counties were to be heard from, rister at law. but it is believed the majority will not be much varied Lord William Bentick, has been appointed gov. gen. from that given above. The total number of votes as far of Bengal. as received, were for Houston 42,433 for Cannon $1,290. Mr. Blunt was also a candidate, but only received a small number of votes. In eleven counties in west and one in east Tennessee, there were 9,267 votes for, and 7,148 against, a convention. The following gentlemen compose the representation from the state in congress. First district-John Blair, Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh- *Prior Lea, -James C. Mitchell, -Jacob C. Isaacks, *Robert Desha, *John Bell, -James K. Polk, A statement is given in the Kentucky papers of the result of the congressional election in the 1st district, from which it appears that Mr. Daniel is elected by a majority of 355 votes over Mr. Trimble; for Daniel 4,163, for Trimble 9,808. The officers of the customs at Liverpool refused to receive entries of Indian corn at 10 per cent. but on orders having been received from London it is now admitted by paying that duty. The crops of all descriptions, are said to be exceedingly abundant. A London paper states that the proprietors of the Philadelphia Album have proposed a salary of $1,500 per annum to Mrs. Hemans, together with a house rent free, and furnished, if she will accept the editorship of their paper. It is said that the yearly income of the marshal of the king's bench prison, (who is a licensed victualler), out of the prison, amounts to between £15,000 and £20,000, being greater than the salary of the lord chief justice of the king's bench, or the president of the United States of America. [Yes: almost four times as much.] Liverpool, July 28. The sales of cotton from the 21st. to last evening, amounted to 7,200 bags, including 490 sea islands, at 10 to 15d; 2,560 Uplands, 6 to 7 1-8, 1,220 Orleans, 6 to 8, and 50 at 84; 1,320 Alabamas, 6 to 6. Import of the week 13,732. The arrivals to-day Tristram Burges and Duttie J. Pearce, have been re-have been about 15,000 bags. Although no decline is elected members of congress from Rhode Island without opposition. The Savannah papers state, that Edward F. Tattnall, esq. a member elect, and for several years past a member of the house of representatives from the state of Georgia, has resigned his seat in congress, in consequence of continued ill health. Mr. Wing has been elected a delegate from Michigan by a majority of seven votes over Mr. Biddle. quoted, holders have been obliged to make some concession to effect sales. The ratification of the commercial treaty with Mexico has been received in London. The treaty does not recognise the Protestant religion, as has been agreed on with the Colombian states. The brig Primrose that returned with Mr. Ward, the British minister to Mexico, had on board upwards of $1,200,000. Mr. Ward visited the principal mmes in Mexico and was much pleased with their prosperous condition. In consequence of the announcement of the bank of England to reduce the rate of discount to 4 per cent. which has also been established at the branch establishments in the country, the private bankers in London have reduced the charge of discounting bills to 3 per cent. In Manchester the bankers have also reduced it PORTUGAL. The electoral college of Meaux ought to be compos-to 3 per cent, with notice that after the 29th of Septemed of 420 electors, without including 80 liberal electors, ber next, the allowance of interest on deposits will only whose taxes were so graduated in spite of them, as not be 23 per cent. to reach the sum of 300 franes, required by law. The prefect first struck from the list arbitrarily, and without reason, 30 old electors. He refused admission to about 60 young electors, all patriots, who had just reached the age of 30 years. The princess regent of Portugal is restored to health, and a Te Deum was sung at Lisbon on the occasion. The marquis of Angeja, the constitutional general, is dead. The Conde de Lumiares is appointed governor general of the province of Minho, and the marquis de Valencia of Tras os Montes. The people are dissatisfied, and the soldiers desert daily into Spain. RUSSIA. Advices have been received by Tartars from Persia at Constantinople, which state that the discomfiture of the Russian army was of such a nature that it was taling back in every direction, or m other words evacuating the Persian territory, and re-entering Georgia. The emperor Nicholas was invested with the insignia of the order of the garter, at St. Petersburgh, on the 10th of July, with great pomp and parade. One of the wealthiest Polish lords, count Savinskie, has lately had another piquet match. Some time ago while on an embassy to Constantinople, he won from a captain pacha, at chess, 12 slaves, with 16,000 leopard skius, which he afterwards sold in Hungary for 1,600,000 francs. he sat the slaves at liberty on the spot. In his late game he has lost 20,000 acres of wood, with a magnificent mansion, on the banks of the Ester, to the prince Dolgorouki. AUSTRIA. The Austrian government has become alarmed at the great increase of students in its donituons; and in order to set bounds to the increase, they have directed that the young men who pass from one principal school to another must undergo a strict examination. No youth can be admitted into a grammatical class who has passed his 14th year. No more than 80 pupils to be received in any one class. TURKEY AND GREECE. The pacha of Egypt has determined not to act in concert with the Turks. The sultan is said to be making great exertions to raise a powerful army, being determined to hear no further propositions regarding Greece. Gen. Church is still in the island of Regina. Lord Cochrane is preparing his fleet at Hydra; it will be composed of from forty to forty-five vessels and thirty-five fire ships. The ministers of England, France and Russia, have reproached the reis effendi, because the declaration of the porte respecting the proposals relative to Greece, had no signature. The French ambassador declared that this paper violated all the forms. M. de Ribeaupierre then protested in the most energetic manner, by a note, against the assertion of that declaration, according to which the proposals of the allied powers are contrary to the protocol of the conferences at Ackerman; and invited the reis effendi to consult for this purpose. The porte has made no answer to these representations, and the European ministers seem disposed to confine themselves to this step, till they have received fresh instructions. Letters from Aleppo, dated 22d of May, state, that for three weeks previous, the plague had carried off from four to five hundred persons daily, and that the city was in the greatest consternation in consequence. COLOMBIA. We have various and conflicting accounts of the situation of this country, and it is almost impossible to draw a just inference from them. Santander, the vice president, is represented as having been concerned in a plot of Bustamenti to separate the southern department from the republic; to quell which large forces had been marched from Carthagena, Venezuela and Maracaibo. Bustamenti's division rebelled in Peru, and it is said that he is on his way to Colombia a prisoner. It again is stated that a perfectly good understanding subsists between Santander and president BOLIVAR; the only difference even of opinion being that Santander has never approved the antirepublican features in the Bolivan constitution. He has, however, earnestly insisted upon the continuance of the liberator in the station of president of the republic, and the congress has refused to accept his own resignation of the vice-presidency. Bolivar left Carthagena on July 28, for Bogota to take the oath required by the constitution, having consented to assume the reigns of government. The two frigates built in this country are laid up and rapidly going to decay. Our previous accounts of the destitute situation of the seamen who went out in these vessels, is confirmed. They were actually dying in the streets for hunger. The New York Daily Advertiser furnishes an interesting abstract of the message of the vice-president Santander, delivered at the opening of the present session of the Colombian congress. has also been received by La Plata; and col. Palacios has been sent to Brazil as minister extraordinary, in order, if possible, to restore peace. The treaty with Great Britain was ratified in London on the 7th October, 1825, without any alteration, and every exertion has been made to have it observed. The subjects of that country and those of the United States have been placed on an equal footing, according to the terms of the treaty with the latter; but the vice-president fears that the late agitations may have caused the violation of some of the articles of this and other treaties. He has not been informed of any such instance; but he declares that he feels the liveliest interest in the welfare of the allied, friendly and neutral nations, and that no exertions shall be wanting on his part, to make reparation. The king of France has sent out M. Martigny, appointed by subaltern authority, general agent for French commerce; and while the government regretted that they could not, in so informal a case, deliver him his exequatur, they received him in the capacity in which they formerly received the English and Dutch commercial agents; and the "national flag now waves in the ports of France." He rejoices at the recognition of Hayti, and says Colombia owes her a debt of gratitude. With regard to the rebellion of Paez, Santander still holds a bold and manly tone, speaking without timidity and without disguise of things and men as they werefrom the accusation of Paez by the municipality of Caracas, the declaration of Valencia in his favor, the proclamation of the Bolivian constitution by Guayaquil and other towns, down to the general pacification effected by the appearance of Bolivar, who came "like the rainbow of peace." The vice president still persists in the opinion that the revolution was not approved by the majority of the inhabitants or army in the north, indications of which he finds in the desertions of the troops of Apure, and the town of Puerto Cabello. BRAZIL AND BUENOS AIRES. A London paper says, it seems certain that the British government has received despatches from Brazil respecting the signature of the preliminaries of peace between Brazil and Buenos Ayres, and it is asserted with confidence on this authority, that, besides the payment of a considerable sum by Buenos Ayres to Brazil, it has been determined by the treaty that Monte Video, and a considerable portion of what is called the Banda Oriental, is to be formed into an independent government. Nothing has transpired, but it is considered that it will be like Buenos Ayres-republican. The intelligence was com municated in the city at a late hour to day. UNITED STATES AND MEXICO. An English paper states with much exultation that "the commercial treaty which Mr. Poinsett, the ambassador from the United States, has been some time negociating with Mexico, was not likely to be speedily concluded. It was quite understood that the congress and senate [of Mexico] would reject every proposition that would be adverse to the English interests; but, at present, the treaty is rejected, because it lays down a different line of boundary to that which had before been admitted, and by which the Americans lay claim to the rich province of Texas. The American minister, it is added, is an intriguing clever man, but the Mexicans are firm in the determination not to give up one acre of their territory.” POLITICS OF THE DAY. Extract of a letter from Joseph Kent, esq. governor of This document commences by expressing regrets that the tranquillity of Colombia should have been disturbed by the revolutionary movements of Paez, just at a tine! when every thing seemed to indicate the stability and regularity of the govern.nent. Exertions were at the moment making at Madrid by the powers who had recog nized the independence of South America, to persuade the court of Spain to adopt a similar measure, when the occurrences in Valencia transpired and awakened in the mind of the king new hopes of re-establishing hi power in his ancient colonies, and he accordingly suspended the "I have seen so little of late from your state upon the negotiations. The view presented by Santander of the subject of politics, that I do not know whether the vioforeign relations, is at once clear, forcible, and encourag-lence of the opposition to the present administration, has ing. The style is remarkably fine; indeed it is a model for a state document. Pera has recognized Bolivia, which La Plata has as yet refused to do. The republic of Central America has received the Colombian minister, and ratifications of the treaty of perpetual union, league and confederation, have been exchanged, although the alteration made in Guatemala of one article will prevent its punctual observance: a charge d'affaires from Colombia extended itself among you or not. "Our friend Mr. Clay, appears to be the chief object of persecution with the opposition. They are with great industry, conducting a systematical attack upon him, which commenced with the Kremer story, which was an entire fabrication. "At the time the plot opened I was a member of the house of representatives, and heard Kremer declare he never designed to charge Mr. Clay with any thing dis-neral Winchester, who commanded at Mobile at the time honorable, in his life." "The old man, naturally honest, was imposed on at the time, by a powerful influence, and constrained to act his part in an affair, which from beginning to end, was as much a fiction, as the Merry wives of Windsor, or the School for Scandal. "The attack on Mr. Clay, during the late session of congress, by gen. Saunders, as far as I could judge from the debate as published, proved an entire abortion, and I hardly know which surprised me most, the folly of the attack, or the inconsistency of the general. that this Binns letter is dated, made several communications to me after that date, and before he had any knowledge that the battle of New Orleans had been fought. Does not this circumstance shew the impossibility of Mr. Harris having this knowledge at the time stated, and still more that he could have gained it in time to have made it a ground of application for mercy. The letters of gen. Winchester to me show that he did not receive intelligence of the victory until the 17th January: this forged letter gives the intelligence to Mr. Harris two days before. Strange indeed, that Mr. Harris closely confined in jail should be so much earlier informed than the commandant of that post. "You have seen, no doubt, that Mr. F. Johnson stated in his reply to gen. Saunders, that at the time of the presidential election, in the house of representatives, that It would give me great pleasure to send you printed he, gen. S. was decidedly in favor of Mr. Adams, in pre-copies from the documents in my possession, properly ference to gen. Jackson. certified, proving what I have here asserted, but it is impossible that this can be done within so short a period as that requested. I trust, however, that the statement here made will be sufficient, with all honorable men, to counteract the false expressions sought to be forced upon the freemen of Kentucky by Mr. Buckner. "In conйrmation of what Mr. Johnson has stated, I well remember, that not ten minutes before the election, gen. Saunders came to me, with an anxious countenance, discovering deep concern indeed, and used these emphatic words, I hope to God you may be able to terminate the election on the first ballot, for fear we from North Carolina, may be forced to vote for gen. Jackson.' North Carolina, you know, voted in the house of representatives for Mr. Crawford, whose prospect of success was hopeless, although the electors of that state gave their votes in favor of gen. Jackson. "Knowing the deep interest you have always taken in Mr. Clay's welfare, I have been induced to give you for your personal satisfaction these particulars. "Mr. Clay I have known intimately for six-teen years; his public career is completely identified with every important event of the country, from that period to the present time, whether in peace or in war. "During the late war, I have seen the house of representatives, after having gone out of committee of the whole, return to it again, for the sole purpose of affording Mr. Clay an opportunity, (then speaker), of putting down the desperate, and infuriated advocates of British tyranny, insult and injury. "But his enemies say Mr. Adams bargained with him; this is assertion without proof, and destitute of truth, as it is of manly frankness. "His superior qualifications placed him in the department of state, and history furnishes no instance, when a superior man ever had to bargain for a high station, for which, his peculiar fitness was evident to every one. "In Maryland, the administration is daily gaining ground, and by the time the election occurs, I hope we shall be able to present an undivided front in their support." [From the Kentucky Gazette, July 31.] ROBERTSON'S SPRINGS, July 26, 1827. Dear sir-Your letter of the 22d inst. was handed to me, late last evening, and I hasten to answer the inquiries, as requested, in regard to the case of Harris and the other five militia men who were executed at Mobile. As a public or private man, speaking of transactions which concern the reputation and characters of others, every manly feeling should remind him, that he ought to be guided by established facts, not by the hearsay of a party; and when he thus produces facts, or the least plausible ground upon which to bottom such charges, as those which you have recited, I pledge myself to be at all times ready to meet him at the bar of my country. It may be proper to remark in conclusion, that the finding of the court proves conclusively that those men were legally in service-or otherwise, that they must have been acquitted. I approved, of their condemnation, because they were the promoters and ringleaders of the mutiny and desertion, committed at a period when the safety of our southern frontiers was threatened-at a period which called for the most energetic measures, and when every nerve of the government was stretched in the defence of our liberties. When they violated the law in such an attrocious manner, the public good demanded their sacrifice. Had they have done their duty as faithful soldiers, their country would have rewarded them with its protection and gratitude. I am sir, your most obedient servant, ANDREW JÁČKSON. William Owens. P. S. It will be recollected in the revolutionary war, at a time of great trial, gen. Washington ordered deserters to be shot without trial. Capt. Reed under this order, having arrested three, had one shot without trial, and his head brought to the general; but he, (gen. Washi ington), reprimanded Reed for not shooting the whole three. General Green, near Rudgly's mill, South Carolina, says Gordon's history, had eight men hung on one pole for desertion. Johnson's life of Green says five, without court martial. 1 only approved of the proceedings of a court composed of men who were the friends and neighbors of those to be tried by them. Respectfully, ANDREW JACKSON. The regiment to which these unfortunate men belonged, was received into the service by the orders of the Nashville, July 17, 1827. I Robert W. Hart, adjutant general government, was mustered for a six months tour, general of the first brigade of Tennesse militia, in the and was paid accordingly, for said service, as with ap-late southern war, do ceruty that I was at the encanippear by the muster and pay rolls, and by colonel Pipkin's report to me. These rolls, with colonel Pipkin's report, the proceedings and sentence of the court martial detailed for the trial, and all the circumstances connected with the subject, are or ought to be, on record at Washington city, where I have no doubt, Mr. Buckner has had a full opportunity of examining them. I confidently assert, that they stamp the allegations of Mr. Buckner with falseLood. ment, within three miles of Mobile, in 1814, when a court martial, of which col. Peter Pipkin was president, was organized for the trial of certain militia men, who deserted from fort Jackson, under the command of col Pipkin-that I remained at Mobile and the neighborhood until the business of the court martial was compicted, and for some time afterwards. I was present at the exerution of the six ring leaders adjudged to suffer the sentence of death; but I do certify that that part of the sentence The letter which Mr. Buckner now makes use of, in of the court martial ordering the one half of the heads of order to injure my character, is well ascertained to be a large number of the offenders to be shaved, and the ofa forgery. It was first published by Binns, editor of the fenders to be drummed out of camp never was carried into Democratic Press, purporting to be a letter from the un-effect, said delinquents having been pardoned by gen. fortunate Harris to me. Now this man never wrote but one letter to me, that I ever saw, or beard of before this publication, and in that he acknowledged himself to be guilty of the enormous crimes charged against him, and stated his willingness to meet the just sentence of the court. If Mr. Buckner was as desirous to cull the truth om the archives of the nation, as he is to pluck from me ey had earned reputation, he would have seen that ge Jackson, in obedience to which pardon each and every one was honorably discharged. R. W. HART, Adi. gen. in the U. S. service. [A great deal of matter, and several statements, have been opposed to this letter, especially to the postscript; but as it is said that Mr. Buckner will himself reply, at length, we shall defer the publication of any of them, to make room for it.} From the Charlotteville, (Va.) Advocate, Aug. 18. TO THE EDITORS OF THE ADVOCATE. plated for him any other elevation than what he had already enjoyed in the house of representatives. Should Gentlemen-In reply to your written application for Mr. Clay demonstrate to the world that Mr. Jefferson a statement of certain political sentiments uttered by Mr. underrated him, I shall be among the first to acknowledge Jefferson sometime in the year 1825, I must first remark, a genuine feeling of civic pride at it; for he is a Virginian, that I do not now consider myself at liberty after your and my strongest public attachment of all is to the prosrequest, to withhold it from your paper. My opinion has perity and honor of Virginia. If what I have said should ever been this, that in a free and equal society, upon pub-excite resentment, I shall hold Mr. Clay, and him only, lic matters of such extreme importance, the public are responsible to me for any improper expression of that entitled to demand, through any of their organs of com- feeling. With great respect, munication, the sentiments of public characters of long TH. M. RANDOLPH, sen. and high standing, from themselves; and most assuredly so, after their decease, from persons to whom they have been unreservedly made known. Mr. Buchanan. On the d of February, 1825, the rules for regulating the election of president in the house of representatives, were under discussion in that body; and it was a question whether the election should be conducted with open or with closed doors. Mr. Buchanan made the following declaration. "In these times in the infancy of our political institutions-when no man can suspect that corruption has made an entrance among us, it matters perhaps little whether we admit the people to witness our proceedings, or whether we sit in conclave. But OTHER times will come, corruption will one day rear its head in our country; and privacy is the natural element of corruption. should those times arrive, the members will want their secret sessions." Another opinion of Mr. Jefferson. He, (Mr. Jefferson), said that "during a long public I was induced to relate what I had heard, the first time" life, he had attentively watched the progress of events I did relate it, by some illiberal expressions applied to "in the United States, with the particular view of satisgen Jackson, a conduct which would have been, perhaps," fying his mind that mankind were competent to selfstill more revolting to my feelings, in regard to Mr." government, to believe which, his principles inclined Adams; for both are fully worthy, in my estimation, of the "him; and that during his whole political observation, high honor they receive from their fellow citizens at pre- "the disposition of the American people to elect general sent; but the former I have never yet seen. "Jackson president, was the single circumstance which The occasion of which you speak, when we were all " had shaken his faith, and made him fear that the Amepresent at the reading of gen. Jackson's reply to Mr." rican republic was soon to follow the fate of all others, Clay, was, I candidly think, the second time I ever men-" and to fall under military rule.” tioned the fact in question. I am very sure I did hear In reference to the above recorded opinion expressed to Mr. Jefferson say, and I think it was about the last of gov. Coles the National Intelligencer says "We have the July or the 1st of August, 1825, but it might have been most indubitable proof of Mr. Jefferson's having expres in December, that it was fortunate for the country that sed the same sentiment, not once, but repeatedly. No gen. Jackson was likely to be fit for public life four years man who knows any thing of his sentiments on the subafter: for in him seemed to be the only hope left of avoid-ject, will venture to contradict our statement." ing the dangers manifestly about to rise out of the broad construction now again given to the constitution of the United States, which effaced all limitations of powers, and left the general government, by theory, altogether unrestrained. That its character was plainly enough about to be totally changed, and that a revolution which had been hitherto indistinctly contemplated at a very great distance, was now suddenly, and unexpectedly, brought close to our view. Of gen. Jackson, Mr. Jef. ferson often said, that he was an honest, sincere, firm, clear-headed and strong minded man; of the soundest political principles; which he knew well, from having observed his conduct while a senator of the United States, when he was vice president himself. He had no doubt that if general Jackson should be brought into office to correct the alarming tendency towards formidable, and otherwise irremediable evil beginning to develope itself in the administration of the general government, he would be entirely faithful to that object. This conversation took place in Staunton in the summer of 1825 or in December following: and it was the last free expression of his sentiments I ever heard; a calamitous change in "At this distance of time I could not, if I would, exthe private affairs of both having occurred shortly after, plain to you all the causes which induced nie to hold the which prevented my being much with him, by placing only conversation I ever held with general Jackson, on him through imperious circumstances, in a situation re- the subject of the presidential election. It will be suffiquiring him to be unfriendly to my greatest interests, cient, however, for your purpose, to know that I had no Having been an elector myself, in 1824, when Mr.authority from Mr. Clay or his friends to propose any Crawford's personal condition was deemed so very terms to gen. Jackson in relation to their votes, nor did doubtful, I know certainly that Mr. Jefferson did then I make any such proposition. I trust I would be as inprefer Mr. Adams after him. Indced, I never heard capable of becoming a messenger upon such an occasion, Mr. Jefferson speak of Mr. Adams, from the year 1792, as it is known general Jackson would be to receive such without acknowledging that he as an able, learned and a message. honest man! to which he often added, before the period "I repeated the substance of this conversation to a few mentioned, that Mr. Adams would make a safe cluet ma- friends at Washington; one of whom must have commugistrate of the union, and was the most fit of all the New nicated it to you. That person, whoever he may be, is England men. Towards Mr. Clay, as a politician, Mr. entirely mistaken in supposing the subject of it to have Jefferson constantly manifested a very strong repugnance, been what you alledge in your letter. I must, therefore and often said that he was merely a splendid orator, with-protest against bringing that conversation before the peoout any valuable knowledge from experience or study, ple through the medium of the Telegraph, or any other or any determined public principles founded in sound po- newspaper. litical science, either practical or theoretical. With this "The facts are before the world, that Mr. Clay and his impression on my mind, I left Mr. Clay at Monticello, particular friends made Mr. Adams president, and Clay when I went to the legislature, three days before the meet-secretary of state. The people will draw their own ining of the electoral colleges, in December, 1824. I hadferences from such conduct, and the circumstances conheard some little discussion between him and Mr. Jef- nected with it. They will judge of the cause from the efferson, of those important points of constitutional doc-fects." trine, and political economy, upon which they differed so widely. I went determined to vote for Mr. Adams, in case Mr. Crawford should be acknowledged indisputably The following is an "extract" from the letter, (and all that we have seen of it), which was addressed by Mr. Buchanan, on the 16th October, 1826, to the editor of the United States Telegraph, and referred to by Mr. B. in his address to the public dated at Lancaster, 8th Aug. 1827. From the Raleigh (N. C.) Star, take county, ingust 27, 1827. out of condition to serve. It did not appear to me that To Messrs. Lawrence & Lemay: Mr. Jefferson ever viewed Mr. Clay in the light he is now Gentlemen-The incorrect impression attempted viewed, by numbers, as a man likely to be dangerous to to be made on the public mind in relation to the proceedthe union from his principles; or that he ever contem-ings of the scuate of the United States, on the nomination |